Abstract
We have used laser-capture microdissection to isolate RNA from discrete tissues of globular, heart, and torpedo stage embryos of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). This was amplified and analyzed by DNA microarray using the Affymetrix ATH1 GeneChip, representing approximately 22,800 Arabidopsis genes. Cluster analysis showed that spatial differences in gene expression were less significant than temporal differences. Time course analysis reveals the dynamics and complexity of gene expression in both apical and basal domains of the developing embryo, with several classes of synexpressed genes identifiable. The transition from globular to heart stage is associated in particular with an up-regulation of genes involved in cell cycle control, transcriptional regulation, and energetics and metabolism. The transition from heart to torpedo stage is associated with a repression of cell cycle genes and an up-regulation of genes encoding storage proteins, and pathways of cell growth, energy, and metabolism. The torpedo stage embryo shows strong functional differentiation in the root and cotyledon, as inferred from the classes of genes expressed in these tissues. The time course of expression of the essential EMBRYO-DEFECTIVE genes shows that most are expressed at unchanging levels across all stages of embryogenesis. We show how identified genes can be used to generate cell type-specific markers and promoter activities for future application in cell biology.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Temporal differences in Arabidopsis embryo gene expression exceeded spatial differences.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“spatial differences in gene expression were less significant than temporal differences”
Claim · model-written summary
Several classes of synexpressed genes were identifiable during embryo development.
- Outcome
- synexpressed genese0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“several classes of synexpressed genes identifiable”
Claim · model-written summary
Globular to heart transition was associated with up-regulation of cell-cycle, transcription and metabolic genes.
- Organ / stage
- globular to heart stagee0
- Outcome
- genes involved in cell cycle control, transcriptional regulation, and energetics and metabolisme0
- Direction
- up-regulatione0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The transition from globular to heart stage is associated in particular with an up-regulation of genes involved in cell cycle control, transcriptional regulation, and energetics and metabolism”
Claim · model-written summary
Heart to torpedo transition was associated with repression of cell-cycle genes.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The transition from heart to torpedo stage is associated with a repression of cell cycle genes”
Claim · model-written summary
Heart to torpedo transition was associated with up-regulation of storage-protein, growth, energy and metabolic genes.
- Outcome
- genes encoding storage proteins, and pathways of cell growth, energy, and metabolisme0
- Direction
- up-regulatione0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“an up-regulation of genes encoding storage proteins, and pathways of cell growth, energy, and metabolism”
Claim · model-written summary
Torpedo-stage root and cotyledon showed strong functional differentiation.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The torpedo stage embryo shows strong functional differentiation in the root and cotyledon”
Claim · model-written summary
Most essential EMBRYO-DEFECTIVE genes had unchanging expression across embryogenesis.
- Organ / stage
- all stages of embryogenesise0
- Gene
- EMBRYO-DEFECTIVE genese0
- Outcome
- expressede0
- Direction
- unchanginge0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The time course of expression of the essential EMBRYO-DEFECTIVE genes shows that most are expressed at unchanging levels across all stages of embryogenesis”
Claim · model-written summary
Identified genes can generate cell type-specific markers and promoter activities.
Not reportedComparatorValue
Verbatim
e0“identified genes can be used to generate cell type-specific markers and promoter activities”