Abstract
Variation in maize for response to photoperiod is related to geographical adaptation in the species. Maize possesses homologs of many genes identified as regulators of flowering time in other species, but their relation to the natural variation for photoperiod response in maize is unknown. Candidate gene sequences were mapped in four populations created by crossing two temperate inbred lines to two photoperiod-sensitive tropical inbreds. Whole-genome scans were conducted by high-density genotyping of the populations, which were phenotyped over 3 years in both short- and long-day environments. Joint multiple population analysis identified genomic regions controlling photoperiod responses in flowering time, plant height, and total leaf number. Four key genome regions controlling photoperiod response across populations were identified, referred to as ZmPR1-4. Functional allelic differences within these regions among phenotypically similar founders suggest distinct evolutionary trajectories for photoperiod adaptation in maize. These regions encompass candidate genes CCA/LHY, CONZ1, CRY2, ELF4, GHD7, VGT1, HY1/SE5, TOC1/PRR7/PPD-1, PIF3, ZCN8, and ZCN19.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
Joint analysis identified genomic regions controlling photoperiod responses in flowering time, plant height and leaf number.
- Outcome
- genomic regions controlling photoperiod responses in flowering time, plant height, and total leaf numbere0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Joint multiple population analysis identified genomic regions controlling photoperiod responses in flowering time, plant height, and total leaf number.”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Four genomic regions controlled photoperiod response across populations.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Four key genome regions controlling photoperiod response across populations were identified, referred to as ZmPR1-4.”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Allelic differences among similar founders suggest different evolutionary paths of photoperiod adaptation.
- Material
- phenotypically similar founderse0
- Outcome
- evolutionary trajectories for photoperiod adaptatione0
- Direction
- distincte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Functional allelic differences within these regions among phenotypically similar founders suggest distinct evolutionary trajectories for photoperiod adaptation in maize.”
Claim · model-written summary
The identified genomic regions encompass multiple candidate flowering regulator genes.
- Outcome
- candidate genes CCA/LHY, CONZ1, CRY2, ELF4, GHD7, VGT1, HY1/SE5, TOC1/PRR7/PPD-1, PIF3, ZCN8, and ZCN19e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These regions encompass candidate genes CCA/LHY, CONZ1, CRY2, ELF4, GHD7, VGT1, HY1/SE5, TOC1/PRR7/PPD-1, PIF3, ZCN8, and ZCN19.”
t0“Maize”