Abstract
ABSTRACT Cell suspension cultures of the scab-resistant apple (Malus x domestica) cultivar Liberty were challenged with yeast extract to mimic the effect of biological stress such as fungal invasion. The cells responded to the challenge by production of novel compounds. Suspension cultures of the scab-susceptible cultivar McIntosh, when similarly challenged, showed no detectable response. The major compound produced by scab-resistant cells in response to the challenge has been identified as the 2,4-methoxy-3-hydroxy-9-O-beta-D-glucosyloxydibenzofuran by UV, mass spectrometry, (1)H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and (13)C-NMR spectroscopy. We suggest the trivial name malusfuran for the compound. Malusfuran production was initiated approximately 24 h after being challenged. Malusfuran inhibited spore germination and growth of Venturia inaequalis at millimolar concentrations, indicating its role as a possible phytoalexin. The aglycone of malusfuran, 2,4-methoxy-3,9-hydroxy-dibenzofuran, showed higher toxicity to V. inaequalis than to the parent malusfuran. In vitro cultures of V. inaequalis produced a beta-glucosidase that hydrolyzed ortho- and para-substituted nitrophenyl-beta-glucosides, suggesting that the aglycone may act as the actual phytoalexin.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Resistant Liberty cells produced novel compounds after yeast extract challenge.
- Taxon
- apple (Malus x domestica)
Malus domesticae0 - Material
- Libertye0
- Treatment
- yeast extracte0
- Outcome
- production of novel compoundse1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“scab-resistant apple (Malus x domestica) cultivar Liberty were challenged with yeast extract”
e1“The cells responded to the challenge by production of novel compounds”
Claim · model-written summary
Similarly challenged susceptible McIntosh cultures showed no detectable response.
- Taxon
- apple (Malus x domestica)Malus domesticae1
- Material
- McIntoshe0
- Treatment
- similarly challengede0
- Outcome
- no detectable responsee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“scab-susceptible cultivar McIntosh, when similarly challenged, showed no detectable response”
e1“apple (Malus x domestica)”
Claim · model-written summary
The major elicited compound was identified as 2,4-methoxy-3-hydroxy-9-O-beta-D-glucosyloxydibenzofuran.
- Taxon
- apple (Malus x domestica)Malus domesticae1
- Outcome
- 2,4-methoxy-3-hydroxy-9-O-beta-D-glucosyloxydibenzofurane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“major compound produced by scab-resistant cells in response to the challenge has been identified as the 2,4-methoxy-3-hydroxy-9-O-beta-D-glucosyloxydibenzofuran”
e1“apple (Malus x domestica)”
Claim · model-written summary
Malusfuran production began about 24 h after challenge.
- Taxon
- apple (Malus x domestica)Malus domesticae1
- Outcome
- Malusfuran productione0
- Value
- approximately 24 he0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Malusfuran production was initiated approximately 24 h after being challenged”
e1“apple (Malus x domestica)”
Claim · model-written summary
Malusfuran inhibited Venturia inaequalis spore germination and growth at millimolar concentrations.
- Taxon
- apple (Malus x domestica)Malus domesticae1
- Interactor
- Venturia inaequalis
Venturia inaequalise0pathogen - Outcome
- spore germination and growth of Venturia inaequalise0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Qualifier
- millimolar concentrationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Malusfuran inhibited spore germination and growth of Venturia inaequalis at millimolar concentrations”
e1“apple (Malus x domestica)”
Claim · model-written summary
The malusfuran aglycone was more toxic to V. inaequalis than malusfuran.
- Taxon
- apple (Malus x domestica)Malus domesticae1
- Interactor
- V. inaequalisVenturia inaequalise0pathogen
- Outcome
- toxicity to V. inaequalise0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- parent malusfurane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“aglycone of malusfuran, 2,4-methoxy-3,9-hydroxy-dibenzofuran, showed higher toxicity to V. inaequalis than to the parent malusfuran”
e1“apple (Malus x domestica)”
Claim · model-written summary
V. inaequalis cultures produced beta-glucosidase that hydrolyzed the tested glucosides.
- Taxon
- apple (Malus x domestica)Malus domesticae1
- Interactor
- V. inaequalisVenturia inaequalise0pathogen
- Gene
- beta-glucosidasee0
- Outcome
- V. inaequalis produced a beta-glucosidasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In vitro cultures of V. inaequalis produced a beta-glucosidase that hydrolyzed ortho- and para-substituted nitrophenyl-beta-glucosides”
e1“apple (Malus x domestica)”
The same questions in other papers
botanical · yield · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
13 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
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11 papers more in this group
See all 15 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.