Paper · 2000 · Agronomy Journal

No‐Tillage Soybean Response to Banded and Broadcast and Direct and Residual Fertilizer Phosphorus and Potassium Applications

Samuel S.J. Buah; Thomas A. Polito; Randy Killorn

4
claims
7
verbatim quotes
65
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Improved P and K management systems for no‐tillage soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] may be needed to increase yield and profits. This study evaluated the response of soybean to fertilizer P or K rates and placement as well as residual and direct fertilization from 1995 through 1996. Two K and two P experiments were established on farmers’ fields with 10‐yr histories of no tillage. An additional P experiment was conducted on one of Iowa State University's research farms. Treatments on farmers’ fields included two rates of P (0 and 19.5 kg P ha −1 ) or K (0 and 51 kg K ha −1 ), placement of fertilizer (surface broadcast or a subsurface band 5 cm beside and 5 cm below the seed) and time of fertilizer application. Treatments on the research farm were similar, except the P fertilizer rates applied were 0, 19, 39, and 78 kg ha −1 . Leaf P and K concentrations and grain yields were measured. Soil test P and K levels at the 0‐ to 15‐cm depths ranged from low to very high across sites at the beginning of the experiment. Placement effects were variable for leaf P or K concentrations. Grain yields for broadcast P and K were as good as or better than the banded applications. However, there may be an advantage to applying P directly to the soybean crop, at least when soil test levels are optimum or lower.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 4

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Fertilizer placement had variable effects on soybean leaf P or K concentrations.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
Placemente0
Outcome
leaf P or K concentrationse0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Placement effects were variable for leaf P or K concentrations.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1028–1091 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 11–18 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Broadcast phosphorus produced soybean grain yields as good as or better than banded phosphorus.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
broadcast Pe0
Outcome
Grain yieldse0
Direction
as good as or better thane0
Comparator
banded applicationse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Grain yields for broadcast P and K were as good as or better than the banded applications.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1092–1182 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 11–18 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Broadcast potassium produced soybean grain yields as good as or better than banded potassium.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
broadcast P and Ke0
Outcome
Grain yieldse0
Direction
as good as or better thane0
Comparator
banded applicationse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Grain yields for broadcast P and K were as good as or better than the banded applications.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1092–1182 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 11–18 · show in text ↑
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors suggest an advantage to applying P directly to soybean when soil tests are optimum or lower.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe0
Outcome
applying P directly to the soybean crope0
Qualifier
at least when soil test levels are optimum or lowere0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“there may be an advantage to applying P directly to the soybean crop, at least when soil test levels are optimum or lower.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1192–1314 · show in text ↑

potassium · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ

149 papers: 123 positive, 26 negative or no effect

122 papers in the same direction as this paper · 25 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

145 papers more in this group

See all 149 papers →

transplanting · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

44 papers: 32 positive, 12 negative or no effect

31 papers in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. positive

40 papers more in this group

See all 44 papers →

phosphorus · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

355 papers: 303 positive, 52 negative or no effect

302 papers in the same direction as this paper · 42 in the opposite direction · 10 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
    Fertilized very low soil-test P soybean plots yielded similarly to high and very high plots.

    Phosphorus management strategies for corn and soybean in the Upper US Midwest · 2025 · compared with nonfertilized or fertilized high and very high STP plots

    No difference from an alternativeCites this paper

  3. positive

351 papers more in this group

See all 355 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.