Abstract
Early changes in physiological and oxidative status induced by salt stress were monitored in two Brassicaceae plants differing in their tolerance to salinity, Cakile maritima (halophyte) and Arabidopsis thaliana (glycophyte). Growth response and antioxidant defense of C. maritima under 400 mM NaCl were compared with those of A. thaliana exposed to 100 mM NaCl. Salinity induced early growth reduction that is less pronounced in C. maritima than in A. thaliana. Maximum hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) level occurred in the leaves of both species 4 h after the onset of salt treatment. A rapid decline in H₂O₂ concentration was observed thereafter in C. maritima, whereas it remained high in A. thaliana. Correlatively, superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase activities increased at 4 h of treatment in C. maritima and decreased thereafter. However, the activity of these enzymes remained higher in treated plants than that in controls, regardless of the duration of treatment, in A. thaliana. The concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) reached maximum values at 24 h of salt stress in both species. Again, MDA levels decreased later in C. maritima, but remained high in A. thaliana. The contents of α-tocopherol remained constant during salt stress in C. maritima and decreased during the first 24 h of salt stress and then remained low in A. thaliana. The results clearly showed that C. maritima, in contrast to A. thaliana, can rapidly evolve physiological and antioxidant mechanisms to adapt to salt and manage the oxidative stress. This may explain, at least partially, the difference in salt tolerance between halophytes and glycophytes.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Salt reduced growth less in C. maritima than in A. thaliana.
- Taxon
- C. maritima
.jpg?width=60)
Cakile maritimae0 - Treatment
- Salinitye0
- Outcome
- growth reductione0
- Direction
- less pronouncede0
- Comparator
- A. thalianae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Salinity induced early growth reduction that is less pronounced in C. maritima than in A. thaliana.”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf hydrogen peroxide peaked four hours after salt onset in both species.
- Taxon
- Cakile maritima (halophyte) and Arabidopsis thaliana (glycophyte)
Arabidopsis thalianaCakile maritimat0 - Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Outcome
- hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) levele0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 4 he0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) level occurred in the leaves of both species 4 h after the onset of salt treatment.”
t0“Cakile maritima (halophyte) and Arabidopsis thaliana (glycophyte)”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydrogen peroxide then declined rapidly in C. maritima.
- Taxon
- C. maritimaCakile maritimae0
- Outcome
- H₂O₂ concentratione0
- Direction
- rapid declinee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A rapid decline in H₂O₂ concentration was observed thereafter in C. maritima, whereas it remained high in A. thaliana.”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydrogen peroxide remained high in A. thaliana.
- Taxon
- A. thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Outcome
- H₂O₂ concentratione0
- Direction
- remained highe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A rapid decline in H₂O₂ concentration was observed thereafter in C. maritima, whereas it remained high in A. thaliana.”
Claim · model-written summary
Superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase activities rose at four hours then fell in C. maritima.
- Taxon
- C. maritimaCakile maritimae0
- Outcome
- superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase activitiese0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- decreased thereaftere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase activities increased at 4 h of treatment in C. maritima and decreased thereafter.”
Claim · model-written summary
Those enzyme activities remained above controls in treated A. thaliana.
- Taxon
- A. thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Treatment
- treated plantse0
- Outcome
- activity of these enzymese0
- Direction
- remained highere0
- Comparator
- controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the activity of these enzymes remained higher in treated plants than that in controls, regardless of the duration of treatment, in A. thaliana.”
Claim · model-written summary
Malondialdehyde peaked after 24 hours of salt stress in both species.
- Taxon
- Cakile maritima (halophyte) and Arabidopsis thaliana (glycophyte)Arabidopsis thalianaCakile maritimat0
- Outcome
- concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA)e0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 24 he0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) reached maximum values at 24 h of salt stress in both species.”
t0“Cakile maritima (halophyte) and Arabidopsis thaliana (glycophyte)”
Claim · model-written summary
MDA later fell in C. maritima.
- Taxon
- C. maritimaCakile maritimae0
- Outcome
- MDA levelse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MDA levels decreased later in C. maritima, but remained high in A. thaliana.”
Claim · model-written summary
MDA remained high in A. thaliana.
- Taxon
- A. thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Outcome
- MDA levelse0
- Direction
- remained highe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MDA levels decreased later in C. maritima, but remained high in A. thaliana.”
Claim · model-written summary
Alpha tocopherol remained constant under salt stress in C. maritima.
- Taxon
- C. maritimaCakile maritimae0
- Outcome
- contents of α-tocopherole0
- Direction
- remained constante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The contents of α-tocopherol remained constant during salt stress in C. maritima and decreased during the first 24 h of salt stress and then remained low in A. thaliana.”
Claim · model-written summary
Alpha tocopherol fell during the first 24 hours and remained low in A. thaliana.
- Taxon
- A. thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Outcome
- contents of α-tocopherole0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- then remained lowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The contents of α-tocopherol remained constant during salt stress in C. maritima and decreased during the first 24 h of salt stress and then remained low in A. thaliana.”
The same questions in other papers
salinity · growth · Cakile maritima (European searocket)Positive and negative results
5 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.