Abstract
Abstract Mineral nutrition of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in highly calcareous soils low in available nitrogen (N) and manganese (Mn) requires further investigations. The purpose of this experiment was to determine the effect of N and Mn on the growth, nutrient concentration and uptake, and chlorophyll meter readings (CMR) in wheat grown in greenhouse conditions. The experiment was conducted on a highly calcareous soil (fine-loamy, carbonatic, thermic, Typic Calcixerepts) relatively low in available N and Mn. Treatments consisted of a factorial arrangement of five N rates (0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg kg−1 as NH4NO3) and three Mn levels (0, 15, and 30 mg kg−1 as MnSO4) in a completely randomized design with four replications. Plants were grown for 60 d and hand-held chlorophyll meter (Minolta SPAD-502) readings were used to evaluate dry matter (DMY) and N, Mn, iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu) concentration of wheat in aerial parts. Applied N increased DMY and concentration and uptake of N, Mn, Fe, Zn, and Cu, and Mn:Fe ratios. A significant correlation was obtained between DMY and applied N (R2 = 0.75). Manganese had no significant effect on DMY, N, Zn, Cu concentration and uptake, and Fe uptake. However, Mn rate increased Mn concentration and uptake and Mn:Fe ratio and reduced Fe concentration. Interaction of N × Mn did not affect DMY, concentration, or uptake of any of the nutrients. The CMR increased significantly with N rate but was not influenced by Mn addition. Highly significant correlations were observed between CMR and DMY (R2 = 0.84), and the concentrations of N (R2 = 0.97), Mn (R2 = 0.70), Fe (R2 = 0.73), Zn (R2 = 0.93), and Cu (R2 = 0.90). It is concluded that portable chlorophyll meter is a quick, reliable, and nondestructive tool for assessing DMY and nutrients affecting leaf greenness in wheat. However, further investigation in field conditions is recommended.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Applied nitrogen increased wheat dry matter yield.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- Applied Ne0
- Outcome
- DMYe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth, Nutrient Status, and Chlorophyll Meter Readings in Wheat as Affected by Nitrogen and Manganese”
e0“Applied N increased DMY and concentration and uptake of N, Mn, Fe, Zn, and Cu, and Mn:Fe ratios”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied nitrogen increased wheat concentration and uptake of N, Mn and Fe.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Applied Ne0
- Outcome
- concentration and uptake of N, Mn, Fee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth, Nutrient Status, and Chlorophyll Meter Readings in Wheat as Affected by Nitrogen and Manganese”
e0“Applied N increased DMY and concentration and uptake of N, Mn, Fe, Zn, and Cu, and Mn:Fe ratios”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied nitrogen increased wheat concentration and uptake of Zn and Cu.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Applied Ne0
- Outcome
- Zn, and Cue0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- concentration and uptakee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth, Nutrient Status, and Chlorophyll Meter Readings in Wheat as Affected by Nitrogen and Manganese”
e0“Applied N increased DMY and concentration and uptake of N, Mn, Fe, Zn, and Cu, and Mn:Fe ratios”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied nitrogen increased the Mn:Fe ratio in wheat.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Applied Ne0
- Outcome
- Mn:Fe ratiose0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth, Nutrient Status, and Chlorophyll Meter Readings in Wheat as Affected by Nitrogen and Manganese”
e0“Applied N increased DMY and concentration and uptake of N, Mn, Fe, Zn, and Cu, and Mn:Fe ratios”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry matter yield was significantly correlated with applied nitrogen (R2 = 0.75).
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- applied Ne1
- Outcome
- DMYe1
- Value
- R2 = 0.75e1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth, Nutrient Status, and Chlorophyll Meter Readings in Wheat as Affected by Nitrogen and Manganese”
e1“A significant correlation was obtained between DMY and applied N (R2 = 0.75)”
Claim · model-written summary
Manganese had no significant effect on wheat dry matter yield.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Manganesee2
- Outcome
- DMYe2
- Direction
- no significant effecte2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth, Nutrient Status, and Chlorophyll Meter Readings in Wheat as Affected by Nitrogen and Manganese”
e2“Manganese had no significant effect on DMY, N, Zn, Cu concentration and uptake, and Fe uptake”
Claim · model-written summary
Manganese had no significant effect on N, Zn and Cu concentration and uptake in wheat.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Manganesee2
- Outcome
- N, Zn, Cu concentration and uptakee2
- Direction
- no significant effecte2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth, Nutrient Status, and Chlorophyll Meter Readings in Wheat as Affected by Nitrogen and Manganese”
e2“Manganese had no significant effect on DMY, N, Zn, Cu concentration and uptake, and Fe uptake”
Claim · model-written summary
Manganese had no significant effect on wheat Fe uptake.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Manganesee2
- Outcome
- Fe uptakee2
- Direction
- no significant effecte2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth, Nutrient Status, and Chlorophyll Meter Readings in Wheat as Affected by Nitrogen and Manganese”
e2“Manganese had no significant effect on DMY, N, Zn, Cu concentration and uptake, and Fe uptake”
Claim · model-written summary
Manganese rate increased wheat Mn concentration and uptake and the Mn:Fe ratio.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Mn ratee3
- Outcome
- Mn concentration and uptake and Mn:Fe ratioe3
- Direction
- increasede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth, Nutrient Status, and Chlorophyll Meter Readings in Wheat as Affected by Nitrogen and Manganese”
e3“However, Mn rate increased Mn concentration and uptake and Mn:Fe ratio and reduced Fe concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
Manganese rate reduced wheat Fe concentration.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Mn ratee3
- Outcome
- Fe concentratione3
- Direction
- reducede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth, Nutrient Status, and Chlorophyll Meter Readings in Wheat as Affected by Nitrogen and Manganese”
e3“However, Mn rate increased Mn concentration and uptake and Mn:Fe ratio and reduced Fe concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
The interaction of N and Mn did not affect wheat dry matter yield or nutrient concentration and uptake.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- N × Mne4
- Outcome
- DMYe4
- Direction
- did not affecte4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth, Nutrient Status, and Chlorophyll Meter Readings in Wheat as Affected by Nitrogen and Manganese”
e4“Interaction of N × Mn did not affect DMY, concentration, or uptake of any of the nutrients”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll meter readings increased significantly with nitrogen rate in wheat.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- N ratee5
- Outcome
- CMRe5
- Direction
- increasede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth, Nutrient Status, and Chlorophyll Meter Readings in Wheat as Affected by Nitrogen and Manganese”
e5“The CMR increased significantly with N rate but was not influenced by Mn addition”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll meter readings were not influenced by manganese addition in wheat.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Mn additione5
- Outcome
- CMRe5
- Direction
- not influencede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth, Nutrient Status, and Chlorophyll Meter Readings in Wheat as Affected by Nitrogen and Manganese”
e5“The CMR increased significantly with N rate but was not influenced by Mn addition”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll meter readings were highly significantly correlated with dry matter yield (R2 = 0.84).
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- CMRe6
- Value
- R2 = 0.84e6
- Setting
- greenhouse conditionse7
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth, Nutrient Status, and Chlorophyll Meter Readings in Wheat as Affected by Nitrogen and Manganese”
e6“Highly significant correlations were observed between CMR and DMY (R2 = 0.84), and the concentrations of N (R2 = 0.97), Mn (R2 = 0.70), Fe (R2 = 0.73), Zn (R2 = 0.93), and Cu (R2 = 0.90)”
e7“wheat grown in greenhouse conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll meter readings were highly significantly correlated with wheat N concentration (R2 = 0.97).
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Compound
- Ne6
- Outcome
- CMRe6
- Value
- R2 = 0.97e6
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth, Nutrient Status, and Chlorophyll Meter Readings in Wheat as Affected by Nitrogen and Manganese”
e6“Highly significant correlations were observed between CMR and DMY (R2 = 0.84), and the concentrations of N (R2 = 0.97), Mn (R2 = 0.70), Fe (R2 = 0.73), Zn (R2 = 0.93), and Cu (R2 = 0.90)”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll meter readings were highly significantly correlated with wheat Mn concentration (R2 = 0.70).
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Compound
- Mne6
- Outcome
- CMRe6
- Value
- R2 = 0.70e6
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth, Nutrient Status, and Chlorophyll Meter Readings in Wheat as Affected by Nitrogen and Manganese”
e6“Highly significant correlations were observed between CMR and DMY (R2 = 0.84), and the concentrations of N (R2 = 0.97), Mn (R2 = 0.70), Fe (R2 = 0.73), Zn (R2 = 0.93), and Cu (R2 = 0.90)”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll meter readings were highly significantly correlated with wheat Fe concentration (R2 = 0.73).
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Compound
- Fee6
- Outcome
- CMRe6
- Value
- R2 = 0.73e6
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth, Nutrient Status, and Chlorophyll Meter Readings in Wheat as Affected by Nitrogen and Manganese”
e6“Highly significant correlations were observed between CMR and DMY (R2 = 0.84), and the concentrations of N (R2 = 0.97), Mn (R2 = 0.70), Fe (R2 = 0.73), Zn (R2 = 0.93), and Cu (R2 = 0.90)”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll meter readings were highly significantly correlated with wheat Zn concentration (R2 = 0.93).
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Compound
- Zne6
- Outcome
- CMRe6
- Value
- R2 = 0.93e6
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth, Nutrient Status, and Chlorophyll Meter Readings in Wheat as Affected by Nitrogen and Manganese”
e6“Highly significant correlations were observed between CMR and DMY (R2 = 0.84), and the concentrations of N (R2 = 0.97), Mn (R2 = 0.70), Fe (R2 = 0.73), Zn (R2 = 0.93), and Cu (R2 = 0.90)”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll meter readings were highly significantly correlated with wheat Cu concentration (R2 = 0.90).
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Compound
- Cue6
- Outcome
- CMRe6
- Value
- R2 = 0.90e6
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth, Nutrient Status, and Chlorophyll Meter Readings in Wheat as Affected by Nitrogen and Manganese”
e6“Highly significant correlations were observed between CMR and DMY (R2 = 0.84), and the concentrations of N (R2 = 0.97), Mn (R2 = 0.70), Fe (R2 = 0.73), Zn (R2 = 0.93), and Cu (R2 = 0.90)”
Claim · model-written summary
A portable chlorophyll meter is a quick, reliable and nondestructive tool for assessing dry matter and nutrients in wheat.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- assessing DMY and nutrientse7
- Value
- quick, reliable, and nondestructivee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth, Nutrient Status, and Chlorophyll Meter Readings in Wheat as Affected by Nitrogen and Manganese”
e7“It is concluded that portable chlorophyll meter is a quick, reliable, and nondestructive tool for assessing DMY and nutrients affecting leaf greenness in wheat”
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