Abstract
The proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) plays a fundamental role in DNA replication and repair and recently, it has been found associated to proteins that control the G1 phase of the cell cycle, such as cyclin D. Maize PCNA cDNA has been cloned and overexpressed in order to raise antibodies. The expression of PCNA has been followed during seed development and seed germination using the homologous antibodies. The protein was found at a constant level during seed development up to 48 days after pollination (DAP) and then the amount declined to very low levels, similar to those found in dry seeds. Upon germination, PCNA levels rose gradually reaching a peak by 20 h germination. Imbibition in the presence of cytokinins (Benzyladenine, BA) produced a sharp increase in amount during the first 3–6 h germination, whereas imbibition in the presence of abscisic acid (ABA) did not alter the pattern of expression as compared with control seeds. Immunoprecipitation experiments showed that PCNA was associated to a putative cyclin D protein during germination and this association was altered by phytohormones. While the complex PCNA‐cyclin D‐like protein was present along the first 15 h of germination under control conditions, it was dissociated after 6 h if embryo axes germinated in the presence of BA or ABA. However, complex dissociation in the presence of BA was due to degradation of the putative cyclin D protein while in the presence of ABA the putative cyclin D was still present. These results are discussed in the context of seed germination and the cell cycle.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
PCNA expression stayed at a constant level in maize seed development up to 48 days after pollination.
- Organ / stage
- seede1
- Gene
- PCNAe1
- Outcome
- expression of PCNAe1
- Value
- 48 days after pollination (DAP)e0
- Qualifier
- constant levele0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression in maize seed development and germination: Regulation by phytohormones and its association with putative cell cycle proteins”
e0“The protein was found at a constant level during seed development up to 48 days after pollination (DAP)”
e1“The expression of PCNA has been followed during seed development and seed germination using the homologous antibodies”
Claim · model-written summary
PCNA amount declined to very low levels in maize seed after 48 days after pollination, similar to dry seeds.
- Organ / stage
- seede1
- Gene
- PCNAe1
- Outcome
- the amounte0
- Direction
- declinede0
- Qualifier
- very low levels, similar to those found in dry seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression in maize seed development and germination: Regulation by phytohormones and its association with putative cell cycle proteins”
e0“The protein was found at a constant level during seed development up to 48 days after pollination (DAP) and then the amount declined to very low levels, similar to those found in dry seeds”
e1“The expression of PCNA has been followed during seed development and seed germination using the homologous antibodies”
Claim · model-written summary
PCNA levels rose gradually during maize seed germination, reaching a peak by 20 h.
- Organ / stage
- seede1
- Gene
- PCNAe2
- Outcome
- PCNA levelse2
- Direction
- rosee2
- Value
- a peak by 20 he2
- Qualifier
- graduallye2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression in maize seed development and germination: Regulation by phytohormones and its association with putative cell cycle proteins”
e1“The expression of PCNA has been followed during seed development and seed germination using the homologous antibodies”
e2“Upon germination, PCNA levels rose gradually reaching a peak by 20 h germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Imbibition with cytokinin (Benzyladenine, BA) produced a sharp increase in PCNA amount during the first 3-6 h of maize seed germination.
- Organ / stage
- seede1
- Treatment
- cytokinins (Benzyladenine, BA)e3
- Gene
- PCNAe1
- Outcome
- amounte3
- Direction
- sharp increasee3
- Value
- 3–6 he3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression in maize seed development and germination: Regulation by phytohormones and its association with putative cell cycle proteins”
e1“The expression of PCNA has been followed during seed development and seed germination using the homologous antibodies”
e3“Imbibition in the presence of cytokinins (Benzyladenine, BA) produced a sharp increase in amount during the first 3–6 h germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Imbibition with abscisic acid (ABA) did not alter the pattern of PCNA expression in maize seed germination compared with control seeds.
- Organ / stage
- seede1
- Treatment
- abscisic acid (ABA)e3
- Gene
- PCNAe1
- Outcome
- pattern of expressione3
- Direction
- did not altere3
- Comparator
- control seedse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression in maize seed development and germination: Regulation by phytohormones and its association with putative cell cycle proteins”
e1“The expression of PCNA has been followed during seed development and seed germination using the homologous antibodies”
e3“imbibition in the presence of abscisic acid (ABA) did not alter the pattern of expression as compared with control seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
PCNA was associated with a putative cyclin D protein during maize germination, and this association was altered by phytohormones.
- Treatment
- phytohormonese4
- Gene
- putative cyclin D proteine4
- Outcome
- PCNA was associated to a putative cyclin D proteine4
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression in maize seed development and germination: Regulation by phytohormones and its association with putative cell cycle proteins”
e4“Immunoprecipitation experiments showed that PCNA was associated to a putative cyclin D protein during germination and this association was altered by phytohormones”
Claim · model-written summary
The PCNA-cyclin D complex dissociated after 6 h of germination with BA or ABA, compared with control conditions.
- Organ / stage
- embryo axese5
- Treatment
- BA or ABAe5
- Gene
- PCNAe4
- Outcome
- dissociatede5
- Direction
- dissociatede5
- Value
- 6 he5
- Comparator
- control conditionse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression in maize seed development and germination: Regulation by phytohormones and its association with putative cell cycle proteins”
e4“Immunoprecipitation experiments showed that PCNA was associated to a putative cyclin D protein during germination and this association was altered by phytohormones”
e5“it was dissociated after 6 h if embryo axes germinated in the presence of BA or ABA”
e6“was present along the first 15 h of germination under control conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
The PCNA-cyclin D complex was present along the first 15 h of germination under control conditions.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression in maize seed development and germination: Regulation by phytohormones and its association with putative cell cycle proteins”
e4“Immunoprecipitation experiments showed that PCNA was associated to a putative cyclin D protein during germination and this association was altered by phytohormones”
e6“was present along the first 15 h of germination under control conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Complex dissociation in the presence of BA was due to degradation of the putative cyclin D protein.
- Treatment
- BAe7
- Gene
- putative cyclin D proteine7
- Outcome
- complex dissociatione7
- Qualifier
- due to degradation of the putative cyclin D proteine7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression in maize seed development and germination: Regulation by phytohormones and its association with putative cell cycle proteins”
e7“complex dissociation in the presence of BA was due to degradation of the putative cyclin D protein”
Claim · model-written summary
In the presence of ABA the putative cyclin D protein was still present in maize germinating seeds.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression in maize seed development and germination: Regulation by phytohormones and its association with putative cell cycle proteins”
e7“in the presence of ABA the putative cyclin D was still present”
The same questions in other papers
(+)-abscisic acid · molecular: expression · Zea mays (maize)Results differ
13 papers in the same direction as this paper · 37 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
47 papers more in this group
See all 51 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.