Abstract
Abstract A superoxide‐producing xanthine‐oxidizing enzyme characterized by NADH‐diaphorase activity, presumably a type O xanthine oxidase (EC 1.2.3.2), was isolated and quantified after polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis of crude leaf extract of Phaseolus vulgaris L. This enzyme was enhanced by Uromyces phaseoli (Pers.) Wint. infection in hypersensitive leaves (cvs K.W. 765, Olathe, CSW 643 and 51051) during the first phase of host‐pathogen interaction (values around 2 times the control at 1–2 days post‐inoculation) and necrotic lesion formation (values up to 5.5 times the control in cv. K.W. 765). In contrast, there were no early increases in xanthine oxidase in susceptible cvs Golden Gate Wax, Bountiful and Pinto HI, which instead showed a considerable drop in xanthine oxidase starting A–5 days post‐inoculation, the time when subepidermic fungal stroma structure (flecks) began to differentiate in the mesophyll. This paper examines the possibility that xanthine oxidase of bean leaves, owing to its superoxide‐producing activity, may somehow be involved in the hypersensitive cell death associated to the incompatibility between Phaseolus vulgaris and Uromyces phaseoli . Zusammenfassung Veränderungen in der Xanthinoxidase‐Aktivität in Bohnenblättern induziert durch eine Uromyces phaseoli ‐lnfektion Ein superoxidproduzierendes, xanthinoxidierendes Enzym, das durch eine NADH‐Diaphorase‐Aktivität charakterisiert war, vermutlich eine Typ O‐Xanthinoxidase (EC 1.2.3.2), wurde isoliert und quantifiziert nach der Polyacrylamidelektrophorese von ungereinigten Phaseolus vulgaris L.‐Blattextrakt. Dieses Enzym wurde durch eine Uromyces phaseoli ‐lniektion von hypersensitiven Blättem (Sorten K.W. 765, Olathe, CSW 643 und 51051) während der ersten Phase der WirtPathogen‐Wechselwirkung (1–2 Tage nach der Inokulation lagen die Werte zirka doppeh so hoch wie die der Kontroiie) und der nekrotischen Läsionenbildung (Werte bis zu 5,5inal so hoch wie die der Kontrolle bei der Sone K.W. 765). Im Gegensatz dazu wurden frühe Steigerungen der Xanthin‐oxidase bei den anfälligen Sorten Golden Gate Wax, Bountiful und Pinto 111 nicht ermittelt, sondern eine erhebliche Abnahme der Xanthinoxidase 4–5 Tage nach der Inokulation festgestellt. Zur gleichen Zeit wurde eine weitere Entwicklung der subepidermalen pilzlichen Stromastruktur (als Flecken zu bezeichnen) im Mesophyll beobachtet. Diese Arbeit untersuchte die Wahrscheinlichkeit, daß es einen Zusammenhang zwischen der Xanthinoxidase in Bohnenblättern durch ihre superoxidproduzierende Aktivität, und dem hypersensitiven Zellsterben, das mit der Unverträglichkeit zwischen P. vulgaris und U. phaseoli assoziiert ist, gibt.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
A superoxide-producing xanthine-oxidizing enzyme was isolated and quantified in bean leaf extract.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgaris L.
Phaseolus vulgarise0 - Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Gene
- xanthine‐oxidizing enzymee0
- Outcome
- was isolated and quantifiede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A superoxide‐producing xanthine‐oxidizing enzyme characterized by NADH‐diaphorase activity, presumably a type O xanthine oxidase (EC 1.2.3.2), was isolated and quantified after polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis of crude leaf extract of Phaseolus vulgaris L.”
Claim · model-written summary
In hypersensitive bean cultivars, infection enhanced xanthine oxidase to about twice control levels 1–2 days after inoculation.
- Taxon
- Beant0
- Material
- cvs K.W. 765, Olathe, CSW 643 and 51051e0
- Organ / stage
- hypersensitive leavese0
- Treatment
- Uromyces phaseoli (Pers.) Wint. infectione0
- Interactor
- Uromyces phaseoli (Pers.) Wint.
Uromyces phaseolie0pathogen - Gene
- xanthine oxidasee1
- Outcome
- enzymee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 2 times the controle0
- Qualifier
- 1–2 days post‐inoculatione0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This enzyme was enhanced by Uromyces phaseoli (Pers.) Wint. infection in hypersensitive leaves (cvs K.W. 765, Olathe, CSW 643 and 51051) during the first phase of host‐pathogen interaction (values around 2 times the control at 1–2 days post‐inoculation)”
e1“xanthine oxidase (EC 1.2.3.2)”
t0“Bean Leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
In hypersensitive cultivar K.W. 765, infection enhanced enzyme activity up to 5.5 times control during necrotic lesion formation.
- Taxon
- Beant0
- Material
- K.W. 765e0
- Treatment
- Uromyces phaseoli (Pers.) Wint. infectione1
- Interactor
- Uromyces phaseoli (Pers.) Wint.Uromyces phaseolie1pathogen
- Outcome
- enzymee1
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Value
- 5.5 times the controle0
- Qualifier
- necrotic lesion formatione0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“necrotic lesion formation (values up to 5.5 times the control in cv. K.W. 765)”
e1“This enzyme was enhanced by Uromyces phaseoli (Pers.) Wint. infection in hypersensitive leaves”
t0“Bean Leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Susceptible bean cultivars showed no early increase in xanthine oxidase after infection.
- Taxon
- Beant0
- Material
- cvs Golden Gate Wax, Bountiful and Pinto HIe0
- Treatment
- Uromyces phaseoli (Pers.) Wint. infectione1
- Interactor
- Uromyces phaseoli (Pers.) Wint.Uromyces phaseolie1pathogen
- Outcome
- xanthine oxidasee0
- Direction
- no early increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there were no early increases in xanthine oxidase in susceptible cvs Golden Gate Wax, Bountiful and Pinto HI”
e1“Uromyces phaseoli (Pers.) Wint. infection”
t0“Bean Leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Susceptible bean cultivars showed a considerable drop in xanthine oxidase starting A–5 days after inoculation.
- Taxon
- Beant0
- Material
- cvs Golden Gate Wax, Bountiful and Pinto HIe0
- Treatment
- Uromyces phaseoli (Pers.) Wint. infectione1
- Interactor
- Uromyces phaseoli (Pers.) Wint.Uromyces phaseolie1pathogen
- Outcome
- xanthine oxidasee0
- Direction
- drope0
- Qualifier
- starting A–5 days post‐inoculatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“susceptible cvs Golden Gate Wax, Bountiful and Pinto HI, which instead showed a considerable drop in xanthine oxidase starting A–5 days post‐inoculation”
e1“Uromyces phaseoli (Pers.) Wint. infection”
t0“Bean Leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Subepidermic fungal stroma began differentiating in mesophyll as susceptible bean leaves lost xanthine oxidase.
- Taxon
- Beant0
- Material
- cvs Golden Gate Wax, Bountiful and Pinto HIe1
- Organ / stage
- mesophylle0
- Interactor
- Uromyces phaseoli (Pers.) Wint.Uromyces phaseolie2pathogen
- Outcome
- subepidermic fungal stroma structure (flecks) began to differentiatee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the time when subepidermic fungal stroma structure (flecks) began to differentiate in the mesophyll”
e1“susceptible cvs Golden Gate Wax, Bountiful and Pinto HI”
e2“Uromyces phaseoli (Pers.) Wint. infection”
t0“Bean Leaves”
The same questions in other papers
infection · molecular: metabolites · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.