Abstract
Verticillium wilt, caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb., is a serious potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) disease worldwide, and biocontrol represents a promising eco-friendly strategy to reduce its impact. We used extracts from Canada milk vetch (CMV) and a set of four V. dahliae-antagonistic bacterial strains to coat potato seeds at planting and examined the degree of protection provided against V. dahliae as well as accumulation of soluble phenolics as markers for induced resistance. All tested treatments were effective in reducing disease severity, and CMV showed the highest level of protection. In this treatment, flavonol-glycoside rutin was a highly abundant compound induced in potato tissues, with levels two to three times higher than those detected in noninoculated controls and V. dahliae-inoculated plants. We investigated dose-dependent effects of rutin on V. dahliae growth and sporulation in vitro and in planta. The effect of rutin on mycelial growth was inconsistent between disk assay and amended medium experiments. On the other hand, significant reduction of V. dahliae sporulation in vitro was consistently observed starting at 300 and 100 μM for isolates Vd-9 and Vd-21, respectively. We successfully detected 2-protocatechuoylphloroglucinolcarboxylic acid (2-PCPGCA) using ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, indicating that V. dahliae dioxygenally oxidizes quercetin. Quercetin, as an aglycone, is freed from the sugar moiety by glucosidases and rhamnosidases produced by the fungus and is a substrate for quercetinases. The occurrence of quercetinases in V. dahliae provides a background to formulate a hypothesis about how by-product 2-PCPGCA may be interfering with potato defenses.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Biocontrol seed treatments reduced Verticillium dahliae disease severity in potato.
- Taxon
- potato
Solanum tuberosume1 - Treatment
- coat potato seeds at plantinge3
- Interactor
- Verticillium dahliae
Verticillium dahliaee1pathogen - Outcome
- disease severitye2
- Direction
- reducinge2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Verticillium wilt, caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb., is a serious potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) disease”
e2“All tested treatments were effective in reducing disease severity, and CMV showed the highest level of protection”
e3“We used extracts from Canada milk vetch (CMV) and a set of four V. dahliae-antagonistic bacterial strains to coat potato seeds at planting”
Claim · model-written summary
The Canada milk vetch extract gave the highest level of protection against Verticillium dahliae in potato among the tested treatments.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- extracts from Canada milk vetch (CMV)e3
- Interactor
- Verticillium dahliaeVerticillium dahliaee1pathogen
- Outcome
- highest level of protectione2
- Direction
- higheste2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Verticillium wilt, caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb., is a serious potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) disease”
e2“All tested treatments were effective in reducing disease severity, and CMV showed the highest level of protection”
e3“We used extracts from Canada milk vetch (CMV) and a set of four V. dahliae-antagonistic bacterial strains to coat potato seeds at planting”
Claim · model-written summary
Canada milk vetch extract treatment raised rutin levels in potato tissues two to three times above noninoculated controls and V. dahliae-inoculated plants.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume4
- Treatment
- extracts from Canada milk vetch (CMV)e3
- Interactor
- V. dahliaeVerticillium dahliaee4pathogen
- Outcome
- levelse4
- Direction
- highere4
- Value
- two to three timese4
- Comparator
- noninoculated controls and V. dahliae-inoculated plantse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Verticillium wilt, caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb., is a serious potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) disease”
e3“We used extracts from Canada milk vetch (CMV) and a set of four V. dahliae-antagonistic bacterial strains to coat potato seeds at planting”
e4“In this treatment, flavonol-glycoside rutin was a highly abundant compound induced in potato tissues, with levels two to three times higher than those detected in noninoculated controls and V. dahliae-inoculated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Rutin had an inconsistent effect on Verticillium dahliae mycelial growth between disk assay and amended medium experiments.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- rutine5
- Interactor
- V. dahliaeVerticillium dahliaee6pathogen
- Outcome
- mycelial growthe5
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Verticillium wilt, caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb., is a serious potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) disease”
e5“The effect of rutin on mycelial growth was inconsistent between disk assay and amended medium experiments”
e6“We investigated dose-dependent effects of rutin on V. dahliae growth and sporulation in vitro and in planta”
Claim · model-written summary
Rutin significantly reduced Verticillium dahliae sporulation in vitro, consistently from 300 and 100 µM for isolates Vd-9 and Vd-21.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- rutine6
- Interactor
- V. dahliaeVerticillium dahliaee7pathogen
- Outcome
- V. dahliae sporulation in vitroe7
- Direction
- reductione7
- Qualifier
- starting at 300 and 100 μM for isolates Vd-9 and Vd-21, respectivelye7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Verticillium wilt, caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb., is a serious potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) disease”
e6“We investigated dose-dependent effects of rutin on V. dahliae growth and sporulation in vitro and in planta”
e7“significant reduction of V. dahliae sporulation in vitro was consistently observed starting at 300 and 100 μM for isolates Vd-9 and Vd-21, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The by-product 2-protocatechuoylphloroglucinolcarboxylic acid (2-PCPGCA) was detected in potato-related cultures by UPLC-MS/MS.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Outcome
- 2-protocatechuoylphloroglucinolcarboxylic acid (2-PCPGCA)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Verticillium wilt, caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb., is a serious potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) disease”
e2“We successfully detected 2-protocatechuoylphloroglucinolcarboxylic acid (2-PCPGCA) using ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry”
Claim · model-written summary
The formation of 2-PCPGCA indicates that Verticillium dahliae dioxygenally oxidizes quercetin.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Interactor
- V. dahliaeVerticillium dahliaee2pathogen
- Compound
- quercetine2
- Outcome
- dioxygenally oxidizes quercetine2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Verticillium wilt, caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb., is a serious potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) disease”
e2“indicating that V. dahliae dioxygenally oxidizes quercetin”
The same questions in other papers
botanical · Verticillium dahliae · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.