Abstract
Abstract The European corn borer (ECB), Ostrinia nubilalis Hb., is a major pest of maize in central Europe and promotes the infection of maize with Fusarium spp. In this study, transgenic Bt maize hybrids were compared with their isogenic counterparts, and with commercial hybrids from the recommended list with regard to their level of ECB resistance and their concentration of deoxynivalenol (DON), its 15‐acetyl (15‐A‐DON) and 3‐acetyl (3‐A‐DON) derivatives, nivalenol (NIV), fusarenon‐X (FUS‐X), fumonisins (FUM), and zearalenon (ZEN) in harvested grains. The field experiments were performed in Germany at four locations in 1999 and at five locations in 2000. Transgenic Bt hybrids showed significantly lower means than their corresponding isogenic counterparts and than commercial hybrids for all resistance traits: damage rating of stalks, number of larvae per plant, number of larvae per ear, and percentage of damaged plants or ears under infestation. Among all mycotoxins analysed, DON consistently showed the highest concentration across all year × location combinations. Mycotoxin concentrations varied significantly between locations, years and genotypes, whereas mycotoxin concentrations were not significantly different between infested and protected plots. Associations between ECB resistance traits and mycotoxin concentrations were not consistent across years. It is concluded that under central European conditions, the use of Bt maize hybrids will only slightly reduce the contamination of maize kernels with mycotoxins produced by Fusarium spp.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Transgenic Bt hybrids had lower damage rating of stalks and larvae per plant and per ear than their isogenic counterparts.
- Treatment
- Transgenic Bt hybridse1
- Interactor
- European corn borer
Ostrinia nubilalise0pest - Outcome
- damage rating of stalks, number of larvae per plant, number of larvae per eare1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Comparator
- isogenic counterpartse1
- Setting
- Germanye2
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The European corn borer (ECB), Ostrinia nubilalis Hb., is a major pest of maize in central Europe”
e1“Transgenic Bt hybrids showed significantly lower means than their corresponding isogenic counterparts and than commercial hybrids for all resistance traits: damage rating of stalks, number of larvae per plant, number of larvae per ear, and percentage of damaged plants or ears under infestation”
e2“The field experiments were performed in Germany at four locations in 1999 and at five locations in 2000”
Claim · model-written summary
Transgenic Bt hybrids had a lower percentage of damaged plants or ears than their isogenic counterparts under infestation.
- Treatment
- Transgenic Bt hybridse1
- Interactor
- European corn borerOstrinia nubilalise0pest
- Outcome
- percentage of damaged plants or earse1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Qualifier
- under infestatione1
- Comparator
- isogenic counterpartse1
- Setting
- Germanye2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The European corn borer (ECB), Ostrinia nubilalis Hb., is a major pest of maize in central Europe”
e1“Transgenic Bt hybrids showed significantly lower means than their corresponding isogenic counterparts and than commercial hybrids for all resistance traits: damage rating of stalks, number of larvae per plant, number of larvae per ear, and percentage of damaged plants or ears under infestation”
e2“The field experiments were performed in Germany at four locations in 1999 and at five locations in 2000”
Claim · model-written summary
Transgenic Bt hybrids had lower damage rating of stalks and larvae per plant and per ear than commercial hybrids.
- Treatment
- Transgenic Bt hybridse1
- Interactor
- European corn borerOstrinia nubilalise0pest
- Outcome
- damage rating of stalks, number of larvae per plant, number of larvae per eare1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Comparator
- commercial hybridse1
- Setting
- Germanye2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The European corn borer (ECB), Ostrinia nubilalis Hb., is a major pest of maize in central Europe”
e1“Transgenic Bt hybrids showed significantly lower means than their corresponding isogenic counterparts and than commercial hybrids for all resistance traits: damage rating of stalks, number of larvae per plant, number of larvae per ear, and percentage of damaged plants or ears under infestation”
e2“The field experiments were performed in Germany at four locations in 1999 and at five locations in 2000”
Claim · model-written summary
Transgenic Bt hybrids had a lower percentage of damaged plants or ears than commercial hybrids under infestation.
- Treatment
- Transgenic Bt hybridse1
- Interactor
- European corn borerOstrinia nubilalise0pest
- Outcome
- percentage of damaged plants or earse1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Qualifier
- under infestatione1
- Comparator
- commercial hybridse1
- Setting
- Germanye2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The European corn borer (ECB), Ostrinia nubilalis Hb., is a major pest of maize in central Europe”
e1“Transgenic Bt hybrids showed significantly lower means than their corresponding isogenic counterparts and than commercial hybrids for all resistance traits: damage rating of stalks, number of larvae per plant, number of larvae per ear, and percentage of damaged plants or ears under infestation”
e2“The field experiments were performed in Germany at four locations in 1999 and at five locations in 2000”
Claim · model-written summary
DON showed the highest concentration among the analysed mycotoxins in grain across all year and location combinations.
- Compound
- DONe3
- Outcome
- concentratione3
- Direction
- higheste3
- Qualifier
- across all year × location combinationse3
- Setting
- Germanye2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The European corn borer (ECB), Ostrinia nubilalis Hb., is a major pest of maize in central Europe”
e3“Among all mycotoxins analysed, DON consistently showed the highest concentration across all year × location combinations”
e2“The field experiments were performed in Germany at four locations in 1999 and at five locations in 2000”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycotoxin concentrations in maize grain varied significantly between locations, years and genotypes.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The European corn borer (ECB), Ostrinia nubilalis Hb., is a major pest of maize in central Europe”
e4“Mycotoxin concentrations varied significantly between locations, years and genotypes”
e2“The field experiments were performed in Germany at four locations in 1999 and at five locations in 2000”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycotoxin concentrations did not differ significantly between infested and protected plots.
- Treatment
- infestede5
- Outcome
- mycotoxin concentrationse5
- Direction
- not significantly differente5
- Comparator
- protected plotse5
- Setting
- Germanye2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The European corn borer (ECB), Ostrinia nubilalis Hb., is a major pest of maize in central Europe”
e5“whereas mycotoxin concentrations were not significantly different between infested and protected plots”
e2“The field experiments were performed in Germany at four locations in 1999 and at five locations in 2000”
Claim · model-written summary
Associations between ECB resistance traits and mycotoxin concentrations were not consistent across years.
- Interactor
- European corn borerOstrinia nubilalise0pest
- Outcome
- Associations between ECB resistance traits and mycotoxin concentrationse6
- Direction
- not consistente6
- Setting
- Germanye2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The European corn borer (ECB), Ostrinia nubilalis Hb., is a major pest of maize in central Europe”
e6“Associations between ECB resistance traits and mycotoxin concentrations were not consistent across years”
e2“The field experiments were performed in Germany at four locations in 1999 and at five locations in 2000”
Claim · model-written summary
Under central European conditions, Bt maize hybrids will only slightly reduce mycotoxin contamination of maize kernels.
- Treatment
- use of Bt maize hybridse7
- Outcome
- contamination of maize kernels with mycotoxinse7
- Qualifier
- only slightlye7
- Setting
- central European conditionse6
FusariumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The European corn borer (ECB), Ostrinia nubilalis Hb., is a major pest of maize in central Europe”
e7“the use of Bt maize hybrids will only slightly reduce the contamination of maize kernels with mycotoxins produced by Fusarium spp”
e6“It is concluded that under central European conditions”
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infection · disease · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
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See all 34 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.