Abstract
ABSTRACT Field experiments were conducted in the major rice growing area of Chile to evaluate the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilization and site on grain yield and some yield components, dry matter production, N uptake, and N use efficiency in rice cultivar 'Diamante'. Two sites (indicated as sites 1 and 2) and six N rates (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 300 kg N ha−1) were compared. Nitrogen fertilization increased yield, panicle density, spikelet sterility, dry matter production, and N uptake at maturity. 90% of maximum yield was obtained with 200 kg N ha−1 in site 1 (12,810 kg ha−1) and with 100 kg N ha−1 in site 2 (8,000 kg ha−1). These differences were explained by lower panicle density, and the resulting lower dry matter production and N uptake in site 2. Nitrogen use efficiency for biomass and grain production, and grain yield per unit of grain N decreased with N fertilization. While, agronomic N use efficiency and N harvest index were not affected. All N use efficiency indices were significantly higher in site 1, except grain yield per unit of grain N. The observed variation in N use efficiency indices between sites would reflect site-specific differences in temperature and solar radiation, which in turn, determined yield potentials of each site. On the basis of these results, cultivar 'Diamante' would correspond to a high-N use efficiency genotype for grain yield. Keywords: irrigated ricenitrogen use efficiencydry matter productionnitrogen uptakeMediterranean conditionsChile ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors wish to thank Dr. Tania Zaviezo from Universidad Católica de Chile for critical revision of the manuscript. This research was supported by "Programa de Desarrollo de Proveedores" Tucapel Companies – Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Notes 1Base temperature = 10°C. 1Regression equation was linear. ∗, ∗∗ = significant at the 0.05 and 0.01 probability levels, respectively; ns = not significant. 1Leaves, sheaths and culms. 2Caryopsis and hull 3Regression equation was linear. ∗, ∗∗ = significant at the 0.05 and 0.01 probability levels, respectively. 1Because the effect of N was not significant, no regression analysis was conducted. ∗, ∗∗ = significant at the 0.05 and 0.01 probability levels, respectively.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilization increased grain yield in irrigated rice.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae1 - Material
- Diamantee1
- Treatment
- Nitrogen fertilizatione2
- Outcome
- yielde2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Setting
- major rice growing area of Chilee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Field experiments were conducted in the major rice growing area of Chile to evaluate the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilization and site on grain yield and some yield components, dry matter production, N uptake, and N use efficiency in rice cultivar 'Diamante'”
e2“Nitrogen fertilization increased yield, panicle density, spikelet sterility, dry matter production, and N uptake at maturity”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilization increased panicle density in irrigated rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Material
- Diamantee1
- Treatment
- Nitrogen fertilizatione2
- Outcome
- panicle densitye2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Setting
- major rice growing area of Chilee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Field experiments were conducted in the major rice growing area of Chile to evaluate the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilization and site on grain yield and some yield components, dry matter production, N uptake, and N use efficiency in rice cultivar 'Diamante'”
e2“Nitrogen fertilization increased yield, panicle density, spikelet sterility, dry matter production, and N uptake at maturity”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilization increased spikelet sterility in irrigated rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Material
- Diamantee1
- Treatment
- Nitrogen fertilizatione2
- Outcome
- spikelet sterilitye2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Setting
- major rice growing area of Chilee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Field experiments were conducted in the major rice growing area of Chile to evaluate the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilization and site on grain yield and some yield components, dry matter production, N uptake, and N use efficiency in rice cultivar 'Diamante'”
e2“Nitrogen fertilization increased yield, panicle density, spikelet sterility, dry matter production, and N uptake at maturity”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilization increased dry matter production and N uptake at maturity in irrigated rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Material
- Diamantee1
- Treatment
- Nitrogen fertilizatione2
- Outcome
- dry matter production, and N uptake at maturitye2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Setting
- major rice growing area of Chilee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Field experiments were conducted in the major rice growing area of Chile to evaluate the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilization and site on grain yield and some yield components, dry matter production, N uptake, and N use efficiency in rice cultivar 'Diamante'”
e2“Nitrogen fertilization increased yield, panicle density, spikelet sterility, dry matter production, and N uptake at maturity”
Claim · model-written summary
Site 1 reached 90% of maximum yield (12,810 kg/ha) at 200 kg N/ha.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- 200 kg N ha−1e3
- Outcome
- maximum yielde3
- Value
- 12,810 kg ha−1e3
- Setting
- site 1e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Field experiments were conducted in the major rice growing area of Chile to evaluate the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilization and site on grain yield and some yield components, dry matter production, N uptake, and N use efficiency in rice cultivar 'Diamante'”
e3“90% of maximum yield was obtained with 200 kg N ha−1 in site 1 (12,810 kg ha−1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Site 2 reached 90% of maximum yield (8,000 kg/ha) at 100 kg N/ha.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- 100 kg N ha−1e4
- Outcome
- maximum yielde3
- Value
- 8,000 kg ha−1e4
- Setting
- site 2e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Field experiments were conducted in the major rice growing area of Chile to evaluate the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilization and site on grain yield and some yield components, dry matter production, N uptake, and N use efficiency in rice cultivar 'Diamante'”
e3“90% of maximum yield was obtained with 200 kg N ha−1 in site 1 (12,810 kg ha−1)”
e4“and with 100 kg N ha−1 in site 2 (8,000 kg ha−1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower panicle density explained the lower dry matter production and N uptake at site 2.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Outcome
- dry matter production and N uptakee5
- Qualifier
- lower panicle densitye5
- Setting
- site 2e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Field experiments were conducted in the major rice growing area of Chile to evaluate the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilization and site on grain yield and some yield components, dry matter production, N uptake, and N use efficiency in rice cultivar 'Diamante'”
e5“These differences were explained by lower panicle density, and the resulting lower dry matter production and N uptake in site 2”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen use efficiency for biomass and grain production, and grain yield per unit of grain N, decreased with N fertilization.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- N fertilizatione6
- Outcome
- Nitrogen use efficiency for biomass and grain production, and grain yield per unit of grain Ne6
- Direction
- decreasede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Field experiments were conducted in the major rice growing area of Chile to evaluate the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilization and site on grain yield and some yield components, dry matter production, N uptake, and N use efficiency in rice cultivar 'Diamante'”
e6“Nitrogen use efficiency for biomass and grain production, and grain yield per unit of grain N decreased with N fertilization”
Claim · model-written summary
Agronomic N use efficiency and N harvest index were not affected by N fertilization.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- N fertilizatione6
- Outcome
- agronomic N use efficiency and N harvest indexe7
- Direction
- not affectede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Field experiments were conducted in the major rice growing area of Chile to evaluate the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilization and site on grain yield and some yield components, dry matter production, N uptake, and N use efficiency in rice cultivar 'Diamante'”
e7“While, agronomic N use efficiency and N harvest index were not affected”
e6“Nitrogen use efficiency for biomass and grain production, and grain yield per unit of grain N decreased with N fertilization”
Claim · model-written summary
N use efficiency indices were significantly higher in site 1, except grain yield per unit of grain N.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Outcome
- N use efficiency indicese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- except grain yield per unit of grain Ne0
- Setting
- site 1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Field experiments were conducted in the major rice growing area of Chile to evaluate the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilization and site on grain yield and some yield components, dry matter production, N uptake, and N use efficiency in rice cultivar 'Diamante'”
e0“All N use efficiency indices were significantly higher in site 1, except grain yield per unit of grain N”
Claim · model-written summary
Site-specific differences in temperature and solar radiation would explain the variation in N use efficiency indices between sites.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Outcome
- variation in N use efficiency indices between sitese0
- Qualifier
- site-specific differences in temperature and solar radiatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Field experiments were conducted in the major rice growing area of Chile to evaluate the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilization and site on grain yield and some yield components, dry matter production, N uptake, and N use efficiency in rice cultivar 'Diamante'”
e0“The observed variation in N use efficiency indices between sites would reflect site-specific differences in temperature and solar radiation, which in turn, determined yield potentials of each site”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivar Diamante would correspond to a high-N use efficiency genotype for grain yield.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Material
- Diamantee0
- Outcome
- high-N use efficiency genotype for grain yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Field experiments were conducted in the major rice growing area of Chile to evaluate the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilization and site on grain yield and some yield components, dry matter production, N uptake, and N use efficiency in rice cultivar 'Diamante'”
e0“cultivar 'Diamante' would correspond to a high-N use efficiency genotype for grain yield”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
3,182 papers in the same direction as this paper · 207 in the opposite direction · 65 reporting no difference from an alternative
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