Abstract
Abstract The metabolic consequences of long‐term carbohydrate depletion have been well documented in many sink organs but not extensively in fruit. Therefore, in the present study the response to sugar limitation in tomato fruit ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) was investigated at two developmental stages; during the cell division and cell expansion phases. First, the response in excised fruit cultured in vitro was characterized. Sugar depletion caused an arrest of growth and an exhaustion of carbon reserves. The proteins that were degraded and the nitrogen released was transiently stored as asparagine and glutamine in both developmental stages and also as γ ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) in expanding fruit. Fruit at the cell division stage appeared to be more sensitive to sugar limitation. The response to sugar depletion was then characterized in fruit from plants submitted to extended darkness. In planta , the effects of sugar‐limitation were similar to those described in vitro but much more attenuated, especially in expanding fruit, which still accumulated dry matter. The expression of cell cycle genes, sugar‐ and nitrogen‐related genes was reduced by darkness. Only asparagine synthetase gene expression was induced in both dark‐treated fruit. Together the present data revealed that the effects of the carbon limitation are more pronounced in the youngest fruits as it is probably controlled by the relative sink strength of the fruit.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Sugar depletion arrested fruit growth.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- Sugar depletione0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- arreste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sugar depletion caused an arrest of growth and an exhaustion of carbon reserves.”
t0“tomato fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Sugar depletion exhausted carbon reserves.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Sugar depletione0
- Outcome
- carbon reservese0
- Direction
- exhaustione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sugar depletion caused an arrest of growth and an exhaustion of carbon reserves.”
t0“tomato fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Released nitrogen was transiently stored as asparagine and glutamine in both stages.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- both developmental stagese0
- Outcome
- transiently stored as asparagine and glutaminee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The proteins that were degraded and the nitrogen released was transiently stored as asparagine and glutamine in both developmental stages and also as γ ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) in expanding fruit.”
t0“tomato fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Released nitrogen was also transiently stored as GABA in expanding fruit.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- expanding fruite0
- Outcome
- γ ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The proteins that were degraded and the nitrogen released was transiently stored as asparagine and glutamine in both developmental stages and also as γ ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) in expanding fruit.”
t0“tomato fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit at cell division appeared more sensitive to sugar limitation.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- cell division stagee0
- Outcome
- more sensitive to sugar limitatione0
- Direction
- moree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fruit at the cell division stage appeared to be more sensitive to sugar limitation.”
t0“tomato fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Sugar limitation effects in planta were attenuated relative to in vitro fruit.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- effects of sugar‐limitatione0
- Direction
- more attenuatede0
- Comparator
- in vitroe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In planta , the effects of sugar‐limitation were similar to those described in vitro but much more attenuated, especially in expanding fruit, which still accumulated dry matter.”
t0“tomato fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Expanding fruit under sugar limitation in planta still accumulated dry matter.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- expanding fruite0
- Outcome
- accumulated dry mattere0
- Direction
- accumulatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In planta , the effects of sugar‐limitation were similar to those described in vitro but much more attenuated, especially in expanding fruit, which still accumulated dry matter.”
t0“tomato fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Darkness reduced expression of cell cycle, sugar and nitrogen related genes.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- darknesse0
- Outcome
- expression of cell cycle genes, sugar‐ and nitrogen‐related genese0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The expression of cell cycle genes, sugar‐ and nitrogen‐related genes was reduced by darkness.”
t0“tomato fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Asparagine synthetase gene expression was induced in dark treated fruit.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- dark‐treatede0
- Gene
- asparagine synthetasee0
- Outcome
- asparagine synthetase gene expressione0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Only asparagine synthetase gene expression was induced in both dark‐treated fruit.”
t0“tomato fruit”
The same questions in other papers
light · molecular: expression · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 17 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
21 papers more in this group
See all 25 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.