Abstract
Abstract Pre‐ and post‐transplant growth of bedding plants is affected by seedling nutrition. However, there is little information available on how seedling nutrition affects the growth of ornamental bedding plants. In this study, we quantified the effects of nitrogen (N) (8 to 32 mM) and phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) concentration (0.25 to 1 mM) of the seedling fertilizer on pre‐ and post‐transplant growth and nutrient element content of salvia (Salvia splendens F. Sellow ex Roem. & Schult.) and vinca (Catharanthus roseus L.) seedlings. Shoot growth of salvia and vinca increased with increasing concentrations of N in the pre‐transplant fertilizer and these differences lasted until the end of the study at 15 days after transplanting. Pre‐transplant root dry mass of these species was not affected by the N concentration of the fertilizer, but root dry mass at 12 days after transplanting was positively correlated with the N concentration of the pre‐transplant fertilizer. Increasing N concentrations in the seedling fertilizer increased tissue N levels of salvia and decreased tissue K level of vinca at transplanting. Increasing P and K concentrations in the pre‐transplant fertilizer increased tissue P level of salvia and P and K levels of vinca, but had little effect on seedling growth. Leaf area and root dry mass at transplanting decreased slightly with increasing P and K concentration in the fertilizer. There were no lasting effects of pre‐transplant P and K concentration of the fertilizer. These results indicate that salvia and vinca seedlings can benefit from high concentrations of N (up to 32 mM) in the fertilizer, while only low concentrations of P and K (0.25 mM) are needed.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
Salvia shoot growth increased with pretransplant nitrogen and persisted through 15 days after transplanting.
- Treatment
- concentrations of N in the pre‐transplant fertilizere0
- Outcome
- Shoot growthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- 15 days after transplantinge0
SalviaNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shoot growth of salvia and vinca increased with increasing concentrations of N in the pre‐transplant fertilizer and these differences lasted until the end of the study at 15 days after transplanting.”
Claim · model-written summary
Vinca shoot growth increased with pretransplant nitrogen and persisted through 15 days after transplanting.
- Treatment
- concentrations of N in the pre‐transplant fertilizere0
- Outcome
- Shoot growthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- 15 days after transplantinge0
VincaNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shoot growth of salvia and vinca increased with increasing concentrations of N in the pre‐transplant fertilizer and these differences lasted until the end of the study at 15 days after transplanting.”
Claim · model-written summary
Salvia pretransplant root dry mass was unaffected by fertilizer nitrogen.
- Treatment
- N concentration of the fertilizere0
- Outcome
- Pre‐transplant root dry masse0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pre‐transplant root dry mass of these species was not affected by the N concentration of the fertilizer”
t0“salvia”
Claim · model-written summary
Vinca pretransplant root dry mass was unaffected by fertilizer nitrogen.
- Treatment
- N concentration of the fertilizere0
- Outcome
- Pre‐transplant root dry masse0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pre‐transplant root dry mass of these species was not affected by the N concentration of the fertilizer”
t0“vinca”
Claim · model-written summary
Salvia root dry mass at 12 days after transplanting correlated positively with pretransplant fertilizer nitrogen.
- Treatment
- N concentration of the pre‐transplant fertilizere0
- Outcome
- root dry masse0
- Direction
- positively correlatede0
- Qualifier
- 12 days after transplantinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“root dry mass at 12 days after transplanting was positively correlated with the N concentration of the pre‐transplant fertilizer”
t0“salvia”
Claim · model-written summary
Vinca root dry mass at 12 days after transplanting correlated positively with pretransplant fertilizer nitrogen.
- Treatment
- N concentration of the pre‐transplant fertilizere0
- Outcome
- root dry masse0
- Direction
- positively correlatede0
- Qualifier
- 12 days after transplantinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“root dry mass at 12 days after transplanting was positively correlated with the N concentration of the pre‐transplant fertilizer”
t0“vinca”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing fertilizer nitrogen increased salvia tissue nitrogen at transplanting.
- Organ / stage
- transplantinge0
- Treatment
- N concentrations in the seedling fertilizere0
- Outcome
- tissue N levelse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing N concentrations in the seedling fertilizer increased tissue N levels of salvia and decreased tissue K level of vinca at transplanting.”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing fertilizer nitrogen decreased vinca tissue potassium at transplanting.
- Organ / stage
- transplantinge0
- Treatment
- N concentrations in the seedling fertilizere0
- Outcome
- tissue K levele0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing N concentrations in the seedling fertilizer increased tissue N levels of salvia and decreased tissue K level of vinca at transplanting.”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing pretransplant phosphorus and potassium increased salvia tissue phosphorus.
- Treatment
- P and K concentrations in the pre‐transplant fertilizere0
- Outcome
- tissue P levele0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing P and K concentrations in the pre‐transplant fertilizer increased tissue P level of salvia and P and K levels of vinca, but had little effect on seedling growth.”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing pretransplant phosphorus and potassium increased vinca tissue phosphorus and potassium.
- Treatment
- P and K concentrations in the pre‐transplant fertilizere0
- Outcome
- P and K levelse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing P and K concentrations in the pre‐transplant fertilizer increased tissue P level of salvia and P and K levels of vinca, but had little effect on seedling growth.”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus and potassium concentrations had little effect on salvia seedling growth.
- Treatment
- P and K concentrations in the pre‐transplant fertilizere0
- Outcome
- seedling growthe0
- Direction
- little effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing P and K concentrations in the pre‐transplant fertilizer increased tissue P level of salvia and P and K levels of vinca, but had little effect on seedling growth.”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus and potassium concentrations had little effect on vinca seedling growth.
- Treatment
- P and K concentrations in the pre‐transplant fertilizere0
- Outcome
- seedling growthe0
- Direction
- little effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing P and K concentrations in the pre‐transplant fertilizer increased tissue P level of salvia and P and K levels of vinca, but had little effect on seedling growth.”
Claim · model-written summary
Salvia leaf area and root dry mass at transplanting decreased slightly with phosphorus and potassium concentration.
- Organ / stage
- transplantinge0
- Treatment
- P and K concentration in the fertilizere0
- Outcome
- Leaf area and root dry masse0
- Direction
- decreased slightlye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf area and root dry mass at transplanting decreased slightly with increasing P and K concentration in the fertilizer.”
t0“salvia”
Claim · model-written summary
Vinca leaf area and root dry mass at transplanting decreased slightly with phosphorus and potassium concentration.
- Organ / stage
- transplantinge0
- Treatment
- P and K concentration in the fertilizere0
- Outcome
- Leaf area and root dry masse0
- Direction
- decreased slightlye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf area and root dry mass at transplanting decreased slightly with increasing P and K concentration in the fertilizer.”
t0“vinca”
Claim · model-written summary
Pretransplant phosphorus and potassium had no lasting effects in salvia.
- Treatment
- pre‐transplant P and K concentration of the fertilizere0
- Outcome
- no lasting effectse0
- Direction
- no lasting effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There were no lasting effects of pre‐transplant P and K concentration of the fertilizer.”
t0“salvia”
Claim · model-written summary
Pretransplant phosphorus and potassium had no lasting effects in vinca.
- Treatment
- pre‐transplant P and K concentration of the fertilizere0
- Outcome
- no lasting effectse0
- Direction
- no lasting effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There were no lasting effects of pre‐transplant P and K concentration of the fertilizer.”
t0“vinca”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend nitrogen up to 32 mM and low phosphorus and potassium at 0.25 mM for salvia seedlings.
- Outcome
- high concentrations of N (up to 32 mM) in the fertilizer, while only low concentrations of P and K (0.25 mM)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salvia and vinca seedlings can benefit from high concentrations of N (up to 32 mM) in the fertilizer, while only low concentrations of P and K (0.25 mM) are needed”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend nitrogen up to 32 mM and low phosphorus and potassium at 0.25 mM for vinca seedlings.
- Outcome
- high concentrations of N (up to 32 mM) in the fertilizer, while only low concentrations of P and K (0.25 mM)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salvia and vinca seedlings can benefit from high concentrations of N (up to 32 mM) in the fertilizer, while only low concentrations of P and K (0.25 mM) are needed”
The same questions in other papers
phosphorus · growth · Salvia (sages)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
fertilization · growth · VincaPositive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →fertilization · growth · Salvia (sages)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →phosphorus · growth · VincaResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
potassium · growth · Salvia (sages)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
- no effect
potassium · growth · VincaResults agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.