Abstract
No previous reports have described the effects of an increase in endogenous melatonin levels on plant yield and reproduction. Here, the phenotypes of melatonin-rich transgenic rice plants overexpressing sheep serotonin N-acetyltransferase were investigated under field conditions. Early seedling growth of melatonin-rich transgenic rice was greatly accelerated, with enhanced biomass relative to the wild type (WT). However, flowering was delayed by 1 wk in the transgenic lines compared with the WT. Grain yields of the melatonin-rich transgenic lines were reduced by 33% on average. Other phenotypes also varied among the transgenic lines. For example, the transgenic line S1 exhibited greater height and biomass than the WT, while the S10 transgenic line showed diminished height and an increase in panicle numbers per plant. The expression levels of Oryza sativa homeobox1 (OSH1) and TEOSINTE BRANCHED1 (TB1) genes, two key regulators of meristem initiation and maintenance, were not altered in the transgenic lines. These data demonstrate that an alteration of endogenous melatonin levels leads to pleiotropic effects such as height, biomass, panicle number, flowering time, and grain yield, indicating that melatonin behaves as a signaling molecule in plant growth and reproduction.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin-rich transgenic rice had accelerated early seedling growth and enhanced biomass relative to wild type.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Material
- melatonin-rich transgenic ricee0
- Treatment
- melatonin-riche0
- Outcome
- Early seedling growthe0
- Direction
- greatly acceleratede0
- Comparator
- wild type (WT)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Early seedling growth of melatonin-rich transgenic rice was greatly accelerated, with enhanced biomass relative to the wild type (WT).”
Claim · model-written summary
Flowering in transgenic rice was delayed by 1 wk relative to wild type.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- transgenic linese0
- Treatment
- transgenic linese0
- Outcome
- floweringe0
- Direction
- delayede0
- Value
- 1 wke0
- Comparator
- WTe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“flowering was delayed by 1 wk in the transgenic lines compared with the WT”
t0“transgenic rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin-rich transgenic rice grain yield was reduced by 33% on average.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- melatonin-rich transgenic linese0
- Treatment
- melatonin-rich transgenic linese0
- Outcome
- Grain yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 33%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yields of the melatonin-rich transgenic lines were reduced by 33% on average.”
t0“transgenic rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
S1 had greater height and biomass than wild type.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- transgenic line S1e0
- Treatment
- transgenic line S1e0
- Outcome
- height and biomasse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- WTe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the transgenic line S1 exhibited greater height and biomass than the WT”
t0“transgenic rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
S10 had diminished height.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- S10 transgenic linee0
- Treatment
- S10 transgenic linee0
- Outcome
- heighte0
- Direction
- diminishede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the S10 transgenic line showed diminished height”
t0“transgenic rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
S10 had increased panicle number per plant.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- S10 transgenic linee0
- Treatment
- S10 transgenic linee0
- Outcome
- panicle numbers per plante0
- Direction
- an increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the S10 transgenic line showed diminished height and an increase in panicle numbers per plant”
t0“transgenic rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
OSH1 and TB1 expression was unchanged in transgenic lines.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- transgenic linese0
- Gene
- Oryza sativa homeobox1 (OSH1) and TEOSINTE BRANCHED1 (TB1)e0
- Outcome
- expression levelse0
- Direction
- not alterede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The expression levels of Oryza sativa homeobox1 (OSH1) and TEOSINTE BRANCHED1 (TB1) genes, two key regulators of meristem initiation and maintenance, were not altered in the transgenic lines.”
t0“transgenic rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors interpret melatonin as a signaling molecule in plant growth and reproduction.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Compound
- melatonine0
- Outcome
- plant growth and reproductione0
- Qualifier
- signaling moleculee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“melatonin behaves as a signaling molecule in plant growth and reproduction”
t0“transgenic rice plants”
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See all 45 papers →transgenic · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
80 papers in the same direction as this paper · 18 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative
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- negative
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See all 102 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.