Abstract
Seed set of rice ( Oryza sativa L.) is highly sensitive to short episodes of high temperature at anthesis events that are likely to be more frequent in future climates. Breeding for tolerance is therefore an essential component of adaptation to climate variability and change. Experiments were conducted in 2003 and 2004 at optimum (30°C daytime) and high (35 and 38°C) air temperature using parents of some prominent mapping populations (i) to determine whether there were differences in the daily flowering pattern and hence a potential heat avoidance mechanism, and (ii) to identify rice genotypes having true heat tolerance during anthesis, that is, high seed set in spikelets exposed to high temperature. Rice cultivar CG14 ( O. glaberrima ) reached peak anthesis earlier in the morning (1.5 h after dawn) under both control (30°C) and high (38°C) temperature conditions than O. sativa genotypes (≥3 h after dawn). Exposure to high temperature (centered on the time of peak anthesis) for 6 h reduced spikelet fertility more than exposure for 2 h, and fertility was lower at 38°C than at 35°C. Genotypic ranking for spikelet fertility at 35 and 38°C was highly correlated in both 2003 and 2004. Fertility was also highly correlated across years, suggesting a consistent and reproducible response of spikelet fertility to temperature. The check cultivar N22 was the most heat tolerant genotype (64–86% fertility at 38°C) and cultivars Azucena and Moroberekan the most susceptible (<8%).
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
CG14 reached peak anthesis 1.5 hours after dawn, earlier than O. sativa genotypes under both temperatures.
- Taxon
- O. glaberrima
Oryza glaberrimae0 - Material
- CG14e0
- Outcome
- peak anthesise0
- Direction
- earliere0
- Value
- 1.5 h after dawne0
- Comparator
- O. sativa genotypese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rice cultivar CG14 ( O. glaberrima ) reached peak anthesis earlier in the morning (1.5 h after dawn) under both control (30°C) and high (38°C) temperature conditions than O. sativa genotypes (≥3 h after dawn).”
Claim · model-written summary
Six hours of heat reduced spikelet fertility more than two hours.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- Exposure to high temperature (centered on the time of peak anthesis) for 6 he0
- Outcome
- spikelet fertilitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- exposure for 2 he0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exposure to high temperature (centered on the time of peak anthesis) for 6 h reduced spikelet fertility more than exposure for 2 h”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Spikelet fertility was lower at 38°C than at 35°C.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fertility was lower at 38°C than at 35°C.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Genotype rankings for spikelet fertility correlated strongly between 35°C and 38°C in both years.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 35 and 38°Ce0
- Outcome
- Genotypic ranking for spikelet fertilitye0
- Direction
- highly correlatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Genotypic ranking for spikelet fertility at 35 and 38°C was highly correlated in both 2003 and 2004.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertility was strongly correlated across years.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- Fertilitye0
- Direction
- highly correlatede0
- Setting
- across yearse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fertility was also highly correlated across years”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
N22 was the most heat tolerant cultivar, with 64–86% fertility at 38°C.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The check cultivar N22 was the most heat tolerant genotype (64–86% fertility at 38°C)”
Claim · model-written summary
Azucena and Moroberekan were most susceptible, with less than 8% fertility.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Azucena and Moroberekane0
- Outcome
- most susceptiblee0
- Value
- <8%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cultivars Azucena and Moroberekan the most susceptible (<8%).”
t0“Rice”
The same questions in other papers
heat · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
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