Abstract
Sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) residue is fragile and does not provide a lot of ground cover. Legumes intercropped in sunflower could increase soil cover, reduce soil erosion, and add nitrogen and organic matter to the soil. Field studies were designed to evaluate the effect of different sowing dates of hairy vetch ( Vicia villosa Roth), yellow‐flowered sweetclover ( Melilotus officinalis Lam.), alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.), snail medic [ Medicago scutellata (L.) Mill.], and black lentil ( Lens culinaris Medik.) intercropped in dwarf and standard‐height oilseed sunflower on agronomic traits of sunflower. Legumes were sown the same time as sunflower and at the V4 and V10 sunflower growth stages. Studies were conducted at Carrington (1992 and 1993) and Prosper (1992, 1993, and 1994), North Dakota. Sunflower oil content was not influenced by intercropped legumes. When sown at the same time as sunflower, all legumes, except black lentil, reduced sunflower seed yield. Black lentil produced 1385 kg ha −1 dry matter. Compared with the control, sunflower achenes per head, and head diameter were reduced by legumes sown at the same time as sunflower. Sunflower yield, head diameter, achenes per head, and 1000‐achene weight were not significantly lower when legumes were sown at the V4 or V10 sunflower growth stages. Hairy vetch is recommended for intercropping at V4 and V10 sunflower growth stages because it did not reduce sunflower yield and on average produced 1593 and 831 kg ha −1 dry matter. At the drier environment, Carrington 1992, biomass produced by the legumes was low when legumes were sown at the V4 or V10 sunflower growth stages, with 314 and 57 kg ha −1 , respectively. Sweetclover could be sown at the V4 growth stage of sunflower to establish it as a cover crop for the subsequent season.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Legumes sown at the same time as sunflower, except black lentil, reduced sunflower seed yield.
- Taxon
- Sunflower
Helianthus annuust0 - Treatment
- sown at the same time as sunflowere1
- Outcome
- sunflower seed yielde1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Qualifier
- except black lentile1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“When sown at the same time as sunflower, all legumes, except black lentil, reduced sunflower seed yield”
t0“Intercropping Legumes into Sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Black lentil intercrop produced 1385 kg ha-1 dry matter.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Material
- Black lentile2
- Outcome
- dry mattere2
- Value
- 1385 kg ha −1e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Black lentil produced 1385 kg ha −1 dry matter”
t0“Intercropping Legumes into Sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Legumes sown at the same time as sunflower reduced achenes per head and head diameter compared with the control.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- sown at the same time as sunflowere3
- Outcome
- achenes per head, and head diametere3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Comparator
- the controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Compared with the control, sunflower achenes per head, and head diameter were reduced by legumes sown at the same time as sunflower”
t0“Intercropping Legumes into Sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Sunflower yield, head diameter and achenes per head were not significantly lower when legumes were sown at V4 or V10.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- sown at the V4 or V10 sunflower growth stagese4
- Outcome
- Sunflower yield, head diameter, achenes per heade4
- Direction
- not significantly lowere4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Sunflower yield, head diameter, achenes per head, and 1000‐achene weight were not significantly lower when legumes were sown at the V4 or V10 sunflower growth stages”
t0“Intercropping Legumes into Sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Achene weight was not significantly lower when legumes were sown at V4 or V10.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- sown at the V4 or V10 sunflower growth stagese4
- Outcome
- achene weighte4
- Direction
- not significantly lowere4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Sunflower yield, head diameter, achenes per head, and 1000‐achene weight were not significantly lower when legumes were sown at the V4 or V10 sunflower growth stages”
t0“Intercropping Legumes into Sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Hairy vetch is recommended for intercropping at V4 and V10 sunflower growth stages.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Material
- Hairy vetche5
- Outcome
- intercropping at V4 and V10 sunflower growth stagese5
- Qualifier
- because it did not reduce sunflower yielde5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Hairy vetch is recommended for intercropping at V4 and V10 sunflower growth stages because it did not reduce sunflower yield and on average produced 1593 and 831 kg ha −1 dry matter”
t0“Intercropping Legumes into Sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Hairy vetch intercrops produced on average 1593 and 831 kg ha-1 dry matter at V4 and V10.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Material
- Hairy vetche5
- Outcome
- dry mattere5
- Value
- 1593 and 831 kg ha −1e5
- Qualifier
- on averagee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Hairy vetch is recommended for intercropping at V4 and V10 sunflower growth stages because it did not reduce sunflower yield and on average produced 1593 and 831 kg ha −1 dry matter”
t0“Intercropping Legumes into Sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
At the drier Carrington 1992 site, legume biomass was low when sown at V4 or V10 (314 and 57 kg ha-1).
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- sown at the V4 or V10 sunflower growth stagese6
- Outcome
- biomasse6
- Direction
- was lowe6
- Value
- 314 and 57 kg ha −1e6
- Setting
- Carrington 1992e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“At the drier environment, Carrington 1992, biomass produced by the legumes was low when legumes were sown at the V4 or V10 sunflower growth stages, with 314 and 57 kg ha −1 , respectively”
t0“Intercropping Legumes into Sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Sweetclover can be sown at the V4 growth stage of sunflower to establish a cover crop for the subsequent season.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Material
- Sweetclovere7
- Treatment
- sown at the V4 growth stage of sunflowere7
- Outcome
- establish it as a cover crope7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Sweetclover could be sown at the V4 growth stage of sunflower to establish it as a cover crop for the subsequent season”
t0“Intercropping Legumes into Sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Sunflower oil content was not influenced by intercropped legumes.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- intercropped legumese0
- Outcome
- oil contente0
- Direction
- not influencede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sunflower oil content was not influenced by intercropped legumes”
t0“Intercropping Legumes into Sunflower”
The same questions in other papers
stage · yield · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Positive and negative results
9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
15 papers more in this group
See all 19 papers →intercropping · quality: oil · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.