Abstract
The occurrence of sudden death syndrome (SDS), caused by the fungus Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc. f. sp. glycines (FSG) (syn. Fusarium virguliforme Akoi, O'Donnell, Homma and Lattanzi), is unpredictable in soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] field trials making it difficult to evaluate soybean for resistance to the pathogen. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of field inoculation, soil compaction, and irrigation on the occurrence and severity of SDS symptoms. Six inoculation treatments were tested which included applications of FSG‐infested grain planted in the furrow with the soybean seed, broadcasted and incorporated into the soil before planting, or placed below the soybean seed just before planting. Soil was compacted by driving a tractor across the field once in early spring. Irrigation treatments were applied at combinations of growth stages V3, V7, R3, R4, and/or R5. Significant increases in foliar SDS severity were observed from inoculation and irrigation treatments ( P < 0.05), but not from compaction treatments. The inoculation treatments that placed inoculum close to the seed resulted in the greatest foliar severity. Irrigation treatments during mid to late reproductive growth stages resulted in significant increases in SDS foliar symptom development. These results increase our understanding of what environmental conditions increase SDS field symptoms and will be useful to researchers establishing SDS field nurseries.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation significantly increased soybean foliar SDS severity.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe1 - Treatment
- inoculatione0
- Interactor
- Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc. f. sp. glycinesFusarium phaseolie2pathogene1
- Outcome
- foliar SDS severitye0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant increases in foliar SDS severity were observed from inoculation and irrigation treatments ( P < 0.05)”
e1“soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
e2“caused by the fungus Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc. f. sp. glycines (FSG)”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation significantly increased soybean foliar SDS severity.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- irrigation treatmentse0
- Interactor
- Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc. f. sp. glycinesFusarium phaseolie3pathogene2
- Outcome
- foliar SDS severitye0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant increases in foliar SDS severity were observed from inoculation and irrigation treatments ( P < 0.05)”
e1“soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
e2“resistance to the pathogen”
e3“caused by the fungus Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc. f. sp. glycines (FSG)”
Claim · model-written summary
Compaction did not significantly increase foliar SDS severity.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe2
- Treatment
- compaction treatmentse0
- Outcome
- foliar SDS severitye1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but not from compaction treatments”
e1“Significant increases in foliar SDS severity were observed from inoculation and irrigation treatments ( P < 0.05), but not from compaction treatments”
e2“soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
Claim · model-written summary
Placing inoculum near soybean seed produced the greatest foliar severity.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- placed inoculum close to the seede0
- Outcome
- foliar severitye0
- Direction
- greateste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The inoculation treatments that placed inoculum close to the seed resulted in the greatest foliar severity”
e1“soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation at mid to late reproductive stages significantly increased foliar SDS symptom development.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Organ / stage
- mid to late reproductive growth stagese0
- Treatment
- Irrigation treatmentse0
- Outcome
- SDS foliar symptom developmente0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Irrigation treatments during mid to late reproductive growth stages resulted in significant increases in SDS foliar symptom development”
e1“soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.