Abstract
It has been hypothesized Rotylenchulus reniformis (Rr) has a competitive advantage over Meloidogyne incognita (Mi) in the southeastern cotton production region of the United States. This study examines the reproduction and development of Meloidogyne incognita (Mi) and Rotylenchulus reniformis (Rr) in separate and concomitant infections on cotton. Under greenhouse conditions, cotton seedlings were inoculated simultaneously with juveniles (J2) of M. incognita and vermiform adults of R. reniformis in the following ratios (Mi:Rr): 0:0, 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100. Soil populations of M. incognita and R. reniformis were recorded at 3, 6, 9, 14, 19, 25, 35, 45, and 60 days after inoculations. At each date, samples were taken to determine the life stage of development, number of egg masses, eggs per egg mass, galls, and giant cells or syncytia produced by the nematodes. Meloidogyne incognita and R. reniformis were capable of initially inhibiting each other when the inoculum ratio of one species was higher than the other. In concomitant infections, M. incognita was susceptible to the antagonistic effect of R. reniformis. Rotylenchulus reniformis affected hatching of M. incognita eggs, delayed secondary infection of M. incognita J2, reduced the number of egg masses produced by M. incognita, and reduced J2 of M. incognita 60 days after inoculations. In contrast, M. incognita reduced R. reniformis soil populations only when its proportion in the inoculum ratio was higher than that of R. reniformis. Meloidogyne incognita reduced egg masses produced by R. reniformis, but not production of eggs and secondary infection.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
The nematodes initially inhibited each other when one inoculum proportion exceeded the other.
- Taxon
- Cotton
Gossypium hirsutumt0 - Treatment
- inoculum ratioe0
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne incognita
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Meloidogyne incognitae0pathogen - Second interactor
- R. reniformis
Rotylenchulus reniformise0pathogen - Outcome
- inhibiting each othere0
- Direction
- inhibitinge0
- Comparator
- one speciese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Meloidogyne incognita and R. reniformis were capable of initially inhibiting each other when the inoculum ratio of one species was higher than the other.”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
R. reniformis antagonized M. incognita in concomitant cotton infections.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Interactor
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae0pathogen
- Second interactor
- R. reniformisRotylenchulus reniformise0pathogen
- Outcome
- antagonistic effecte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In concomitant infections, M. incognita was susceptible to the antagonistic effect of R. reniformis.”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
R. reniformis affected hatching of M. incognita eggs.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Rotylenchulus reniformise0
- Interactor
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Rotylenchulus reniformisRotylenchulus reniformise0pathogen
- Outcome
- hatching of M. incognita eggse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rotylenchulus reniformis affected hatching of M. incognita eggs”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
R. reniformis delayed secondary infection by M. incognita juveniles.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Rotylenchulus reniformise0
- Interactor
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Rotylenchulus reniformisRotylenchulus reniformise0pathogen
- Outcome
- secondary infection of M. incognita J2e0
- Direction
- delayede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rotylenchulus reniformis affected hatching of M. incognita eggs, delayed secondary infection of M. incognita J2”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
R. reniformis reduced M. incognita egg masses.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Rotylenchulus reniformise1
- Interactor
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Rotylenchulus reniformisRotylenchulus reniformise1pathogen
- Outcome
- number of egg masses produced by M. incognitae0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduced the number of egg masses produced by M. incognita”
e1“Rotylenchulus reniformis affected hatching”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
R. reniformis reduced M. incognita juveniles at 60 days.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Rotylenchulus reniformise1
- Interactor
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Rotylenchulus reniformisRotylenchulus reniformise1pathogen
- Outcome
- J2 of M. incognitae0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- 60 days after inoculationse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduced J2 of M. incognita 60 days after inoculations”
e1“Rotylenchulus reniformis affected hatching”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
M. incognita reduced R. reniformis soil populations only when more abundant in the inoculum.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- M. incognitae0
- Interactor
- R. reniformisRotylenchulus reniformise0pathogen
- Second interactor
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae0pathogen
- Outcome
- R. reniformis soil populationse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- only when its proportion in the inoculum ratio was higher than that of R. reniformise0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“M. incognita reduced R. reniformis soil populations only when its proportion in the inoculum ratio was higher than that of R. reniformis.”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
M. incognita reduced egg masses produced by R. reniformis.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Meloidogyne incognitae0
- Interactor
- R. reniformisRotylenchulus reniformise0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Meloidogyne incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae0pathogen
- Outcome
- egg masses produced by R. reniformise0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Meloidogyne incognita reduced egg masses produced by R. reniformis”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
M. incognita did not reduce R. reniformis egg production or secondary infection.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Meloidogyne incognitae0
- Interactor
- R. reniformisRotylenchulus reniformise0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Meloidogyne incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae0pathogen
- Outcome
- production of eggs and secondary infectione0
- Direction
- but note0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Meloidogyne incognita reduced egg masses produced by R. reniformis, but not production of eggs and secondary infection.”
t0“Cotton”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · Meloidogyne incognita · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.