Paper · 2012 · International Journal of Vegetable Science

Soil Amendment on Growth, Nodulation, Yield, Soil Health, and Economics of Cowpea

P. K. Panda; Alok Nandi; P. K. Swain; et al.

4
claims
11
verbatim quotes
9
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Organic fertilizer might be able to be used without sacrificing cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] productivity and contribute to maintaining soil health. A field experiment was conducted during the rainy season months of July to October of 2008 and 2009 to study effects of use of the organic amendments groundnut cake, Pongamia cake, neem cake, mustard cake, cow manure, vermicompost, and poultry manure used alone, and in combinations, on growth, nodulation, yield, soil health, and profitability of cowpea, cv. Utkal Manika, in a sandy loam soil. Use of organic amendments and beneficial bacteria could improve growth, nodulation, yield, and profitability of cowpea and improve soil health. Organic amendments were at least as good as the control (recommended rate of N–P–K fertilizer).

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 4

Intervention effectauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Organic amendments and beneficial bacteria could improve growth and nodulation of cowpea compared with the recommended N-P-K control.

Treatment
organic amendments and beneficial bacteriae1
Outcome
growth, nodulatione1
Direction
improvee1
Qualifier
coulde1
Comparator
control (recommended rate of N–P–K fertilizer)e2
Setting
field experimente3

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“Use of organic amendments and beneficial bacteria could improve growth, nodulation, yield, and profitability of cowpea and improve soil health.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 553–696 · show in text ↑
e2

“Organic amendments were at least as good as the control (recommended rate of N–P–K fertilizer).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 697–792 · show in text ↑
e3

“A field experiment was conducted during the rainy season months of July to October of 2008 and 2009”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 157–256 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Organic amendments and beneficial bacteria could improve yield and profitability of cowpea compared with the recommended N-P-K control.

Treatment
organic amendments and beneficial bacteriae1
Outcome
yield, and profitabilitye1
Direction
improvee1
Qualifier
coulde1
Comparator
control (recommended rate of N–P–K fertilizer)e2
Setting
field experimente3

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“Use of organic amendments and beneficial bacteria could improve growth, nodulation, yield, and profitability of cowpea and improve soil health.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 553–696 · show in text ↑
e2

“Organic amendments were at least as good as the control (recommended rate of N–P–K fertilizer).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 697–792 · show in text ↑
e3

“A field experiment was conducted during the rainy season months of July to October of 2008 and 2009”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 157–256 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Organic amendments and beneficial bacteria could improve soil health under cowpea cultivation compared with the recommended N-P-K control.

Treatment
organic amendments and beneficial bacteriae1
Outcome
soil healthe1
Direction
improvee1
Qualifier
coulde1
Comparator
control (recommended rate of N–P–K fertilizer)e2
Setting
field experimente3

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“Use of organic amendments and beneficial bacteria could improve growth, nodulation, yield, and profitability of cowpea and improve soil health.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 553–696 · show in text ↑
e2

“Organic amendments were at least as good as the control (recommended rate of N–P–K fertilizer).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 697–792 · show in text ↑
e3

“A field experiment was conducted during the rainy season months of July to October of 2008 and 2009”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 157–256 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Organic amendments were at least as good as the recommended N-P-K control for cowpea.

Treatment
Organic amendmentse2
Outcome
at least as goode2
Direction
at least as goode2
Comparator
control (recommended rate of N–P–K fertilizer)e2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“Use of organic amendments and beneficial bacteria could improve growth, nodulation, yield, and profitability of cowpea and improve soil health.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 553–696 · show in text ↑
e2

“Organic amendments were at least as good as the control (recommended rate of N–P–K fertilizer).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 697–792 · show in text ↑

inoculation · symbiosis · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results differ

69 papers: 57 positive, 12 negative or no effect

56 papers in the same direction as this paper · 11 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. negative

65 papers more in this group

See all 69 papers →

inoculation · yield · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results differ

116 papers: 99 positive, 17 negative or no effect

98 papers in the same direction as this paper · 16 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. no effect

112 papers more in this group

See all 116 papers →

organic · yield · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results

20 papers: 19 positive, 1 negative or no effect

18 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

16 papers more in this group

See all 20 papers →

organic · symbiosis · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results agree

6 papers: 6 positive, 0 negative or no effect

5 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

2 papers more in this group

See all 6 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.