Abstract
We conducted a study to determine whether increased starch accumulation is the cause or the result of decreased growth in phosphorus‐deficient soybean plants ( Glycine max [L.] Merr. cv. Ransom). Nitrate‐dependent plants were provided with nutrient solution containing either 0.05 or 1.00 m M phosphorus. On day 22 after transplanting the phosphorus concentration in solutions supplied to one‐half of the plants that had received 0.05 m M phosphorus was increased to 1.0 m M phosphorus and the phosphorus concentration in solutions supplied to plants that had received 1.0 m M phosphorus was decreased to 0.05 m M P. The other half of plants in each treatment remained at the same external phosphorus concentration to serve as phosphorus‐deficient or phosphorus‐sufficient controls. Onset of phosphorus deficiency decreased (1) photosynthetic capacity through negative effects on whole plant leaf area and photosynthetic rate per unit leaf area and (2) relative growth rate and leaf elongation rate. However, continuous increases in starch concentration in all organs during onset of phosphorus deficiency indicated that decreased nonstructural carbohydrate availability was not the primary cause of decreased growth. During onset of phosphorus deficiency, significant decreases in relative growth rate (3–8‐day interval) and in day and night leaf elongation rate (8 days) occurred before or at the same time as significant increases in stem, leaf and root starch concentrations. These results support the conclusion that disruption of metabolic functions associated with growth impaired utilization of available nonstructural carbohydrate in plants adjusting to phosphorus deficiency. After phosphorus‐deficient plants were transferred to the sufficient external phosphorus concentration, starch concentrations in leaves and stems decreased to those of phosphorus‐sufficient control plants within 3 days. These decreases in starch concentration in leaves and stems preceded measurable changes in relative growth rate (3–8‐day interval), day and night leaf elongation rate (8 days) or CO 2 exchange rate (8 days). Therefore, when soybean plants recover from phosphorus deficiency, starch stored in leaves and stems is ready to be utilized in the synthesis of structural biomass during the time required for activation and/or development of additional photosynthetic capacity.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus deficiency decreased photosynthetic capacity through leaf area and photosynthetic rate.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe1 - Treatment
- phosphorus deficiencye0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic capacitye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Onset of phosphorus deficiency decreased (1) photosynthetic capacity through negative effects on whole plant leaf area and photosynthetic rate per unit leaf area”
e1“soybean plants ( Glycine max [L.] Merr. cv. Ransom)”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus deficiency decreased relative growth and leaf elongation rates.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- phosphorus deficiencye0
- Outcome
- relative growth rate and leaf elongation ratee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Onset of phosphorus deficiency decreased (1) photosynthetic capacity through negative effects on whole plant leaf area and photosynthetic rate per unit leaf area and (2) relative growth rate and leaf elongation rate.”
e1“soybean plants ( Glycine max [L.] Merr. cv. Ransom)”
Claim · model-written summary
Starch concentrations rose in all organs as phosphorus deficiency began.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- phosphorus deficiencye0
- Outcome
- starch concentration in all organse0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“continuous increases in starch concentration in all organs during onset of phosphorus deficiency”
e1“soybean plants ( Glycine max [L.] Merr. cv. Ransom)”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth and elongation fell before or with starch increases.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Organ / stage
- stem, leaf and roote0
- Outcome
- relative growth rate (3–8‐day interval) and in day and night leaf elongation rate (8 days)e0
- Direction
- decreasese0
- Qualifier
- before or at the same time as significant increases in stem, leaf and root starch concentrationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant decreases in relative growth rate (3–8‐day interval) and in day and night leaf elongation rate (8 days) occurred before or at the same time as significant increases in stem, leaf and root starch concentrations”
e1“soybean plants ( Glycine max [L.] Merr. cv. Ransom)”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth related metabolism appeared to limit use of available carbohydrate under phosphorus deficiency.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Outcome
- utilization of available nonstructural carbohydratee0
- Qualifier
- disruption of metabolic functions associated with growthe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“disruption of metabolic functions associated with growth impaired utilization of available nonstructural carbohydrate in plants adjusting to phosphorus deficiency”
e1“soybean plants ( Glycine max [L.] Merr. cv. Ransom)”
Claim · model-written summary
Restoring phosphorus reduced leaf and stem starch to sufficient controls within three days.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- transferred to the sufficient external phosphorus concentratione0
- Outcome
- starch concentrations in leaves and stemse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 3 dayse0
- Comparator
- phosphorus‐sufficient control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After phosphorus‐deficient plants were transferred to the sufficient external phosphorus concentration, starch concentrations in leaves and stems decreased to those of phosphorus‐sufficient control plants within 3 days.”
e1“soybean plants ( Glycine max [L.] Merr. cv. Ransom)”
Claim · model-written summary
Starch depletion preceded measurable growth, elongation and carbon exchange changes after phosphorus restoration.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Outcome
- decreases in starch concentration in leaves and stems preceded measurable changes in relative growth rate (3–8‐day interval), day and night leaf elongation rate (8 days) or CO 2 exchange rate (8 days)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These decreases in starch concentration in leaves and stems preceded measurable changes in relative growth rate (3–8‐day interval), day and night leaf elongation rate (8 days) or CO 2 exchange rate (8 days).”
e1“soybean plants ( Glycine max [L.] Merr. cv. Ransom)”
Claim · model-written summary
Stored starch in recovering soybean was available for structural biomass synthesis while photosynthetic capacity developed.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Outcome
- synthesis of structural biomasse0
- Qualifier
- starch stored in leaves and stemse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“starch stored in leaves and stems is ready to be utilized in the synthesis of structural biomass during the time required for activation and/or development of additional photosynthetic capacity”
e1“soybean plants ( Glycine max [L.] Merr. cv. Ransom)”
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This paper is about lacking the nutrient, so it counts the other way round here.
- negative
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See all 146 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.