Abstract
Two selections of wild safflower ( Carthamns palaestinus Eig.) possessing short‐term seed dormancy and three cultivars of domestic safflower ( C. tinctorius L.) were used in crosses to study the genetics of seed (achene) dormancy and its association with other traits. Seeds from the parents of each cross differed significantly in all germination periods (24, 48, and 72 hours after 2 and 24 weeks of storage). Seed of all populations stored for 24 weeks had higher germination percentage than that stored for 2 weeks, which indicated that seed dormancy was lessened by long‐term storage. Variability of the F 2 generation was of genetic origin, except in a few cases. Heritability in the broad sense ranged from 0 to 99% for 2 and 24 weeks of storage. Heritability estimates in the narrow sense were 55, 46, and 33% for 24, 48, and 72 hours of germination, respectively, for 2 weeks of storage. Except for one case, gene action was nonadditive. Seed germination characteristics were quantitatively inherited. The expectation of genetic advance for 48 hours of seed germination was higher than that of 24 and 72 hours of germination for 2 weeks of storage. Thus, selection for 48 hours of a 2 week storage period should be most desirable. Germination of seeds from plants with striped hulls and green midveins of cotyledons was higher than germination of those with nonstriped hulls and purple midveins. Correlation coefficients for all germination periods with seed weight and pappus were low. Correlation coefficients for seed weight with pappus were also low. Thus, these traits are not important in breeding for seed dormancy.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Safflower parents differed significantly in seed germination across all tested periods.
- Taxon
- Safflower
Carthamus tinctoriust0 - Organ / stage
- Seedse0
- Outcome
- germination periodse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seeds from the parents of each cross differed significantly in all germination periods (24, 48, and 72 hours after 2 and 24 weeks of storage)”
t0“Safflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Storage for 24 weeks increased safflower seed germination versus two weeks.
- Taxon
- SafflowerCarthamus tinctoriust0
- Treatment
- stored for 24 weekse0
- Outcome
- germination percentagee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- stored for 2 weekse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed of all populations stored for 24 weeks had higher germination percentage than that stored for 2 weeks”
t0“Safflower”
Claim · model-written summary
F2 variation in safflower germination was generally genetic.
- Taxon
- SafflowerCarthamus tinctoriust0
- Outcome
- Variability of the F 2 generation was of genetic origine0
- Qualifier
- except in a few casese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Variability of the F 2 generation was of genetic origin, except in a few cases”
t0“Safflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Broad-sense heritability of safflower germination ranged from 0 to 99%.
- Taxon
- SafflowerCarthamus tinctoriust0
- Outcome
- Heritability in the broad sensee0
- Value
- 0 to 99%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Heritability in the broad sense ranged from 0 to 99% for 2 and 24 weeks of storage”
t0“Safflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Narrow-sense heritability was 55% after 24 hours germination.
- Taxon
- SafflowerCarthamus tinctoriust0
- Outcome
- Heritability estimates in the narrow sensee0
- Value
- 55e0
- Qualifier
- 24, 48, and 72 hours of germinatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Heritability estimates in the narrow sense were 55, 46, and 33% for 24, 48, and 72 hours of germination, respectively, for 2 weeks of storage”
t0“Safflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Narrow-sense heritability was 46% after 48 hours germination.
- Taxon
- SafflowerCarthamus tinctoriust0
- Outcome
- Heritability estimates in the narrow sensee0
- Value
- 46e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Heritability estimates in the narrow sense were 55, 46, and 33% for 24, 48, and 72 hours of germination, respectively, for 2 weeks of storage”
t0“Safflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Narrow-sense heritability was 33% after 72 hours germination.
- Taxon
- SafflowerCarthamus tinctoriust0
- Outcome
- Heritability estimates in the narrow sensee0
- Value
- 33%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Heritability estimates in the narrow sense were 55, 46, and 33% for 24, 48, and 72 hours of germination, respectively, for 2 weeks of storage”
t0“Safflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Safflower germination gene action was usually nonadditive.
- Taxon
- SafflowerCarthamus tinctoriust0
- Outcome
- gene action was nonadditivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Except for one case, gene action was nonadditive”
t0“Safflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Safflower seed germination characteristics were quantitatively inherited.
- Taxon
- SafflowerCarthamus tinctoriust0
- Outcome
- Seed germination characteristics were quantitatively inheritede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed germination characteristics were quantitatively inherited”
t0“Safflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Expected genetic advance at 48 hours germination exceeded that at 24 and 72 hours.
- Taxon
- SafflowerCarthamus tinctoriust0
- Outcome
- expectation of genetic advancee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- 24 and 72 hours of germinatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The expectation of genetic advance for 48 hours of seed germination was higher than that of 24 and 72 hours of germination for 2 weeks of storage”
t0“Safflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Selection after 48 hours germination and two weeks storage is recommended.
- Taxon
- SafflowerCarthamus tinctoriust0
- Outcome
- selection for 48 hours of a 2 week storage periode0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“selection for 48 hours of a 2 week storage period should be most desirable”
t0“Safflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Seeds from striped-hull, green-midvein plants germinated more than those from nonstriped-hull, purple-midvein plants.
- Taxon
- SafflowerCarthamus tinctoriust0
- Material
- plants with striped hulls and green midveins of cotyledonse0
- Outcome
- Germination of seedse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- those with nonstriped hulls and purple midveinse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germination of seeds from plants with striped hulls and green midveins of cotyledons was higher than germination of those with nonstriped hulls and purple midveins”
t0“Safflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Correlations of safflower germination with seed weight and pappus were low.
- Taxon
- SafflowerCarthamus tinctoriust0
- Organ / stage
- seede0
- Outcome
- Correlation coefficients for all germination periods with seed weight and pappuse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Correlation coefficients for all germination periods with seed weight and pappus were low”
t0“Safflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Correlation between seed weight and pappus was low.
- Taxon
- SafflowerCarthamus tinctoriust0
- Organ / stage
- seede0
- Outcome
- Correlation coefficients for seed weight with pappuse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Correlation coefficients for seed weight with pappus were also low”
t0“Safflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed weight and pappus were deemed unimportant for breeding seed dormancy.
- Taxon
- SafflowerCarthamus tinctoriust0
- Outcome
- not important in breeding for seed dormancye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these traits are not important in breeding for seed dormancy”
t0“Safflower”
The same questions in other papers
storage · growth · Carthamus tinctorius (safflower)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.