Abstract
ABSTRACT There is concern that use of inorganic fertilizers alone cannot sustain high levels of productivity and cause deterioration of the soil and environment. The use of vermicompost (VC) and microbial inoculants (Azotobactor® and phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria) to improve plant nutrition may address these issues. Effects of VC and microbial inoculants in combination with inorganic fertilizers on growth and yield of crops and soil health need to be better understood. The eastern Ghats region of Orissa, India, has a favorable climate for year-round cultivation of vegetables. An on-farm experiment with seven treatments including chemical fertilizers, VC, cow manure (CM), and microbial inoculants was carried out for 3 consecutive years during winters of 2001 to 2003, at Koraput, India, on a red soil to determine the most effective integrated nutrient management option for enhancing productivity of cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. Capitata group) and bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Vermicompost appeared to be the best soil additive in both crops in terms of yield, net economic return, and water use efficiency (WUE). In bell pepper, use of VC+50% recommended rate of synthetic fertilizers (RRF) produced significantly higher yield over 100% RRF, with a net return increase of 29.8%. There was a similar effect for yield of cabbage. In the 50% RRF+VC treatment, WUE was 32.6% higher in bell pepper and 6.2% higher in cabbage over treatment with 100% RRF. Bulk density of the surface soil after 3 years was reduced; its organic carbon and available N and P status improved due to treatment with CM and VC. The data indicate that 5 Mt·ha−1 of VC can meet 50% of the fertilizer requirement of bell pepper and cabbage while providing higher productivity, income, and residual soil fertility. KEYWORDS: Cabbageeconomicsintegrated nutrient managementpeppersoil propertieswater use efficiencyyield
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Vermicompost appeared the best soil additive for crop yield, net return, and water-use efficiency in cabbage and bell pepper.
- Taxon
- cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. Capitata group) and bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)
Brassica oleracea
Capsicum annuume1 - Treatment
- Vermicomposte0
- Outcome
- yield, net economic return, and water use efficiency (WUE)e0
- Direction
- beste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Vermicompost appeared to be the best soil additive in both crops in terms of yield, net economic return, and water use efficiency (WUE).”
e1“cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. Capitata group) and bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Vermicompost plus 50% recommended synthetic fertilizer significantly increased bell-pepper yield over the full fertilizer rate.
Verbatim
e0“In bell pepper, use of VC+50% recommended rate of synthetic fertilizers (RRF) produced significantly higher yield over 100% RRF”
Claim · model-written summary
Vermicompost plus 50% fertilizer increased bell-pepper net return by 29.8% over the full fertilizer rate.
Verbatim
e0“In bell pepper, use of VC+50% recommended rate of synthetic fertilizers (RRF) produced significantly higher yield over 100% RRF, with a net return increase of 29.8%.”
Claim · model-written summary
The same vermicompost plus 50% fertilizer treatment increased cabbage yield relative to full fertilizer.
- Taxon
- cabbage
Brassica oleracea var. capitatae0 - Treatment
- VC+50% recommended rate of synthetic fertilizers (RRF)e1
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- 100% RRFe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was a similar effect for yield of cabbage.”
e1“VC+50% recommended rate of synthetic fertilizers (RRF) produced significantly higher yield over 100% RRF”
Claim · model-written summary
The 50% fertilizer plus vermicompost treatment raised bell-pepper water-use efficiency by 32.6% over full fertilizer.
Verbatim
e0“In the 50% RRF+VC treatment, WUE was 32.6% higher in bell pepper and 6.2% higher in cabbage over treatment with 100% RRF.”
Claim · model-written summary
The 50% fertilizer plus vermicompost treatment raised cabbage water-use efficiency by 6.2% over full fertilizer.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae0
- Treatment
- 50% RRF+VCe0
- Outcome
- WUEe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 6.2%e0
- Comparator
- 100% RRFe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the 50% RRF+VC treatment, WUE was 32.6% higher in bell pepper and 6.2% higher in cabbage over treatment with 100% RRF.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cow manure and vermicompost reduced surface-soil bulk density after three years.
- Taxon
- cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. Capitata group) and bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)Brassica oleraceaCapsicum annuume1
- Treatment
- CM and VCe0
- Outcome
- Bulk density of the surface soile0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- after 3 yearse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Bulk density of the surface soil after 3 years was reduced; its organic carbon and available N and P status improved due to treatment with CM and VC.”
e1“cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. Capitata group) and bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Cow manure and vermicompost improved surface-soil organic carbon and available N and P after three years.
- Taxon
- cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. Capitata group) and bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)Brassica oleraceaCapsicum annuume1
- Treatment
- CM and VCe0
- Outcome
- organic carbon and available N and P statuse0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- after 3 yearse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Bulk density of the surface soil after 3 years was reduced; its organic carbon and available N and P status improved due to treatment with CM and VC.”
e1“cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. Capitata group) and bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that 5 Mt·ha−1 vermicompost can supply half the fertilizer requirement of bell pepper and cabbage while increasing productivity, income, and residual soil fertility.
Verbatim
e0“The data indicate that 5 Mt·ha−1 of VC can meet 50% of the fertilizer requirement of bell pepper and cabbage while providing higher productivity, income, and residual soil fertility.”
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