Abstract
A new plant cohort starts with the formation of zygotes at ovule fertilization. This paper presents an ecological study of the effects of resource limitation and pollen donor on the survivorship and size of plant embryos in maturing fruits of the common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L. For naturally selfed flowers of domesticated and wild beans, embryos in basal ovular positions were more likely to abort or, if they survived, become lighter seeds than stylar embryos. Embryo survivorship was higher for the cultivar when maternal plants grew in larger pots. Early seed abortion in the cultivar was random with respect to ovular position. In late abortion basal embryos had a higher mortality than stylar ones. The basal embryos lacked gross genetic defects since they developed adult organs in embryo culture. In more outbred crosses with the cultivar the position effect in embryo survivorship and size disappeared. This difference among paternal parents implicates a genetic component to the observed position effects. The variation in mature seed size may affect adult characteristics since large seeds produced larger juvenile plants than small seeds.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Basal embryos in selfed wild and domesticated bean flowers aborted more often than stylar embryos.
Verbatim
e0“For naturally selfed flowers of domesticated and wild beans, embryos in basal ovular positions were more likely to abort or, if they survived, become lighter seeds than stylar embryos.”
Claim · model-written summary
Surviving basal embryos became lighter seeds than stylar embryos.
Verbatim
e0“For naturally selfed flowers of domesticated and wild beans, embryos in basal ovular positions were more likely to abort or, if they survived, become lighter seeds than stylar embryos.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivar embryo survivorship was higher when maternal plants grew in larger pots.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgaris
Phaseolus vulgarist0 - Material
- cultivare0
- Treatment
- larger potse0
- Outcome
- Embryo survivorshipe0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Embryo survivorship was higher for the cultivar when maternal plants grew in larger pots.”
t0“PHASEOLUS VULGARIS”
Claim · model-written summary
Early seed abortion in the cultivar was random with respect to ovule position.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Material
- cultivare0
- Outcome
- Early seed abortione0
- Qualifier
- random with respect to ovular positione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Early seed abortion in the cultivar was random with respect to ovular position.”
t0“PHASEOLUS VULGARIS”
Claim · model-written summary
Late abortion mortality was higher for basal than stylar embryos.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Organ / stage
- basal embryose0
- Outcome
- mortalitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- stylar onese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In late abortion basal embryos had a higher mortality than stylar ones.”
t0“PHASEOLUS VULGARIS”
Claim · model-written summary
Basal embryos developed adult organs in embryo culture, indicating no gross genetic defects.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Organ / stage
- basal embryose0
- Outcome
- developed adult organs in embryo culturee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The basal embryos lacked gross genetic defects since they developed adult organs in embryo culture.”
t0“PHASEOLUS VULGARIS”
Claim · model-written summary
More outbred cultivar crosses eliminated positional effects on embryo survival and seed size.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- more outbred crosses with the cultivare0
- Outcome
- position effect in embryo survivorship and sizee0
- Direction
- disappearede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In more outbred crosses with the cultivar the position effect in embryo survivorship and size disappeared.”
t0“PHASEOLUS VULGARIS”
Claim · model-written summary
Paternal-parent differences implicated a genetic contribution to position effects.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Outcome
- observed position effectse0
- Qualifier
- genetic componente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This difference among paternal parents implicates a genetic component to the observed position effects.”
t0“PHASEOLUS VULGARIS”
Claim · model-written summary
Large seeds produced larger juvenile plants than small seeds.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Material
- large seedse0
- Outcome
- juvenile plantse0
- Direction
- largere0
- Comparator
- small seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“large seeds produced larger juvenile plants than small seeds.”
t0“PHASEOLUS VULGARIS”