Abstract
Salinity causes physiological and morphological changes in plants and calcium can mitigate many of these effects. In this study, the effects of salinity (75 mol m−3 NaCl) with or without supplemental Ca (10 mol m−3) on the kinetics of maize (Zea mays L.) leaf elongation were examined using Linear Variable Differential Transformers (LVDTs). Short-term growth responses of two cultivars (Dekalb hybrid XL75 and Pioneer hybrid 3906) differing in salt tolerance were compared. Salinity caused an immediate reduction in the leaf elongation rate (LER). Within 2 h, elongation rates had increased and reached new steady rates. Significant differences between salinity treatments with high and low Ca could be detected within the first 2 h after imposition of salinity for Dekalb hybrid XL75, but not for Pioneer hybrid 3906. After 24 h, distinct differences for both cultivars were detected. Dekalb hybrid XL75, a Na-includer, was more salt-sensitive and responsive to supplemental Ca (10 mol m−3) than Pioneer hybrid 3906, a Na-excluder. Turgor was not reduced 24 h after salinization because there was complete osmotic adjustment in the elongation zone of the leaves. Analysis of the growth parameters limiting LER indicated that the yield threshold (Y) was increased for salt-stressed plants. In addition, both the cell wall extensibility and hydraulic conductance were reduced 24 h after salinization. Supplemental Ca increased LER of salt-stressed plants by increasing hydraulic conductance. The differences in LER of the two cultivars under saline conditions was attributed to differences in the increase of Y caused by salinity.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity immediately reduced maize leaf elongation rate.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salinity caused an immediate reduction in the leaf elongation rate (LER)”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf elongation rates increased within two hours and reached new steady rates.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Within 2 h, elongation rates had increased and reached new steady rates”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
High and low calcium salinity treatments differed within two hours for Dekalb XL75 but not Pioneer 3906.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant differences between salinity treatments with high and low Ca could be detected within the first 2 h after imposition of salinity for Dekalb hybrid XL75, but not for Pioneer hybrid 3906”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Both cultivars showed distinct treatment differences after 24 hours.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After 24 h, distinct differences for both cultivars were detected”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Dekalb XL75 was more salt sensitive and calcium responsive than Pioneer 3906.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dekalb hybrid XL75, a Na-includer, was more salt-sensitive and responsive to supplemental Ca (10 mol m−3) than Pioneer hybrid 3906, a Na-excluder”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Turgor was not reduced 24 hours after salinization with complete osmotic adjustment.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Turgor was not reduced 24 h after salinization because there was complete osmotic adjustment in the elongation zone of the leaves”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity increased the yield threshold limiting leaf elongation.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the yield threshold (Y) was increased for salt-stressed plants”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Cell wall extensibility and hydraulic conductance fell after salinization.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“both the cell wall extensibility and hydraulic conductance were reduced 24 h after salinization”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Supplemental calcium increased leaf elongation rate through hydraulic conductance.
- Treatment
- Supplemental Cae0
- Outcome
- LERe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- increasing hydraulic conductancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Supplemental Ca increased LER of salt-stressed plants by increasing hydraulic conductance”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivar differences in leaf elongation under salinity were attributed to different yield threshold increases.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The differences in LER of the two cultivars under saline conditions was attributed to differences in the increase of Y caused by salinity”
t0“Maize”
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