Abstract
During arching cultivation of roses in autumn and winter, long-day treatment using fluorescent lamps placed above the base of the plants slightly increased the number of cut flowers and also tended to increase the cut flower length in the first year. To further investigate these effects, the light condition of assimilation shoots was modified by supplemental lighting using white light-emitting diodes (LEDs) placed above the assimilation shoots. Supplemental lighting at two different levels of photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD), 100 and 250 μmol m−2 s−1, increased the number of cut flowers from the middle portion of the assimilation shoots, and the total number and weight of cut flowers according to the light intensity. Irradiation at 250 μmol m−2 s−1 PPFD also increased the number of cut flowers over 80 cm long and the length, weight and stem diameter of cut flowers over 60 cm long. Long-day treatment using fluorescent lamps did not affect the number of cut flowers in the second year. These results indicate that long-day treatment using fluorescent lamps can effectively increase the yield of cut rose flowers in some years, while supplemental lighting using white LEDs for assimilation shoots is a method of increasing it more strongly.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Long-day treatment with fluorescent lamps slightly increased the number of cut roses in the first year of arching cultivation in autumn and winter.
- Taxon
- rosese0
- Treatment
- long-day treatment using fluorescent lampse0
- Outcome
- number of cut flowerse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- in the first yeare0
- Setting
- autumn and wintere0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“During arching cultivation of roses in autumn and winter, long-day treatment using fluorescent lamps placed above the base of the plants slightly increased the number of cut flowers and also tended to increase the cut flower length in the first year.”
Claim · model-written summary
Long-day treatment with fluorescent lamps tended to increase cut flower length in the first year.
- Taxon
- rosese0
- Treatment
- long-day treatment using fluorescent lampse0
- Outcome
- cut flower lengthe0
- Direction
- tended to increasee0
- Qualifier
- in the first yeare0
- Setting
- autumn and wintere0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“During arching cultivation of roses in autumn and winter, long-day treatment using fluorescent lamps placed above the base of the plants slightly increased the number of cut flowers and also tended to increase the cut flower length in the first year.”
Claim · model-written summary
Supplemental white LED lighting at 100 and 250 μmol m−2 s−1 PPFD increased the number of cut flowers from the middle portion of the assimilation shoots.
- Taxon
- rosese0
- Treatment
- supplemental lighting using white light-emitting diodes (LEDs)e2
- Outcome
- number of cut flowers from the middle portion of the assimilation shootse1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- 100 and 250 μmol m−2 s−1e1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“During arching cultivation of roses in autumn and winter”
e1“Supplemental lighting at two different levels of photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD), 100 and 250 μmol m−2 s−1, increased the number of cut flowers from the middle portion of the assimilation shoots, and the total number and weight of cut flowers according to the light intensity.”
e2“supplemental lighting using white light-emitting diodes (LEDs) placed above the assimilation shoots”
Claim · model-written summary
Supplemental white LED lighting increased the total number and weight of cut flowers, according to the light intensity.
- Taxon
- rosese0
- Treatment
- supplemental lighting using white light-emitting diodes (LEDs)e2
- Outcome
- total number and weight of cut flowerse1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- according to the light intensitye1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“During arching cultivation of roses in autumn and winter”
e1“Supplemental lighting at two different levels of photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD), 100 and 250 μmol m−2 s−1, increased the number of cut flowers from the middle portion of the assimilation shoots, and the total number and weight of cut flowers according to the light intensity.”
e2“supplemental lighting using white light-emitting diodes (LEDs) placed above the assimilation shoots”
Claim · model-written summary
Irradiation at 250 μmol m−2 s−1 PPFD increased the number of cut flowers over 80 cm long.
- Taxon
- rosese0
- Treatment
- Irradiation at 250 μmol m−2 s−1 PPFDe3
- Outcome
- number of cut flowers over 80 cm longe3
- Direction
- increasede3
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“During arching cultivation of roses in autumn and winter”
e3“Irradiation at 250 μmol m−2 s−1 PPFD also increased the number of cut flowers over 80 cm long and the length, weight and stem diameter of cut flowers over 60 cm long.”
Claim · model-written summary
Irradiation at 250 μmol m−2 s−1 PPFD increased the length, weight and stem diameter of cut flowers over 60 cm long.
- Taxon
- rosese0
- Treatment
- Irradiation at 250 μmol m−2 s−1 PPFDe3
- Outcome
- length, weight and stem diameter of cut flowers over 60 cm longe3
- Direction
- increasede3
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“During arching cultivation of roses in autumn and winter”
e3“Irradiation at 250 μmol m−2 s−1 PPFD also increased the number of cut flowers over 80 cm long and the length, weight and stem diameter of cut flowers over 60 cm long.”
Claim · model-written summary
Long-day treatment with fluorescent lamps did not affect the number of cut flowers in the second year.
- Taxon
- rosese0
- Treatment
- Long-day treatment using fluorescent lampse4
- Outcome
- number of cut flowerse4
- Direction
- did not affecte4
- Qualifier
- in the second yeare4
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“During arching cultivation of roses in autumn and winter”
e4“Long-day treatment using fluorescent lamps did not affect the number of cut flowers in the second year.”
Claim · model-written summary
Supplemental lighting with white LEDs is a method of increasing the yield of cut roses more strongly than long-day treatment with fluorescent lamps.
Verbatim
e0“During arching cultivation of roses in autumn and winter”
e5“These results indicate that long-day treatment using fluorescent lamps can effectively increase the yield of cut rose flowers in some years, while supplemental lighting using white LEDs for assimilation shoots is a method of increasing it more strongly.”
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