Abstract
High population growth during the last decades and reduced water resources, both in quantity and quality, have made necessary the use of saline water in agricultural activities. This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of irrigation with water of varying salinity in different phenological phases associated with nitrogen fertilization on the physiology, growth and yield of castor bean cv. BRS Energia. Research was carried out in lysimeters under field conditions in Pombal-PB, Brazil, from September 2011 to January 2012. A completely randomized block design arranged in a 5x2x2 factorial design was adopted, with three replications, testing five levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water (ECw = 0.3, 1.2, 2.1, 3.0 and 3.9 dS m -1 ), two strategies of management of water salinity: 1) irrigation with low salinity water during the vegetative stage and application of different salinity levels in the reproductive phase and 2) irrigation with different ECw levels throughout the crop cycle, and two nitrogen doses (100 and 160 mg N kg -1 soil). Leaf (DML) and stem (DMS) dry matter and the number of fruits (NFruPC) and seeds (NSeePC) of the primary cluster were evaluated. Irrigation with ECw exceeding 0.3 dS m -1 affected DML and DMS negatively. The greatest accumulation of dry matter was observed in plants which were not irrigated with saline water in the initial development phase. Irrigation with saline water caused changes in gas exchange of the castor bean plant, with varying effects according to the management strategy adopted. The nitrogen dose of 160 mg N kg -1 soil increased DMS. Different ECw levels negatively affected production, regardless of the development stage. No significant interaction effect was observed among the factors studied and the variables evaluated.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation above 0.3 dS m -1 negatively affected leaf dry matter.
- Taxon
- castor bean
Ricinus communise2 - Material
- BRS Energiae2
- Treatment
- Irrigation with ECw exceeding 0.3 dS m -1e0
- Outcome
- DMLe0
- Direction
- negativelye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Irrigation with ECw exceeding 0.3 dS m -1 affected DML and DMS negatively”
e1“Leaf (DML) and stem (DMS) dry matter”
e2“castor bean cv. BRS Energia”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation above 0.3 dS m -1 negatively affected stem dry matter.
- Taxon
- castor beanRicinus communise2
- Material
- BRS Energiae2
- Treatment
- Irrigation with ECw exceeding 0.3 dS m -1e0
- Outcome
- DMSe0
- Direction
- negativelye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Irrigation with ECw exceeding 0.3 dS m -1 affected DML and DMS negatively”
e2“castor bean cv. BRS Energia”
Claim · model-written summary
Avoiding saline irrigation during initial development produced the greatest dry matter accumulation.
- Taxon
- castor beanRicinus communise2
- Treatment
- not irrigated with saline water in the initial development phasee0
- Outcome
- accumulation of dry mattere0
- Direction
- greateste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The greatest accumulation of dry matter was observed in plants which were not irrigated with saline water in the initial development phase”
e2“castor bean cv. BRS Energia”
Claim · model-written summary
Saline water irrigation changed castor bean gas exchange, with effects varying by management strategy.
- Taxon
- castor beanRicinus communise0
- Treatment
- Irrigation with saline watere0
- Outcome
- gas exchangee0
- Qualifier
- varying effects according to the management strategy adoptede0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Irrigation with saline water caused changes in gas exchange of the castor bean plant, with varying effects according to the management strategy adopted”
Claim · model-written summary
The 160 mg N kg -1 soil nitrogen dose increased stem dry matter.
- Taxon
- castor beanRicinus communise2
- Treatment
- 160 mg N kg -1 soile0
- Outcome
- DMSe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The nitrogen dose of 160 mg N kg -1 soil increased DMS”
e2“castor bean cv. BRS Energia”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing irrigation water salinity negatively affected production regardless of development stage.
- Taxon
- castor beanRicinus communise2
- Treatment
- Different ECw levelse0
- Outcome
- productione0
- Direction
- negativelye0
- Qualifier
- regardless of the development stagee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Different ECw levels negatively affected production, regardless of the development stage”
e2“castor bean cv. BRS Energia”
Claim · model-written summary
No significant interaction among tested factors was observed for the evaluated variables.
- Taxon
- castor beanRicinus communise2
- Treatment
- factors studiede0
- Outcome
- variables evaluatede0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No significant interaction effect was observed among the factors studied and the variables evaluated”
e2“castor bean cv. BRS Energia”
The same questions in other papers
irrigation · growth · Ricinus communis (castor bean)Positive and negative results
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- no effect
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2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 13 in the opposite direction
- negative
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See all 16 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.