Abstract
Abstract Pastures based on the white clover cultivars Grasslands Tahora and Grasslands Huia were established by oversowing into unimproved hill country at Ballantrae in May–June 1986. Each pasture type occupied 2.2 ha, and a further 2.2 ha of unamended pasture containing the resident clover ecotype was also included. From August 1988, four fertiliser treatments (control, receiving no fertiliser; reactive phosphate rock; partially acidulated phosphate rock; and a superphosphate/phosphate rock blend, the latter three applied at 35 kg P/ha per year) were superimposed upon pasture types. Emphasis was placed on identifying the population and plant characteristics which responded to treatment, and defining the relative benefits to pasture performance resulting from the two approaches to pasture improvement (cultivars versus fertiliser). Based on measurements of the frequency of occurrence of cyanogenic plants in populations nearly 4 years after sowing, 58% of white clover plants in the Tahora‐sown pastures and 43% of plants in the Huia‐sown pastures were estimated to have derived from the original seedlines. The rest of these populations were volunteer plants of the resident ecotype; these were much smaller than plants of Tahora and Huia (mean total plant weights, including root material, were 49.5, 112.2, and 139.2 mg, respectively). When both genotype frequency and plant weight differences were accounted for, the introduced cultivars were estimated to have contributed 70% of the total white clover biomass present in sown pastures, averaged across fertiliser treatments. White clover herbage accumulation was greater in the sown pastures than in the resident pasture (558 and 586 kg DM/ha per year for Huia‐sown and Tahora‐sown pastures respectively, versus 305 kg DM/ha per year for resident pasture, means for Years 3 and 4 after sowing), and in the fertilised treatments compared to the Control (518‐597 kg DM/ha per year versus 231 kg DM/ha per year respectively). Applying 35 kg P/ha per year had a greater influence on clover herbage accumulation than cultivar introduction, though returns on cultivar introduction can be seen as accruing each year (if cultivars are persistent) for a one‐off cost whereas fertiliser must be financed annually. Fertiliser application increased mainly the population density of clover plants (number/m 2 ) whereas cultivar introduction affected mainly the mean size of plants in the population. Limited evidence was obtained to suggest that Tahora and Huia responded differently to fertiliser application.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
About 58% of clover plants in Tahora-sown pasture derived from the original seedline.
- Taxon
- white clover
Trifolium repense0t0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“58% of white clover plants in the Tahora‐sown pastures and 43% of plants in the Huia‐sown pastures were estimated to have derived from the original seedlines”
t0“Effects of cultivar introduction and fertiliser on characteristics of white clover ( Trifolium repens L.) plants and populations in a hill pasture”
Claim · model-written summary
About 43% of clover plants in Huia-sown pasture derived from the original seedline.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repense0t0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“58% of white clover plants in the Tahora‐sown pastures and 43% of plants in the Huia‐sown pastures were estimated to have derived from the original seedlines”
t0“Effects of cultivar introduction and fertiliser on characteristics of white clover ( Trifolium repens L.) plants and populations in a hill pasture”
Claim · model-written summary
Resident ecotype clover plants had mean total weight 49.5 mg and were smaller than introduced cultivars.
TrifoliumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“resident ecotype; these were much smaller than plants of Tahora and Huia (mean total plant weights, including root material, were 49.5, 112.2, and 139.2 mg, respectively)”
t0“Effects of cultivar introduction and fertiliser on characteristics of white clover ( Trifolium repens L.) plants and populations in a hill pasture”
Claim · model-written summary
Tahora plants had mean total weight 112.2 mg.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants of Tahora and Huia (mean total plant weights, including root material, were 49.5, 112.2, and 139.2 mg, respectively)”
t0“Effects of cultivar introduction and fertiliser on characteristics of white clover ( Trifolium repens L.) plants and populations in a hill pasture”
Claim · model-written summary
Huia plants had mean total weight 139.2 mg.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants of Tahora and Huia (mean total plant weights, including root material, were 49.5, 112.2, and 139.2 mg, respectively)”
t0“Effects of cultivar introduction and fertiliser on characteristics of white clover ( Trifolium repens L.) plants and populations in a hill pasture”
Claim · model-written summary
Introduced cultivars contributed an estimated 70% of white clover biomass in sown pasture.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repense0t0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“introduced cultivars were estimated to have contributed 70% of the total white clover biomass present in sown pastures”
t0“Effects of cultivar introduction and fertiliser on characteristics of white clover ( Trifolium repens L.) plants and populations in a hill pasture”
Claim · model-written summary
Huia-sown pasture accumulated 558 kg DM/ha per year of white clover herbage versus 305 in resident pasture.
- Taxon
- White cloverTrifolium repense0t0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“White clover herbage accumulation was greater in the sown pastures than in the resident pasture (558 and 586 kg DM/ha per year for Huia‐sown and Tahora‐sown pastures respectively, versus 305 kg DM/ha per year for resident pasture”
t0“Effects of cultivar introduction and fertiliser on characteristics of white clover ( Trifolium repens L.) plants and populations in a hill pasture”
Claim · model-written summary
Tahora-sown pasture accumulated 586 kg DM/ha per year of white clover herbage versus 305 in resident pasture.
- Taxon
- White cloverTrifolium repense0t0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“White clover herbage accumulation was greater in the sown pastures than in the resident pasture (558 and 586 kg DM/ha per year for Huia‐sown and Tahora‐sown pastures respectively, versus 305 kg DM/ha per year for resident pasture”
t0“Effects of cultivar introduction and fertiliser on characteristics of white clover ( Trifolium repens L.) plants and populations in a hill pasture”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilized treatments accumulated 518‐597 kg DM/ha per year of clover herbage versus 231 in controls.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in the fertilised treatments compared to the Control (518‐597 kg DM/ha per year versus 231 kg DM/ha per year respectively)”
t0“Effects of cultivar introduction and fertiliser on characteristics of white clover ( Trifolium repens L.) plants and populations in a hill pasture”
e1“White clover herbage accumulation was greater in the sown pastures than in the resident pasture”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus fertilizer had a greater effect on clover herbage accumulation than cultivar introduction.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applying 35 kg P/ha per year had a greater influence on clover herbage accumulation than cultivar introduction”
t0“Effects of cultivar introduction and fertiliser on characteristics of white clover ( Trifolium repens L.) plants and populations in a hill pasture”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer mainly increased clover plant population density.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fertiliser application increased mainly the population density of clover plants”
t0“Effects of cultivar introduction and fertiliser on characteristics of white clover ( Trifolium repens L.) plants and populations in a hill pasture”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivar introduction mainly affected mean clover plant size.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cultivar introduction affected mainly the mean size of plants in the population”
t0“Effects of cultivar introduction and fertiliser on characteristics of white clover ( Trifolium repens L.) plants and populations in a hill pasture”
Claim · model-written summary
Evidence that Tahora and Huia differed in fertilizer response was limited.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Limited evidence was obtained to suggest that Tahora and Huia responded differently to fertiliser application”
t0“Effects of cultivar introduction and fertiliser on characteristics of white clover ( Trifolium repens L.) plants and populations in a hill pasture”
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See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.