Abstract
Olli and Vantage barley were grown in plant growth chambers under 27 combinations of photoperiod at continuous temperatures of 55° and 75°F. in two consecutive experiments. The photoperiod treatments (8, 16 and 24 hours) were applied during seeding to internode elongation (Stage I), internode elongation to heading (Stage II), and heading to maturity (Stage III) of the first culm.Increases in photoperiod during Stage I reduced the number of days from seeding to internode elongation and heading but increased the number of days from heading to maturity, reduced leaf number and height, weight of stem and head, stem length, head length, number of florets and kernels per head, and fertility for the first culm. Time of initiation of tillering relative to elongation of the first internode of the first culm was advanced for Olli but delayed for Vantage with the increases in photoperiod. Tillering extended over a longer period and tillers were more numerous under 16- than under 8-or 24-hour photoperiods during Stage I.Increases in photoperiod during Stage II reduced the number of days from internode elongation to heading but generally increased leaf, stem and head development, and fertility for the first culm, and increased the number of fertile tillers. Increases in photoperiod during Stage III reduced the number of days from heading to maturity of the first culm and increased the number of fertile tillers.An increase in the temperature from 55° to 75°F. reduced the duration and extent of development of the first culm, delayed commencement and reduced duration of tiller initiation, and reduced the number and extent of development of the tillers. The influence of temperature decreased with increase in length of photoperiod.Olli and Vantage differed in duration of leaf initiation and number of leaves associated with the first culm, in kernel weight and in the relative time of initiation of tillering. They were essentially similar in duration and extent of stem and head development and fertility for the first culm, in the duration of tillering and number of tillers produced, and in the extent of stem, head and kernel development of the tillers.There were significant associations of number of days from seeding to internode elongation with number of leaves on the first culm, among stem length, head length, number of florets per head and weight of the stem and head, and of number of tillers with duration of tillering.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Longer Stage I photoperiod shortened seeding to elongation and heading.
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Hordeum vulgareNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
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Verbatim
e0“Increases in photoperiod during Stage I reduced the number of days from seeding to internode elongation and heading”
t0“SPRING BARLEY”
e1“Increases in photoperiod during Stage I reduced the number of days from seeding to internode elongation and heading”
e2“Increases in photoperiod during Stage II reduced the number of days from internode elongation to heading”
e3“An increase in the temperature from 55° to 75°F. reduced the duration and extent of development of the first culm”
Claim · model-written summary
Longer Stage I photoperiod lengthened heading to maturity.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased the number of days from heading to maturity”
t0“SPRING BARLEY”
e1“Increases in photoperiod during Stage I reduced the number of days from seeding to internode elongation and heading”
e2“Increases in photoperiod during Stage II reduced the number of days from internode elongation to heading”
e3“An increase in the temperature from 55° to 75°F. reduced the duration and extent of development of the first culm”
Claim · model-written summary
Longer Stage I photoperiod reduced leaf number, height and stem weight.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduced leaf number and height, weight of stem and head, stem length, head length, number of florets and kernels per head, and fertility for the first culm”
t0“SPRING BARLEY”
e1“Increases in photoperiod during Stage I reduced the number of days from seeding to internode elongation and heading”
e2“Increases in photoperiod during Stage II reduced the number of days from internode elongation to heading”
e3“An increase in the temperature from 55° to 75°F. reduced the duration and extent of development of the first culm”
Claim · model-written summary
Longer Stage I photoperiod reduced stem and head length and florets per head.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduced leaf number and height, weight of stem and head, stem length, head length, number of florets and kernels per head, and fertility for the first culm”
t0“SPRING BARLEY”
e1“Increases in photoperiod during Stage I reduced the number of days from seeding to internode elongation and heading”
e2“Increases in photoperiod during Stage II reduced the number of days from internode elongation to heading”
e3“An increase in the temperature from 55° to 75°F. reduced the duration and extent of development of the first culm”
Claim · model-written summary
Longer Stage I photoperiod reduced kernels per head and fertility.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“number of florets and kernels per head, and fertility for the first culm”
t0“SPRING BARLEY”
e1“Increases in photoperiod during Stage I reduced the number of days from seeding to internode elongation and heading”
e2“Increases in photoperiod during Stage II reduced the number of days from internode elongation to heading”
e3“An increase in the temperature from 55° to 75°F. reduced the duration and extent of development of the first culm”
Claim · model-written summary
Longer photoperiod advanced tillering initiation in Olli.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Time of initiation of tillering relative to elongation of the first internode of the first culm was advanced for Olli but delayed for Vantage with the increases in photoperiod”
t0“SPRING BARLEY”
e1“Increases in photoperiod during Stage I reduced the number of days from seeding to internode elongation and heading”
e2“Increases in photoperiod during Stage II reduced the number of days from internode elongation to heading”
e3“An increase in the temperature from 55° to 75°F. reduced the duration and extent of development of the first culm”
Claim · model-written summary
Longer photoperiod delayed tillering initiation in Vantage.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Time of initiation of tillering relative to elongation of the first internode of the first culm was advanced for Olli but delayed for Vantage with the increases in photoperiod”
t0“SPRING BARLEY”
e1“Increases in photoperiod during Stage I reduced the number of days from seeding to internode elongation and heading”
e2“Increases in photoperiod during Stage II reduced the number of days from internode elongation to heading”
e3“An increase in the temperature from 55° to 75°F. reduced the duration and extent of development of the first culm”
Claim · model-written summary
Stage I 16-hour days prolonged tillering and yielded more tillers than 8- or 24-hour days.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tillering extended over a longer period and tillers were more numerous under 16- than under 8-or 24-hour photoperiods during Stage I”
t0“SPRING BARLEY”
e1“Increases in photoperiod during Stage I reduced the number of days from seeding to internode elongation and heading”
e2“Increases in photoperiod during Stage II reduced the number of days from internode elongation to heading”
e3“An increase in the temperature from 55° to 75°F. reduced the duration and extent of development of the first culm”
Claim · model-written summary
Longer Stage II photoperiod shortened elongation to heading.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increases in photoperiod during Stage II reduced the number of days from internode elongation to heading”
t0“SPRING BARLEY”
e1“Increases in photoperiod during Stage I reduced the number of days from seeding to internode elongation and heading”
e2“Increases in photoperiod during Stage II reduced the number of days from internode elongation to heading”
e3“An increase in the temperature from 55° to 75°F. reduced the duration and extent of development of the first culm”
Claim · model-written summary
Longer Stage II photoperiod increased leaf, stem, head development and fertility.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“generally increased leaf, stem and head development, and fertility for the first culm”
t0“SPRING BARLEY”
e1“Increases in photoperiod during Stage I reduced the number of days from seeding to internode elongation and heading”
e2“Increases in photoperiod during Stage II reduced the number of days from internode elongation to heading”
e3“An increase in the temperature from 55° to 75°F. reduced the duration and extent of development of the first culm”
Claim · model-written summary
Longer Stage II photoperiod increased fertile tiller number.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increases in photoperiod during Stage II reduced the number of days from internode elongation to heading but generally increased leaf, stem and head development, and fertility for the first culm, and increased the number of fertile tillers”
t0“SPRING BARLEY”
e1“Increases in photoperiod during Stage I reduced the number of days from seeding to internode elongation and heading”
e2“Increases in photoperiod during Stage II reduced the number of days from internode elongation to heading”
e3“An increase in the temperature from 55° to 75°F. reduced the duration and extent of development of the first culm”
Claim · model-written summary
Longer Stage III photoperiod shortened heading to maturity.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increases in photoperiod during Stage III reduced the number of days from heading to maturity of the first culm”
t0“SPRING BARLEY”
e1“Increases in photoperiod during Stage I reduced the number of days from seeding to internode elongation and heading”
e2“Increases in photoperiod during Stage II reduced the number of days from internode elongation to heading”
e3“An increase in the temperature from 55° to 75°F. reduced the duration and extent of development of the first culm”
Claim · model-written summary
Longer Stage III photoperiod increased fertile tiller number.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increases in photoperiod during Stage III reduced the number of days from heading to maturity of the first culm and increased the number of fertile tillers”
t0“SPRING BARLEY”
e1“Increases in photoperiod during Stage I reduced the number of days from seeding to internode elongation and heading”
e2“Increases in photoperiod during Stage II reduced the number of days from internode elongation to heading”
e3“An increase in the temperature from 55° to 75°F. reduced the duration and extent of development of the first culm”
Claim · model-written summary
Warming from 55 to 75°F reduced first culm duration and development.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An increase in the temperature from 55° to 75°F. reduced the duration and extent of development of the first culm”
t0“SPRING BARLEY”
e1“Increases in photoperiod during Stage I reduced the number of days from seeding to internode elongation and heading”
e2“Increases in photoperiod during Stage II reduced the number of days from internode elongation to heading”
e3“An increase in the temperature from 55° to 75°F. reduced the duration and extent of development of the first culm”
Claim · model-written summary
Warming delayed tiller initiation and shortened its duration.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“delayed commencement and reduced duration of tiller initiation”
t0“SPRING BARLEY”
e1“Increases in photoperiod during Stage I reduced the number of days from seeding to internode elongation and heading”
e2“Increases in photoperiod during Stage II reduced the number of days from internode elongation to heading”
e3“An increase in the temperature from 55° to 75°F. reduced the duration and extent of development of the first culm”
Claim · model-written summary
Warming reduced tiller number and development.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduced the number and extent of development of the tillers”
t0“SPRING BARLEY”
e1“Increases in photoperiod during Stage I reduced the number of days from seeding to internode elongation and heading”
e2“Increases in photoperiod during Stage II reduced the number of days from internode elongation to heading”
e3“An increase in the temperature from 55° to 75°F. reduced the duration and extent of development of the first culm”
Claim · model-written summary
Temperature influence decreased as photoperiod lengthened.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The influence of temperature decreased with increase in length of photoperiod”
t0“SPRING BARLEY”
e1“Increases in photoperiod during Stage I reduced the number of days from seeding to internode elongation and heading”
e2“Increases in photoperiod during Stage II reduced the number of days from internode elongation to heading”
e3“An increase in the temperature from 55° to 75°F. reduced the duration and extent of development of the first culm”
Claim · model-written summary
Olli and Vantage differed in leaf initiation duration, leaf number, and kernel weight.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Olli and Vantage differed in duration of leaf initiation and number of leaves associated with the first culm, in kernel weight and in the relative time of initiation of tillering”
t0“SPRING BARLEY”
e1“Increases in photoperiod during Stage I reduced the number of days from seeding to internode elongation and heading”
e2“Increases in photoperiod during Stage II reduced the number of days from internode elongation to heading”
e3“An increase in the temperature from 55° to 75°F. reduced the duration and extent of development of the first culm”
Claim · model-written summary
Olli and Vantage were similar in stem and head development, fertility, and tillering.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“They were essentially similar in duration and extent of stem and head development and fertility for the first culm, in the duration of tillering and number of tillers produced, and in the extent of stem, head and kernel development of the tillers”
t0“SPRING BARLEY”
e1“Increases in photoperiod during Stage I reduced the number of days from seeding to internode elongation and heading”
e2“Increases in photoperiod during Stage II reduced the number of days from internode elongation to heading”
e3“An increase in the temperature from 55° to 75°F. reduced the duration and extent of development of the first culm”
Claim · model-written summary
Developmental timing, organ traits and tillering showed significant associations.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There were significant associations of number of days from seeding to internode elongation with number of leaves on the first culm, among stem length, head length, number of florets per head and weight of the stem and head, and of number of tillers with duration of tillering”
t0“SPRING BARLEY”
e1“Increases in photoperiod during Stage I reduced the number of days from seeding to internode elongation and heading”
e2“Increases in photoperiod during Stage II reduced the number of days from internode elongation to heading”
e3“An increase in the temperature from 55° to 75°F. reduced the duration and extent of development of the first culm”
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