Abstract
Effects of invigoration with polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG) on the germination of seeds of eggplant, Cryptotaenia japonica and carrot were investigated. Each seeds were invigorated on blotting paper moistened with PEG solution of -7.5, -10.0, -11.8 and -17.7 bars. Treatment temperatures were 15°, 20° and 25°C. Treatment periods were 7 days and 14 days.1. Germination of seeds of eggplant, Cryptotaenia japonica and carrot were all accelerated by PEG invigoration. Especially, germination of eggplant seeds was much improved at low temperature of 15°C in both germination percentage and germination speed.2. Treatment temperature of 25°C was most effective for eggplant seeds among three temperatures tested. For Cryptotaenia japonica and carrot seeds, no difference was shown among three treatment temperatures.3. Fourteen day treatment period was more effective than 7 day period in eggplant and Cryptotaenia japonica seeds. In carrot seeds, it was oobserved only small difference between 7 day and 14 day treatment periods.4. Addition of 50ppm or 100ppm of gibberellin to the PEG solution much increased the effectiveness of invigoration in eggplant seeds.5. Dry stored seeds after invigoration showed no decrease of effectiveness after 7 days or 14 days of storage in eggplant and Cryptotaenia japonica when germinated on blotting paper. In carrot seeds, a little decrease was found in effectiveness after dry storage.6. In eggplant seeds, effect of invigoration was shown a little smaller in the sand test than in the blotting paper test, especially after dry storage, though effect of invigoration was significant.7. In eggplant, there was found as same the difference of growing days yet at the stage of four leaves as at the germination stage.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
PEG invigoration accelerated eggplant seed germination.
- Taxon
- eggplant
Solanum melongenae0 - Treatment
- PEG invigoratione0
- Outcome
- Germination of seedse0
- Direction
- acceleratede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germination of seeds of eggplant, Cryptotaenia japonica and carrot were all accelerated by PEG invigoration.”
Claim · model-written summary
PEG invigoration accelerated Cryptotaenia japonica seed germination.
- Taxon
- Cryptotaenia japonica
Cryptotaenia japonicae0 - Treatment
- PEG invigoratione0
- Outcome
- Germination of seedse0
- Direction
- acceleratede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germination of seeds of eggplant, Cryptotaenia japonica and carrot were all accelerated by PEG invigoration.”
Claim · model-written summary
PEG invigoration accelerated carrot seed germination.
- Taxon
- carrot
Daucus carotae0 - Treatment
- PEG invigoratione0
- Outcome
- Germination of seedse0
- Direction
- acceleratede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germination of seeds of eggplant, Cryptotaenia japonica and carrot were all accelerated by PEG invigoration.”
Claim · model-written summary
PEG improved eggplant germination percentage and speed at 15°C.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae0
- Outcome
- germination percentage and germination speede0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- low temperature of 15°Ce0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“germination of eggplant seeds was much improved at low temperature of 15°C in both germination percentage and germination speed.”
Claim · model-written summary
A treatment temperature of 25°C was most effective for eggplant seeds.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae0
- Treatment
- Treatment temperature of 25°Ce0
- Outcome
- most effectivee0
- Direction
- most effectivee0
- Comparator
- three temperatures testede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment temperature of 25°C was most effective for eggplant seeds among three temperatures tested.”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment temperature did not differ in effect for Cryptotaenia japonica seeds.
- Taxon
- Cryptotaenia japonicaCryptotaenia japonicae0
- Treatment
- treatment temperaturese0
- Outcome
- no differencee0
- Direction
- no differencee0
- Comparator
- three treatment temperaturese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For Cryptotaenia japonica and carrot seeds, no difference was shown among three treatment temperatures.”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment temperature did not differ in effect for carrot seeds.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotae0
- Treatment
- treatment temperaturese0
- Outcome
- no differencee0
- Direction
- no differencee0
- Comparator
- three treatment temperaturese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For Cryptotaenia japonica and carrot seeds, no difference was shown among three treatment temperatures.”
Claim · model-written summary
A 14 day treatment was more effective than 7 days for eggplant seeds.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae0
- Treatment
- Fourteen day treatment periode0
- Outcome
- more effectivee0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Comparator
- 7 day periode0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fourteen day treatment period was more effective than 7 day period in eggplant and Cryptotaenia japonica seeds.”
Claim · model-written summary
A 14 day treatment was more effective than 7 days for Cryptotaenia japonica seeds.
- Taxon
- Cryptotaenia japonicaCryptotaenia japonicae0
- Treatment
- Fourteen day treatment periode0
- Outcome
- more effectivee0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Comparator
- 7 day periode0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fourteen day treatment period was more effective than 7 day period in eggplant and Cryptotaenia japonica seeds.”
Claim · model-written summary
Carrot seeds showed only a small difference between 7 and 14 day treatments.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotae0
- Treatment
- 14 day treatment periodse0
- Outcome
- small differencee0
- Direction
- small differencee0
- Comparator
- 7 daye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In carrot seeds, it was oobserved only small difference between 7 day and 14 day treatment periods.”
Claim · model-written summary
Gibberellin addition increased PEG invigoration effectiveness in eggplant.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae0
- Treatment
- 50ppm or 100ppm of gibberellin to the PEG solutione0
- Outcome
- effectiveness of invigoratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of 50ppm or 100ppm of gibberellin to the PEG solution much increased the effectiveness of invigoration in eggplant seeds.”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry storage for 7 or 14 days did not diminish invigoration effectiveness in eggplant.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae0
- Treatment
- Dry stored seeds after invigoratione0
- Outcome
- effectivenesse0
- Direction
- no decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dry stored seeds after invigoration showed no decrease of effectiveness after 7 days or 14 days of storage in eggplant and Cryptotaenia japonica when germinated on blotting paper.”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry storage for 7 or 14 days did not diminish invigoration effectiveness in Cryptotaenia japonica.
- Taxon
- Cryptotaenia japonicaCryptotaenia japonicae0
- Treatment
- Dry stored seeds after invigoratione0
- Outcome
- effectivenesse0
- Direction
- no decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dry stored seeds after invigoration showed no decrease of effectiveness after 7 days or 14 days of storage in eggplant and Cryptotaenia japonica when germinated on blotting paper.”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry storage slightly reduced invigoration effectiveness in carrot.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotae0
- Treatment
- dry storagee0
- Outcome
- effectivenesse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In carrot seeds, a little decrease was found in effectiveness after dry storage.”
Claim · model-written summary
Eggplant invigoration was slightly less effective in sand than on blotting paper.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae0
- Treatment
- invigoratione0
- Outcome
- effect of invigoratione0
- Direction
- smallere0
- Comparator
- blotting paper teste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In eggplant seeds, effect of invigoration was shown a little smaller in the sand test than in the blotting paper test, especially after dry storage, though effect of invigoration was significant.”
Claim · model-written summary
The eggplant growth-day difference persisted to the four-leaf stage.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae0
- Outcome
- difference of growing dayse0
- Comparator
- germination stagee0
Not reportedTreatmentDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In eggplant, there was found as same the difference of growing days yet at the stage of four leaves as at the germination stage.”
The same questions in other papers
poly(ethylene glycol) · growth · Daucus carota (carrot)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.