Abstract
The sulfolipid sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol is one of the three nonphosphorous glycolipids that provide the bulk of the structural lipids in photosynthetic membranes of seed plants. Unlike the galactolipids, sulfolipid is anionic at physiological pH because of its 6-deoxy-6-sulfonate-glucose (sulfoquinovose) head group. The biosynthesis of this lipid proceeds in two steps: first, the assembly of UDP-sulfoquinovose from UDP-glucose and sulfite, and second, the transfer of the sulfoquinovose moiety from UDP-sulfoquinovose to diacylglycerol. The first reaction is catalyzed by the SQD1 protein in Arabidopsis. Here we describe the identification of the SQD2 gene of Arabidopsis. We propose that this gene encodes the sulfoquinovosyltransferase catalyzing the second step of sulfolipid biosynthesis. Expression of SQD1 and SQD2 in Escherichia coli reconstituted plant sulfolipid biosynthesis in this bacterium. Insertion of a transfer DNA into this gene in Arabidopsis led to complete lack of sulfolipid in the respective sqd2 mutant. This mutant showed reduced growth under phosphate-limited growth conditions. The results support the hypothesis that sulfolipid can function as a substitute of anionic phospholipids under phosphate-limited growth conditions. Along with phosphatidylglycerol, sulfolipid contributes to maintaining a negatively charged lipid-water interface, which presumably is required for proper function of photosynthetic membranes.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
The SQD2 gene of Arabidopsis was identified.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise0 - Gene
- SQD2e0
- Outcome
- identification of the SQD2 genee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“identification of the SQD2 gene of Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
SQD2 was proposed to encode the transferase for the second step of sulfolipid biosynthesis.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- this genee0
- Outcome
- sulfolipid biosynthesise0
- Qualifier
- sulfoquinovosyltransferase catalyzing the second stepe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this gene encodes the sulfoquinovosyltransferase catalyzing the second step of sulfolipid biosynthesis”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Expression of SQD1 and SQD2 reconstituted plant sulfolipid biosynthesis in Escherichia coli.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- Expression of SQD1 and SQD2 in Escherichia colie0
- Gene
- SQD1 and SQD2e0
- Outcome
- plant sulfolipid biosynthesise0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Expression of SQD1 and SQD2 in Escherichia coli reconstituted plant sulfolipid biosynthesis in this bacterium”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Transfer DNA insertion in SQD2 caused complete absence of sulfolipid in the Arabidopsis sqd2 mutant.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Material
- sqd2 mutante0
- Treatment
- Insertion of a transfer DNA into this genee0
- Outcome
- complete lack of sulfolipide0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Insertion of a transfer DNA into this gene in Arabidopsis led to complete lack of sulfolipid in the respective sqd2 mutant”
Claim · model-written summary
The sqd2 mutant grew less under phosphate-limited conditions.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- This mutante0
- Treatment
- phosphate-limited growth conditionse0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- reducede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This mutant showed reduced growth under phosphate-limited growth conditions”
t0“Arabidopsis”
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