Abstract
We examined 1990-1996 crop and soil N data for no-tillage (NT), minimum tillage (MT) and conventional tillage (CT) systems from four long-term tillage studies in semiarid regions of Saskatchewan for evidence that the N status was affected by tillage system. On a silt loam and clay soil in the Brown soil zone, spring what (Triticum aestivum L.) grain yield and protein concentration were lower for NT compared with tilled (CT or MT) systems for a fallow-wheat (F-WM) rotation. Grain protein concentration for continuous wheat (Cont W) was also lower for NT than for MT. For a sandy loam soil in the Brown soil zone, durum (Triticum durum L.) grain protein concentration was similar for MT and NT for both Cont W and F-W, but NT had higher grain yield than MT (P < 0.05 for F-W only). For a loam soil in the Dark Brown soil zone, wheat grain yield for NT was increased by about 7% for fallow-oilseed-wheat (F-O-W) and wheat-oilseed-wheat (W-O-W) rotations. The higher grain yields for NT reduced grain protein concentration by dilution effect as indicated by similar grain N yield. However, at this site, about 23 kg ha -1 more fertilizer N was required for NT than for CT. Elimination of tillage increased total organic N in the upper 7.5 cm of soil and N in surface residues. Our results suggest that a contributing factor to decreased availability of soil N in medium- and fine-textured soils under NT was a slower rate of net N mineralization from organic matter. Soil nitrates to 2.4 m depth did not indicate that nitrate leaching was affected by tillage system. Current fertilizer N recommendations developed for tilled systems may be inadequate for optimum production of wheat with acceptable grain protein under NT is semiarid regions of Saskatchewan. Key words: Tillage intensity, N availability, soil N fractions, N mineralization, crop residue decomposition, grain protein
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
No-tillage lowered spring wheat grain yield and protein concentration compared with tilled systems in a fallow-wheat rotation on a silt loam and clay soil.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivume1 - Treatment
- NTe1
- Outcome
- grain yield and protein concentratione1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Qualifier
- fallow-wheat (F-WM) rotatione1
- Comparator
- tilled (CT or MT) systemse1
- Setting
- Brown soil zonee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“On a silt loam and clay soil in the Brown soil zone, spring what (Triticum aestivum L.) grain yield and protein concentration were lower for NT compared with tilled (CT or MT) systems for a fallow-wheat (F-WM) rotation”
Claim · model-written summary
No-tillage lowered grain protein concentration of continuous wheat compared with minimum tillage.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Treatment
- NTe2
- Outcome
- Grain protein concentratione2
- Direction
- lowere2
- Qualifier
- continuous wheat (Cont W)e2
- Comparator
- MTe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Grain protein concentration for continuous wheat (Cont W) was also lower for NT than for MT”
Claim · model-written summary
Durum grain protein concentration was similar under minimum and no-tillage.
- Taxon
- Triticum durum
Triticum turgidum subsp. durume3 - Treatment
- NTe3
- Outcome
- grain protein concentratione3
- Direction
- similare3
- Qualifier
- for both Cont W and F-We3
- Comparator
- MTe3
- Setting
- Brown soil zonee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“For a sandy loam soil in the Brown soil zone, durum (Triticum durum L.) grain protein concentration was similar for MT and NT for both Cont W and F-W”
Claim · model-written summary
No-tillage gave higher durum grain yield than minimum tillage for fallow-wheat only.
- Taxon
- Triticum durumTriticum turgidum subsp. durume3
- Treatment
- NTe4
- Outcome
- grain yielde4
- Direction
- highere4
- Qualifier
- P < 0.05 for F-W onlye4
- Comparator
- MTe4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“For a sandy loam soil in the Brown soil zone, durum (Triticum durum L.) grain protein concentration was similar for MT and NT for both Cont W and F-W”
e4“but NT had higher grain yield than MT (P < 0.05 for F-W only)”
Claim · model-written summary
No-tillage increased wheat grain yield by about 7% in fallow-oilseed-wheat and wheat-oilseed-wheat rotations.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume5
- Treatment
- NTe5
- Outcome
- grain yielde5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Value
- about 7%e5
- Qualifier
- for fallow-oilseed-wheat (F-O-W) and wheat-oilseed-wheat (W-O-W) rotationse5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“wheat grain yield for NT was increased by about 7% for fallow-oilseed-wheat (F-O-W) and wheat-oilseed-wheat (W-O-W) rotations”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher no-tillage grain yield reduced grain protein concentration by a dilution effect.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- NTe6
- Outcome
- grain protein concentratione6
- Direction
- reducede6
- Qualifier
- by dilution effect as indicated by similar grain N yielde6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Current fertilizer N recommendations developed for tilled systems may be inadequate for optimum production of wheat with acceptable grain protein under NT is semiarid regions of Saskatchewan”
e6“The higher grain yields for NT reduced grain protein concentration by dilution effect as indicated by similar grain N yield”
Claim · model-written summary
No-tillage required about 23 kg ha -1 more fertilizer N than conventional tillage.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- NTe7
- Outcome
- fertilizer Ne7
- Direction
- moree7
- Value
- 23 kg ha -1e7
- Comparator
- CTe7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Current fertilizer N recommendations developed for tilled systems may be inadequate for optimum production of wheat with acceptable grain protein under NT is semiarid regions of Saskatchewan”
e7“However, at this site, about 23 kg ha -1 more fertilizer N was required for NT than for CT”
Claim · model-written summary
Elimination of tillage increased total organic N in the upper soil and N in surface residues.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- Elimination of tillagee2
- Outcome
- total organic N in the upper 7.5 cm of soil and N in surface residuese2
- Direction
- increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Current fertilizer N recommendations developed for tilled systems may be inadequate for optimum production of wheat with acceptable grain protein under NT is semiarid regions of Saskatchewan”
e2“Elimination of tillage increased total organic N in the upper 7.5 cm of soil and N in surface residues”
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage system did not show an effect on soil nitrate leaching to 2.4 m depth.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- tillage systeme2
- Outcome
- nitrate leachinge2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Current fertilizer N recommendations developed for tilled systems may be inadequate for optimum production of wheat with acceptable grain protein under NT is semiarid regions of Saskatchewan”
e2“Soil nitrates to 2.4 m depth did not indicate that nitrate leaching was affected by tillage system”
Claim · model-written summary
A slower rate of net N mineralization from organic matter is a likely cause of decreased soil N availability under no-tillage.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- NTe2
- Outcome
- availability of soil Ne2
- Direction
- decreasede2
- Qualifier
- a slower rate of net N mineralization from organic mattere2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Current fertilizer N recommendations developed for tilled systems may be inadequate for optimum production of wheat with acceptable grain protein under NT is semiarid regions of Saskatchewan”
e2“a contributing factor to decreased availability of soil N in medium- and fine-textured soils under NT was a slower rate of net N mineralization from organic matter”
Claim · model-written summary
Current fertilizer N recommendations for tilled systems may be inadequate for optimum wheat production under no-tillage in semiarid Saskatchewan.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Outcome
- optimum production of wheat with acceptable grain proteine1
- Qualifier
- may be inadequatee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Current fertilizer N recommendations developed for tilled systems may be inadequate for optimum production of wheat with acceptable grain protein under NT is semiarid regions of Saskatchewan”
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