Abstract
Methyl bromide (MeBr), classified as a Class I ozone-depleting substance, has been banned for ordinary agricultural uses. Weed control in commercial bell pepper production is complicated by the ban on MeBr and the lack of other available and effective soil fumigants. A field study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of allyl isothiocyanate (ITC) and metam sodium (methyl ITC generator) as MeBr alternatives for control of Palmer amaranth, large crabgrass, and yellow nutsedge; and for increasing marketable yields in low-density polyethylene (LDPE) –mulched bell pepper. Allyl ITC was applied at 450, 600, and 750 kg ha −1 ; metam sodium was applied at 180, 270, and 360 kg ha −1 ; and MeBr plus chloropicrin (67% and 33%, respectively) was applied at 390 kg ha −1 . Allyl ITC and metam sodium did not injure bell pepper. Allyl ITC at 750 kg ha −1 or metam sodium at 360 kg ha −1 controlled Palmer amaranth (≥ 83%), large crabgrass (≥ 78%), and yellow nutsedge (≥ 80%) comparably to MeBr. Yellow nutsedge tuber density was ≤ 84 tubers m −2 in plots treated with the highest rate of allyl ITC and metam sodium and was comparable to the tuber density in MeBr-treated plots. Although allyl ITC at 750 kg ha −1 controlled weeds comparable to MeBr, total marketable bell pepper yield with allyl ITC was lower than the yield with MeBr. Conversely, total marketable bell pepper yield with the highest rate of metam sodium (53.5 ton ha −1 ) was equivalent to the yield (62.5 ton ha −1 ) in plots treated with MeBr. In conclusion, metam sodium at 360 kg ha −1 is an effective MeBr alternative for weed control in LDPE–mulched bell pepper.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Allyl ITC did not injure bell pepper.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Allyl ITC and metam sodium did not injure bell pepper.”
Claim · model-written summary
metam sodium did not injure bell pepper.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Allyl ITC and metam sodium did not injure bell pepper.”
Claim · model-written summary
Allyl ITC at 750 kg ha −1 controlled Palmer amaranth by ≥ 83%, comparably to MeBr.
Verbatim
e0“Allyl ITC at 750 kg ha −1 or metam sodium at 360 kg ha −1 controlled Palmer amaranth (≥ 83%), large crabgrass (≥ 78%), and yellow nutsedge (≥ 80%) comparably to MeBr.”
t0“Bell Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
Allyl ITC at 750 kg ha −1 controlled large crabgrass by ≥ 78%, comparably to MeBr.
Verbatim
e0“Allyl ITC at 750 kg ha −1 or metam sodium at 360 kg ha −1 controlled Palmer amaranth (≥ 83%), large crabgrass (≥ 78%), and yellow nutsedge (≥ 80%) comparably to MeBr.”
t0“Bell Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
Allyl ITC at 750 kg ha −1 controlled yellow nutsedge by ≥ 80%, comparably to MeBr.
Verbatim
e0“Allyl ITC at 750 kg ha −1 or metam sodium at 360 kg ha −1 controlled Palmer amaranth (≥ 83%), large crabgrass (≥ 78%), and yellow nutsedge (≥ 80%) comparably to MeBr.”
t0“Bell Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
metam sodium at 360 kg ha −1 controlled Palmer amaranth by ≥ 83%, comparably to MeBr.
Verbatim
e0“Allyl ITC at 750 kg ha −1 or metam sodium at 360 kg ha −1 controlled Palmer amaranth (≥ 83%), large crabgrass (≥ 78%), and yellow nutsedge (≥ 80%) comparably to MeBr.”
t0“Bell Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
metam sodium at 360 kg ha −1 controlled large crabgrass by ≥ 78%, comparably to MeBr.
Verbatim
e0“Allyl ITC at 750 kg ha −1 or metam sodium at 360 kg ha −1 controlled Palmer amaranth (≥ 83%), large crabgrass (≥ 78%), and yellow nutsedge (≥ 80%) comparably to MeBr.”
t0“Bell Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
metam sodium at 360 kg ha −1 controlled yellow nutsedge by ≥ 80%, comparably to MeBr.
Verbatim
e0“Allyl ITC at 750 kg ha −1 or metam sodium at 360 kg ha −1 controlled Palmer amaranth (≥ 83%), large crabgrass (≥ 78%), and yellow nutsedge (≥ 80%) comparably to MeBr.”
t0“Bell Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
Yellow nutsedge tuber density under allyl ITC was at most 84 tubers m −2, comparable to MeBr.
Verbatim
e0“Yellow nutsedge tuber density was ≤ 84 tubers m −2 in plots treated with the highest rate of allyl ITC and metam sodium and was comparable to the tuber density in MeBr-treated plots.”
t0“bell pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
Yellow nutsedge tuber density under metam sodium was at most 84 tubers m −2, comparable to MeBr.
Verbatim
e0“Yellow nutsedge tuber density was ≤ 84 tubers m −2 in plots treated with the highest rate of allyl ITC and metam sodium and was comparable to the tuber density in MeBr-treated plots.”
t0“bell pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
Bell pepper yield under allyl ITC was lower than under MeBr.
Verbatim
e0“Although allyl ITC at 750 kg ha −1 controlled weeds comparable to MeBr, total marketable bell pepper yield with allyl ITC was lower than the yield with MeBr.”
Claim · model-written summary
Marketable bell pepper yield under the highest metam sodium rate was 53.5 ton ha −1, equivalent to MeBr.
Verbatim
e0“Conversely, total marketable bell pepper yield with the highest rate of metam sodium (53.5 ton ha −1 ) was equivalent to the yield (62.5 ton ha −1 ) in plots treated with MeBr.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend metam sodium at 360 kg ha −1 as a MeBr alternative for weed control in LDPE-mulched bell pepper.
Verbatim
e0“In conclusion, metam sodium at 360 kg ha −1 is an effective MeBr alternative for weed control in LDPE–mulched bell pepper.”
The same questions in other papers
isothiocyanate · quality: postharvest · Capsicum annuum (sweet pepper)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.