Abstract
The effect of the application of acidified porous hydrate calcium silicate (APS) in nursery bed soil and porous hydrate calcium silicate (PS) in paddy fields on the growth of rice plants (Oryza sativa L. cv. Hitomebore) was examined in 2002 and 2003. The results revealed the following: 1) Shoot dry weight of rice seedlings increased by APS treatment in nursery bed soil. The tiller number of rice plants after transplanting in both years also increased by APS treatment in nursery bed soil, and in 2003, the tiller number in the treatment with a combination of APS in nursery bed soil and PS in paddy fields was significantly higher than that in the other treatments until the maximum tiller number stage. Furthermore, the root length of rice plants 14 d after transplanting increased by APS treatment in nursery bed soil. 2) Silicon concentration in the soil solution significantly increased by PS treatment in paddy fields, and the concentration of dissolved carbon oxide increased by APS treatment in nursery bed soil. 3) Only in the APS treatment the rice yield was 341 g m−2, while 400 and 450 g m−2 in the PS and both APS and PS treatments, respectively, in 2003. Percentages of ripened grains in the plots without PS treatment ranged from 57 to 63%, respectively, while, those in the PS treated plots were 82%. The numbers of panicles and ripened grains in both APS and PS treatments were the highest among the treatments. Based on the above results, we concluded that both APS in nursery bed soil and PS in paddy field treatments were effective in improving the silicon nutrition and growth of rice plants, and that this effect was enhanced by a combination of treatments with the two.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
APS increased seedling shoot dry weight.
- Taxon
- rice seedlings
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- APS treatment in nursery bed soile0
- Outcome
- Shoot dry weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shoot dry weight of rice seedlings increased by APS treatment in nursery bed soil”
Claim · model-written summary
APS increased rice tiller number after transplanting in both years.
- Taxon
- rice plantsOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- APS treatment in nursery bed soile0
- Outcome
- tiller numbere0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The tiller number of rice plants after transplanting in both years also increased by APS treatment in nursery bed soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined APS and PS significantly raised tiller number above other treatments in 2003.
- Taxon
- Rice PlantsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- a combination of APS in nursery bed soil and PS in paddy fieldse0
- Outcome
- tiller numbere0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- the other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in 2003, the tiller number in the treatment with a combination of APS in nursery bed soil and PS in paddy fields was significantly higher than that in the other treatments until the maximum tiller number stage”
t0“Rice Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
APS increased rice root length 14 days after transplanting.
- Taxon
- rice plantsOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- APS treatment in nursery bed soile0
- Outcome
- root lengthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- 14 d after transplantinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the root length of rice plants 14 d after transplanting increased by APS treatment in nursery bed soil”
Claim · model-written summary
PS significantly increased soil solution silicon concentration.
- Taxon
- Rice PlantsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- PS treatment in paddy fieldse0
- Outcome
- Silicon concentration in the soil solutione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Silicon concentration in the soil solution significantly increased by PS treatment in paddy fields”
t0“Rice Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
APS increased dissolved carbon oxide in nursery soil.
- Taxon
- Rice PlantsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- APS treatment in nursery bed soile0
- Outcome
- concentration of dissolved carbon oxidee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the concentration of dissolved carbon oxide increased by APS treatment in nursery bed soil”
t0“Rice Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
APS alone produced 341 g m−2 of rice yield in 2003.
- Taxon
- Rice PlantsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- APS treatmente0
- Outcome
- rice yielde0
- Value
- 341 g m−2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Only in the APS treatment the rice yield was 341 g m−2”
t0“Rice Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
PS alone produced 400 g m−2 of rice yield in 2003.
- Taxon
- Rice PlantsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- PSe0
- Outcome
- rice yielde1
- Value
- 400e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while 400 and 450 g m−2 in the PS and both APS and PS treatments, respectively”
t0“Rice Plants”
e1“the rice yield was 341 g m−2”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined APS and PS produced 450 g m−2 of rice yield in 2003.
- Taxon
- Rice PlantsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- both APS and PS treatmentse0
- Outcome
- rice yielde1
- Value
- 450 g m−2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while 400 and 450 g m−2 in the PS and both APS and PS treatments, respectively”
t0“Rice Plants”
e1“the rice yield was 341 g m−2”
Claim · model-written summary
Without PS, ripened grain percentages ranged from 57 to 63%.
- Taxon
- Rice PlantsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- without PS treatmente0
- Outcome
- Percentages of ripened grainse0
- Value
- 57 to 63%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Percentages of ripened grains in the plots without PS treatment ranged from 57 to 63%”
t0“Rice Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
With PS, ripened grain percentage was 82%.
- Taxon
- Rice PlantsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- PS treated plotse0
- Outcome
- Percentages of ripened grainse1
- Value
- 82%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“those in the PS treated plots were 82%”
e1“Percentages of ripened grains in the plots without PS treatment”
t0“Rice Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined APS and PS gave the highest panicle and ripened grain numbers.
- Taxon
- Rice PlantsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- both APS and PS treatmentse0
- Outcome
- numbers of panicles and ripened grainse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- the treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The numbers of panicles and ripened grains in both APS and PS treatments were the highest among the treatments”
t0“Rice Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors concluded that APS and PS improved rice silicon nutrition and growth, especially in combination.
- Taxon
- rice plantsOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- both APS in nursery bed soil and PS in paddy field treatmentse0
- Qualifier
- enhanced by a combination of treatments with the twoe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“both APS in nursery bed soil and PS in paddy field treatments were effective in improving the silicon nutrition and growth of rice plants, and that this effect was enhanced by a combination of treatments with the two”
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