Abstract
Expression of the Em gene was characterized in rice (Oryza sativa L.) suspension cultures following exposure of the cultures to various combinations of abscisic acid (ABA) and salt. Response-saturating concentrations of either ABA (50 micromolar) or NaCl (0.4 molar) rapidly induced (by 60 minutes) the accumulation of Em mRNA, with a maximum accumulation occurring 12 to 24 hours after treatment. NaCl-induced Em expression was accompanied by a doubling of endogenous ABA levels as determined by immunoassay. Inhibition of ABA biosynthesis by fluridone during NaCl treatment reduced the levels of endogenous ABA by fourfold and Em expression by 50%. Desiccation of the cultures to 12 to 15% of their initial fresh weight increased endogenous ABA more than twofold and was accompanied by an increase in Em mRNA levels. Exposure of the cultures to heat shock temperatures, chilling, or ultraviolet light neither increased endogenous ABA levels nor induced Em expression. When a subthreshold or saturating level of NaCl was added in combination with increasing levels of ABA, Em transcripts were detected at ABA concentrations that alone did not induce expression of Em. Treatment with saturating levels of both NaCl and ABA resulted in a doubling of Em transcript levels over the maximum signal for each treatment alone. Hence, our data suggested that salt interacted synergistically with ABA, in part because of the increased sensitivity of rice cells to ABA. The effect of salt stress on Em gene expression in rice suspension cells appeared to operate through two pathways: one is mediated through increases in the level of ABA; the other is via a unique salt response pathway that includes an intermediate that is common to both the salt and ABA response chains.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
ABA (50 micromolar) induced accumulation of Em mRNA in rice suspension cultures within 60 minutes.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- ABA (50 micromolar)e1
- Outcome
- accumulation of Em mRNAe1
- Direction
- inducede1
- Qualifier
- by 60 minutese1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in rice (Oryza sativa L.) suspension cultures”
e1“Response-saturating concentrations of either ABA (50 micromolar) or NaCl (0.4 molar) rapidly induced (by 60 minutes) the accumulation of Em mRNA, with a maximum accumulation occurring 12 to 24 hours after treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl (0.4 molar) induced accumulation of Em mRNA in rice suspension cultures within 60 minutes.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- NaCl (0.4 molar)e1
- Outcome
- accumulation of Em mRNAe1
- Direction
- inducede1
- Qualifier
- by 60 minutese1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in rice (Oryza sativa L.) suspension cultures”
e1“Response-saturating concentrations of either ABA (50 micromolar) or NaCl (0.4 molar) rapidly induced (by 60 minutes) the accumulation of Em mRNA, with a maximum accumulation occurring 12 to 24 hours after treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum accumulation of Em mRNA in rice suspension cultures occurred 12 to 24 hours after treatment.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- maximum accumulatione1
- Qualifier
- 12 to 24 hours after treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in rice (Oryza sativa L.) suspension cultures”
e1“Response-saturating concentrations of either ABA (50 micromolar) or NaCl (0.4 molar) rapidly induced (by 60 minutes) the accumulation of Em mRNA, with a maximum accumulation occurring 12 to 24 hours after treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl treatment was associated with a doubling of endogenous ABA levels in rice suspension cultures.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- NaCle2
- Outcome
- endogenous ABA levelse2
- Direction
- doublinge2
- Qualifier
- as determined by immunoassaye2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in rice (Oryza sativa L.) suspension cultures”
e2“NaCl-induced Em expression was accompanied by a doubling of endogenous ABA levels as determined by immunoassay”
Claim · model-written summary
Inhibition of ABA biosynthesis by fluridone during NaCl treatment reduced endogenous ABA levels fourfold in rice suspension cultures.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Inhibition of ABA biosynthesis by fluridone during NaCl treatmente3
- Outcome
- levels of endogenous ABAe3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Value
- fourfolde3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in rice (Oryza sativa L.) suspension cultures”
e3“Inhibition of ABA biosynthesis by fluridone during NaCl treatment reduced the levels of endogenous ABA by fourfold and Em expression by 50%”
Claim · model-written summary
Inhibition of ABA biosynthesis by fluridone during NaCl treatment reduced Em expression by 50% in rice suspension cultures.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Inhibition of ABA biosynthesis by fluridone during NaCl treatmente3
- Outcome
- Em expressione3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Value
- 50%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in rice (Oryza sativa L.) suspension cultures”
e3“Inhibition of ABA biosynthesis by fluridone during NaCl treatment reduced the levels of endogenous ABA by fourfold and Em expression by 50%”
Claim · model-written summary
Desiccation of rice suspension cultures increased endogenous ABA more than twofold.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Desiccation of the cultures to 12 to 15% of their initial fresh weighte4
- Outcome
- endogenous ABAe4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- more than twofolde4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in rice (Oryza sativa L.) suspension cultures”
e4“Desiccation of the cultures to 12 to 15% of their initial fresh weight increased endogenous ABA more than twofold and was accompanied by an increase in Em mRNA levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Desiccation of rice suspension cultures increased Em mRNA levels.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Desiccation of the cultures to 12 to 15% of their initial fresh weighte4
- Outcome
- Em mRNA levelse4
- Direction
- increasee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in rice (Oryza sativa L.) suspension cultures”
e4“Desiccation of the cultures to 12 to 15% of their initial fresh weight increased endogenous ABA more than twofold and was accompanied by an increase in Em mRNA levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat shock temperatures did not increase endogenous ABA levels or induce Em expression in rice suspension cultures.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- heat shock temperaturese5
- Outcome
- endogenous ABA levelse5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Qualifier
- nor induced Em expressione5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in rice (Oryza sativa L.) suspension cultures”
e5“Exposure of the cultures to heat shock temperatures, chilling, or ultraviolet light neither increased endogenous ABA levels nor induced Em expression”
Claim · model-written summary
Chilling did not increase endogenous ABA levels or induce Em expression in rice suspension cultures.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- chillinge5
- Outcome
- endogenous ABA levelse5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Qualifier
- nor induced Em expressione5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in rice (Oryza sativa L.) suspension cultures”
e5“Exposure of the cultures to heat shock temperatures, chilling, or ultraviolet light neither increased endogenous ABA levels nor induced Em expression”
Claim · model-written summary
Ultraviolet light did not increase endogenous ABA levels or induce Em expression in rice suspension cultures.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- ultraviolet lighte5
- Outcome
- endogenous ABA levelse5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Qualifier
- nor induced Em expressione5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in rice (Oryza sativa L.) suspension cultures”
e5“Exposure of the cultures to heat shock temperatures, chilling, or ultraviolet light neither increased endogenous ABA levels nor induced Em expression”
Claim · model-written summary
A subthreshold or saturating level of NaCl combined with ABA detected Em transcripts at ABA concentrations that alone did not induce Em expression.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- subthreshold or saturating level of NaCle6
- Outcome
- Em transcriptse6
- Comparator
- ABA concentrations that alone did not induce expression of Eme6
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in rice (Oryza sativa L.) suspension cultures”
e6“When a subthreshold or saturating level of NaCl was added in combination with increasing levels of ABA, Em transcripts were detected at ABA concentrations that alone did not induce expression of Em”
Claim · model-written summary
Saturating levels of both NaCl and ABA doubled Em transcript levels over the maximum signal for each treatment alone in rice suspension cultures.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- saturating levels of both NaCl and ABAe7
- Outcome
- Em transcript levelse7
- Direction
- doublinge7
- Comparator
- the maximum signal for each treatment alonee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in rice (Oryza sativa L.) suspension cultures”
e7“Treatment with saturating levels of both NaCl and ABA resulted in a doubling of Em transcript levels over the maximum signal for each treatment alone”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress appears to act on Em gene expression in rice through two pathways, one mediated by increases in ABA and one a salt-specific pathway.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- Em gene expressione6
- Qualifier
- one is mediated through increases in the level of ABAe6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in rice (Oryza sativa L.) suspension cultures”
e6“The effect of salt stress on Em gene expression in rice suspension cells appeared to operate through two pathways: one is mediated through increases in the level of ABA; the other is via a unique salt response pathway”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.