Abstract
Root‐knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., are serious pests of many crops worldwide. Recent limitations on the use of nematicides have enhanced the need to develop alternative management strategies, including host plant resistance. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of nematode‐resistant cowpea [ Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] genotypes used as cover crops for suppressing populations of M. incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood and M. javanica (Treub) Chitwood and protecting susceptible tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) grown in rotation. In six field experiments, susceptible and resistant cowpea was grown to flowering stage and the dried tops incorporated or not incorporated into the soil. These treatments were compared to wet and dry fallowing and were conducted on nematode‐infested and noninfested plots. The experiments were conducted in the Coachella and San Joaquin Valleys, California. Resistance conferred by genes Rk and Rk2 reduced loss of cowpea biomass and M. incognita soil populations and partially suppressed M. javanica compared with susceptible cowpea, but not as effectively as fallow treatments. Incorporation of cowpea tops into the soil promoted tomato growth irrespective of nematode presence. On infested plots, tomato fruit yield was higher following growth and incorporation of resistant cowpea compared with growth and incorporation of susceptible cowpea or nonincorporation of cowpea and fallow treatments. We conclude that root‐knot nematode‐resistant cowpea is an effective cover crop for protecting susceptible vegetable crops grown under irrigation, and its beneficial effects are enhanced by incorporation of its green biomass.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Nematode-resistance genes Rk and Rk2 reduced loss of cowpea biomass compared with susceptible cowpea.
- Taxon
- cowpea
Vigna unguiculatae0 - Treatment
- Resistance conferred by genes Rk and Rk2e0
- Interactor
- M. incognita
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=60)
Meloidogyne incognitae0pest - Gene
- Rk and Rk2e0
- Outcome
- loss of cowpea biomasse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- susceptible cowpeae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Resistance conferred by genes Rk and Rk2 reduced loss of cowpea biomass and M. incognita soil populations and partially suppressed M. javanica compared with susceptible cowpea, but not as effectively as fallow treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Resistant cowpea reduced M. incognita soil populations compared with susceptible cowpea.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- Resistance conferred by genes Rk and Rk2e0
- Interactor
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae0pest
- Gene
- Rk and Rk2e0
- Outcome
- M. incognita soil populationse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- susceptible cowpeae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Resistance conferred by genes Rk and Rk2 reduced loss of cowpea biomass and M. incognita soil populations and partially suppressed M. javanica compared with susceptible cowpea, but not as effectively as fallow treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Resistant cowpea partially suppressed M. javanica compared with susceptible cowpea.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- Resistance conferred by genes Rk and Rk2e0
- Interactor
- M. javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae0pest
- Gene
- Rk and Rk2e0
- Outcome
- M. javanicae0
- Direction
- partially suppressede0
- Comparator
- susceptible cowpeae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Resistance conferred by genes Rk and Rk2 reduced loss of cowpea biomass and M. incognita soil populations and partially suppressed M. javanica compared with susceptible cowpea, but not as effectively as fallow treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Resistant cowpea was not as effective as fallow treatments at suppressing nematodes.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- Resistance conferred by genes Rk and Rk2e0
- Outcome
- effectivelye0
- Direction
- not as effectivelye0
- Comparator
- fallow treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Resistance conferred by genes Rk and Rk2 reduced loss of cowpea biomass and M. incognita soil populations and partially suppressed M. javanica compared with susceptible cowpea, but not as effectively as fallow treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Incorporating cowpea tops into the soil promoted tomato growth irrespective of nematode presence.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- Incorporation of cowpea tops into the soile0
- Outcome
- tomato growthe0
- Direction
- promotede0
- Qualifier
- irrespective of nematode presencee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Incorporation of cowpea tops into the soil promoted tomato growth irrespective of nematode presence”
Claim · model-written summary
On infested plots, tomato fruit yield was higher after growth and incorporation of resistant cowpea than after susceptible cowpea or fallow treatments.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- growth and incorporation of resistant cowpeae0
- Outcome
- tomato fruit yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- growth and incorporation of susceptible cowpea or nonincorporation of cowpea and fallow treatmentse0
- Setting
- infested plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“On infested plots, tomato fruit yield was higher following growth and incorporation of resistant cowpea compared with growth and incorporation of susceptible cowpea or nonincorporation of cowpea and fallow treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that resistant cowpea is an effective cover crop for protecting susceptible vegetable crops under irrigation.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Outcome
- protecting susceptible vegetable cropse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“resistant cowpea is an effective cover crop for protecting susceptible vegetable crops grown under irrigation”
Claim · model-written summary
Incorporating the green biomass of cowpea enhances its beneficial effects.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- incorporation of its green biomasse1
- Outcome
- beneficial effectse1
- Direction
- enhancede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“resistant cowpea is an effective cover crop for protecting susceptible vegetable crops grown under irrigation”
e1“its beneficial effects are enhanced by incorporation of its green biomass”
The same questions in other papers
Vigna unguiculata · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.