Abstract
ABSTRACT Effects of three supplemental calcium (Ca++; 2.5, 5.0, and 10 mole m−3) concentrations on ion accumulation, transport, selectivity, and plant growth of salt-sensitive species, Brassica rapa ‘Sani’ in saline medium were investigated. Supplemental Ca++ in the presence of 125 mol m−3 sodium chloride (NaCl) did not improve the dry weight and leaf area indicating no role played by Ca++ in the alleviation of salinity induced growth inhibition. However, calcium chloride (CaCl2) did significantly affect sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), and Ca++ contents of roots and shoots. The ion contents of shoots were significantly greater than those of roots per g dry weight, indicating ion transportation to shoots is greater than ion accumulation in roots. Use of CaCl2 in 125 mol m−3 NaCl reduced the Na+ content but increased K+ and Ca++ contents in shoots. Sodium contents in shoots differed among the supplemental Ca++ treatments indicating the role of CaCl2 in Na+ ions transportation. Calcium content in shoots declined significantly in the control treatment (0 CaCl2) but increased significantly in 10 mol m−3 CaCl2. The root also showed the effects of Ca++ on the reduction of Na+ content and the increase of K+ and Ca++ content. Unexpectedly, 5 mol m−3 CaCl2 induced the highest Na+ content in roots at 16 days after treatment. Supplemental CaCl2 application influenced the K+ or Ca++ selectivity over Na+ in two ways, ion accumulation at roots and transport to shoots. However, high CaCl2 treatments allowed greater Ca++ selectivity over Na+ than low CaCl2. Likewise, high supplemental CaCl2 showed higher K+ selectivity over Na+ than low CaCl2. A marked increase in K+ versus Na+ selectivity for the transport process occurred at 10 mol m−3 CaCl2 treatments. The roots and shoots exhibited higher K+/Na+ and Ca++/Na+ ratios in high CaCl2 treatment than in low. The results are discussed in context to supplemental Ca++ concentrations, ions accumulation, transportation and selectivity of salt sensitive Brassica rapa cultivar.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Supplemental Ca++ did not improve dry weight or leaf area of Brassica rapa under 125 mM NaCl
- Taxon
- Brassica rapa
Brassica rapae0 - Treatment
- Supplemental Ca++e1
- Outcome
- dry weight and leaf areae1
- Direction
- did not improvee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Brassica rapa ‘Sani’ in saline medium”
e1“Supplemental Ca++ in the presence of 125 mol m−3 sodium chloride (NaCl) did not improve the dry weight and leaf area”
Claim · model-written summary
CaCl2 reduced the Na+ content in shoots of Brassica rapa under NaCl
- Taxon
- Brassica rapaBrassica rapae0
- Organ / stage
- shootse2
- Treatment
- Use of CaCl2e2
- Outcome
- Na+ contente2
- Direction
- reducede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Brassica rapa ‘Sani’ in saline medium”
e2“Use of CaCl2 in 125 mol m−3 NaCl reduced the Na+ content but increased K+ and Ca++ contents in shoots”
Claim · model-written summary
CaCl2 increased the K+ and Ca++ contents in shoots of Brassica rapa under NaCl
- Taxon
- Brassica rapaBrassica rapae0
- Organ / stage
- shootse2
- Treatment
- Use of CaCl2e2
- Outcome
- K+ and Ca++ contentse2
- Direction
- increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Brassica rapa ‘Sani’ in saline medium”
e2“Use of CaCl2 in 125 mol m−3 NaCl reduced the Na+ content but increased K+ and Ca++ contents in shoots”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot calcium content of Brassica rapa declined significantly in the control without CaCl2
- Taxon
- Brassica rapaBrassica rapae0
- Outcome
- Calcium content in shootse3
- Direction
- declinede3
- Qualifier
- control treatment (0 CaCl2)e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Brassica rapa ‘Sani’ in saline medium”
e3“Calcium content in shoots declined significantly in the control treatment (0 CaCl2) but increased significantly in 10 mol m−3 CaCl2”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot calcium content of Brassica rapa increased significantly at 10 mM CaCl2
- Taxon
- Brassica rapaBrassica rapae0
- Outcome
- Calcium content in shootse3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Qualifier
- 10 mol m−3 CaCl2e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Brassica rapa ‘Sani’ in saline medium”
e3“Calcium content in shoots declined significantly in the control treatment (0 CaCl2) but increased significantly in 10 mol m−3 CaCl2”
Claim · model-written summary
The 5 mM CaCl2 treatment gave the highest Na+ content in roots at 16 days
- Taxon
- Brassica rapaBrassica rapae0
- Organ / stage
- rootse4
- Treatment
- 5 mol m−3 CaCl2e4
- Outcome
- Na+ content in rootse4
- Direction
- higheste4
- Qualifier
- at 16 days after treatmente4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Brassica rapa ‘Sani’ in saline medium”
e4“5 mol m−3 CaCl2 induced the highest Na+ content in roots at 16 days after treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Supplemental Ca++ reduced the Na+ content in roots of Brassica rapa
- Taxon
- Brassica rapaBrassica rapae0
- Organ / stage
- roote5
- Outcome
- Na+ contente5
- Direction
- reductione5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Brassica rapa ‘Sani’ in saline medium”
e5“The root also showed the effects of Ca++ on the reduction of Na+ content and the increase of K+ and Ca++ content”
Claim · model-written summary
Supplemental Ca++ increased the K+ and Ca++ contents in roots of Brassica rapa
- Taxon
- Brassica rapaBrassica rapae0
- Organ / stage
- roote5
- Outcome
- K+ and Ca++ contente5
- Direction
- increasee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Brassica rapa ‘Sani’ in saline medium”
e5“The root also showed the effects of Ca++ on the reduction of Na+ content and the increase of K+ and Ca++ content”
Claim · model-written summary
High CaCl2 gave greater Ca++ selectivity over Na+ than low CaCl2 in Brassica rapa
- Taxon
- Brassica rapaBrassica rapae0
- Treatment
- high CaCl2 treatmentse6
- Outcome
- Ca++ selectivity over Na+e6
- Direction
- greatere6
- Comparator
- low CaCl2e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Brassica rapa ‘Sani’ in saline medium”
e6“high CaCl2 treatments allowed greater Ca++ selectivity over Na+ than low CaCl2”
Claim · model-written summary
High supplemental CaCl2 gave higher K+ selectivity over Na+ than low CaCl2 in Brassica rapa
- Taxon
- Brassica rapaBrassica rapae0
- Treatment
- high supplemental CaCl2e7
- Outcome
- K+ selectivity over Na+e7
- Direction
- highere7
- Comparator
- low CaCl2e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Brassica rapa ‘Sani’ in saline medium”
e7“high supplemental CaCl2 showed higher K+ selectivity over Na+ than low CaCl2”
Claim · model-written summary
K+ versus Na+ selectivity for transport increased at 10 mM CaCl2 in Brassica rapa
- Taxon
- Brassica rapaBrassica rapae0
- Treatment
- 10 mol m−3 CaCl2e1
- Outcome
- K+ versus Na+ selectivitye1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Qualifier
- for the transport processe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Brassica rapa ‘Sani’ in saline medium”
e1“A marked increase in K+ versus Na+ selectivity for the transport process occurred at 10 mol m−3 CaCl2 treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
High CaCl2 gave higher K+/Na+ and Ca++/Na+ ratios in roots and shoots than low CaCl2
- Taxon
- Brassica rapaBrassica rapae0
- Organ / stage
- roots and shootse2
- Treatment
- high CaCl2 treatmente2
- Outcome
- K+/Na+ and Ca++/Na+ ratiose2
- Direction
- highere2
- Comparator
- lowe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Brassica rapa ‘Sani’ in saline medium”
e2“The roots and shoots exhibited higher K+/Na+ and Ca++/Na+ ratios in high CaCl2 treatment than in low”
The same questions in other papers
calcium atom · growth · Brassica rapa (field mustard)Results differ
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
- positive
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7 papers more in this group
See all 11 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.