Abstract
The root mass of winter barley ( Hordeum vulgare cv. Niki) at growth stages 5, 9 and 16 of the Feekes scale increased from 100 % (0.272 mg cm –3 soil) to 132 % and 139 %, respectively. Root mass was always greater in no‐tillage (NT) plots than in ploughed‐tillage (CT) plots and was also greater where manure was applied in comparison to plots without manure. The root density at growth stages 5, 9 and 16 over all treatments was 0.197, 0.224 and 0.238 cm cm –3 soil, respectively. At growth stage 5, the root density in NT plots was 9 % greater than that in CT plots, and in rotary hoed (MT) plots it was 3 % greater. At this same growth stage, soil fertilization with NP, farmyard manure (30 t ha −1 ) and NP plus farmyard manure improved the root density of barley by up to 5, 10 and 11 %, respectively, in comparison with control plots. The diameter of barley roots was clearly biggest in CT plots, while in NT plots the thinnest roots were found. The mean diameter was 0.63, 0.75 and 0.78 mm at growth stages 5, 9 and 16, respectively (over all treatments). Significant correlation coefficients were found between root density (RD) and the soil properties bulk density (BD), porosity (P), penetration resistance (PR) and mean weight diameter of aggregates (MWD). For example, the highest r values were as follows: at growth stage 5, r=0.95 (P < 0.001) for P and r=0.86 (P < 0.001) for MWD; at growth stage 9, r=−0.97 (P < 0.001) for PR and r=0.96 (P < 0.001) for P, and finally at growth stage 16, r=0.97 (P < 0.001) for P and r=−0.97 (P < 0.001) for PR.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Root mass of winter barley increased to 132% and 139% of the stage 5 value at growth stages 9 and 16.
- Taxon
- winter barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaree0 - Organ / stage
- growth stages 5, 9 and 16 of the Feekes scalee1
- Outcome
- root masse0
- Value
- 132 % and 139 %e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The root mass of winter barley ( Hordeum vulgare cv. Niki)”
e1“at growth stages 5, 9 and 16 of the Feekes scale increased from 100 % (0.272 mg cm –3 soil) to 132 % and 139 %, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Root mass was greater in no-tillage plots than in ploughed-tillage plots.
- Taxon
- winter barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- no‐tillage (NT) plotse2
- Outcome
- Root masse2
- Direction
- greatere2
- Comparator
- ploughed‐tillage (CT) plotse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The root mass of winter barley ( Hordeum vulgare cv. Niki)”
e2“Root mass was always greater in no‐tillage (NT) plots than in ploughed‐tillage (CT) plots and was also greater where manure was applied in comparison to plots without manure”
Claim · model-written summary
Root mass was greater where manure was applied than in plots without manure.
- Taxon
- winter barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- manure was appliede2
- Outcome
- Root masse2
- Direction
- greatere2
- Comparator
- plots without manuree2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The root mass of winter barley ( Hordeum vulgare cv. Niki)”
e2“Root mass was always greater in no‐tillage (NT) plots than in ploughed‐tillage (CT) plots and was also greater where manure was applied in comparison to plots without manure”
Claim · model-written summary
Root density over all treatments was 0.197, 0.224 and 0.238 cm cm –3 soil at growth stages 5, 9 and 16.
- Taxon
- winter barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Organ / stage
- growth stages 5, 9 and 16e3
- Outcome
- root densitye3
- Value
- 0.197, 0.224 and 0.238 cm cm –3 soile3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The root mass of winter barley ( Hordeum vulgare cv. Niki)”
e3“The root density at growth stages 5, 9 and 16 over all treatments was 0.197, 0.224 and 0.238 cm cm –3 soil, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
At growth stage 5, root density in NT plots was 9% greater than in CT plots.
- Taxon
- winter barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Organ / stage
- growth stage 5e4
- Treatment
- NT plotse4
- Outcome
- root densitye4
- Direction
- greatere4
- Value
- 9 %e4
- Comparator
- CT plotse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The root mass of winter barley ( Hordeum vulgare cv. Niki)”
e4“At growth stage 5, the root density in NT plots was 9 % greater than that in CT plots, and in rotary hoed (MT) plots it was 3 % greater”
Claim · model-written summary
At growth stage 5, root density in rotary hoed (MT) plots was 3% greater.
- Taxon
- winter barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Organ / stage
- growth stage 5e4
- Treatment
- rotary hoed (MT) plotse4
- Outcome
- root densitye4
- Direction
- greatere4
- Value
- 3 %e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The root mass of winter barley ( Hordeum vulgare cv. Niki)”
e4“At growth stage 5, the root density in NT plots was 9 % greater than that in CT plots, and in rotary hoed (MT) plots it was 3 % greater”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil fertilization with NP improved barley root density by up to 5% over control plots at growth stage 5.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree5
- Treatment
- soil fertilization with NPe5
- Outcome
- root densitye5
- Direction
- improvede5
- Value
- 5e5
- Comparator
- control plotse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The root mass of winter barley ( Hordeum vulgare cv. Niki)”
e5“soil fertilization with NP, farmyard manure (30 t ha −1 ) and NP plus farmyard manure improved the root density of barley by up to 5, 10 and 11 %, respectively, in comparison with control plots”
Claim · model-written summary
Farmyard manure improved barley root density by up to 10% over control plots at growth stage 5.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree5
- Treatment
- farmyard manuree5
- Outcome
- root densitye5
- Direction
- improvede5
- Value
- 10e5
- Comparator
- control plotse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The root mass of winter barley ( Hordeum vulgare cv. Niki)”
e5“soil fertilization with NP, farmyard manure (30 t ha −1 ) and NP plus farmyard manure improved the root density of barley by up to 5, 10 and 11 %, respectively, in comparison with control plots”
Claim · model-written summary
NP plus farmyard manure improved barley root density by up to 11% over control plots at growth stage 5.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree5
- Treatment
- NP plus farmyard manuree5
- Outcome
- root densitye5
- Direction
- improvede5
- Value
- 11 %e5
- Comparator
- control plotse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The root mass of winter barley ( Hordeum vulgare cv. Niki)”
e5“soil fertilization with NP, farmyard manure (30 t ha −1 ) and NP plus farmyard manure improved the root density of barley by up to 5, 10 and 11 %, respectively, in comparison with control plots”
Claim · model-written summary
Barley roots were thickest in ploughed-tillage plots and thinnest in no-tillage plots.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree6
- Treatment
- CT plotse6
- Outcome
- diameter of barley rootse6
- Direction
- biggeste6
- Comparator
- NT plotse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The root mass of winter barley ( Hordeum vulgare cv. Niki)”
e6“The diameter of barley roots was clearly biggest in CT plots, while in NT plots the thinnest roots were found”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean root diameter was 0.63, 0.75 and 0.78 mm at growth stages 5, 9 and 16.
- Taxon
- winter barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Organ / stage
- growth stages 5, 9 and 16e7
- Outcome
- mean diametere7
- Value
- 0.63, 0.75 and 0.78 mme7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The root mass of winter barley ( Hordeum vulgare cv. Niki)”
e7“The mean diameter was 0.63, 0.75 and 0.78 mm at growth stages 5, 9 and 16, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Root density was significantly correlated with soil bulk density, porosity, penetration resistance and aggregate stability.
- Taxon
- winter barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- soil propertiese1
- Outcome
- root density (RD)e1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The root mass of winter barley ( Hordeum vulgare cv. Niki)”
e1“Significant correlation coefficients were found between root density (RD) and the soil properties bulk density (BD), porosity (P), penetration resistance (PR) and mean weight diameter of aggregates (MWD)”
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