Abstract
Germinated wheat seeds ( Triticum aestivum L. cv. Barqai) that had been subjected to short hydrostatic pressure treatments (0.3–1.2 MPa) changed their normal metabolism into one which is characterized by a high ethanol production, a low O 2 consumption and a low CO 2 evolution. Alcoholic fermentation could account for ca half of the CO 2 evolved from the pressurized seeds. The level of acetaldehyde was low, though significantly higher in the pressurized seeds than in the controls. Subjection of wheat seeds to osmotic stress under aerobic conditions lowered their O 2 uptake and CO 2 evolution but did not induce ethanol production. Exposure of pressurized seeds to NaCl stress did not alter their ethanol production beyond that which had been induced by pressure. Ethanol production by pressurized seeds increased following either the addition of sucrose or by excision of the embryos from the endosperms. More electrolytes leaked into the embedding solution from pressurized seeds than from control seeds. Exogenous ethanol was toxic to wheat seeds at concentrations as low as 343 m M . The effects of hydrostatic pressure and of the consequently induced ethanol production on the mortality of flooded seeds is discussed.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Pressure increased ethanol production in germinated wheat seeds.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Material
- Triticum aestivum L. cv. Barqaie0
- Treatment
- short hydrostatic pressure treatments (0.3–1.2 MPa)e0
- Outcome
- ethanol productione0
- Direction
- highe0
- Comparator
- normal metabolisme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germinated wheat seeds ( Triticum aestivum L. cv. Barqai) that had been subjected to short hydrostatic pressure treatments (0.3–1.2 MPa) changed their normal metabolism into one which is characterized by a high ethanol production, a low O 2 consumption and a low CO 2 evolution”
Claim · model-written summary
Pressure lowered oxygen consumption in germinated wheat seeds.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- short hydrostatic pressure treatments (0.3–1.2 MPa)e0
- Outcome
- O 2 consumptione0
- Direction
- lowe0
- Comparator
- normal metabolisme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germinated wheat seeds ( Triticum aestivum L. cv. Barqai) that had been subjected to short hydrostatic pressure treatments (0.3–1.2 MPa) changed their normal metabolism into one which is characterized by a high ethanol production, a low O 2 consumption and a low CO 2 evolution”
Claim · model-written summary
Pressure lowered carbon dioxide evolution in germinated wheat seeds.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- short hydrostatic pressure treatments (0.3–1.2 MPa)e0
- Outcome
- CO 2 evolutione0
- Direction
- lowe0
- Comparator
- normal metabolisme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germinated wheat seeds ( Triticum aestivum L. cv. Barqai) that had been subjected to short hydrostatic pressure treatments (0.3–1.2 MPa) changed their normal metabolism into one which is characterized by a high ethanol production, a low O 2 consumption and a low CO 2 evolution”
Claim · model-written summary
Alcoholic fermentation accounted for about half of carbon dioxide from pressurized seeds.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- CO 2 evolved from the pressurized seedse0
- Value
- ca halfe0
- Qualifier
- Alcoholic fermentatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Alcoholic fermentation could account for ca half of the CO 2 evolved from the pressurized seeds”
t0“wheat seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Pressurized seeds had significantly higher acetaldehyde than controls.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- pressurized seedse0
- Outcome
- level of acetaldehydee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The level of acetaldehyde was low, though significantly higher in the pressurized seeds than in the controls”
t0“wheat seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Aerobic osmotic stress lowered oxygen uptake in wheat seeds.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- osmotic stress under aerobic conditionse0
- Outcome
- O 2 uptakee0
- Direction
- lowerede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Subjection of wheat seeds to osmotic stress under aerobic conditions lowered their O 2 uptake and CO 2 evolution”
Claim · model-written summary
Aerobic osmotic stress lowered carbon dioxide evolution in wheat seeds.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- osmotic stress under aerobic conditionse0
- Outcome
- CO 2 evolutione0
- Direction
- lowerede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Subjection of wheat seeds to osmotic stress under aerobic conditions lowered their O 2 uptake and CO 2 evolution”
Claim · model-written summary
Aerobic osmotic stress did not induce ethanol production in wheat seeds.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- osmotic stress under aerobic conditionse0
- Outcome
- ethanol productione0
- Direction
- did not inducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Subjection of wheat seeds to osmotic stress under aerobic conditions lowered their O 2 uptake and CO 2 evolution but did not induce ethanol production”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl stress did not further alter ethanol production in pressurized wheat seeds.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- NaCl stresse0
- Outcome
- ethanol productione0
- Direction
- did not altere0
- Comparator
- pressuree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exposure of pressurized seeds to NaCl stress did not alter their ethanol production beyond that which had been induced by pressure”
t0“wheat seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Sucrose addition increased ethanol production in pressurized wheat seeds.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- addition of sucrosee0
- Outcome
- Ethanol productione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ethanol production by pressurized seeds increased following either the addition of sucrose or by excision of the embryos from the endosperms”
t0“wheat seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Embryo excision increased ethanol production in pressurized wheat seeds.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- excision of the embryos from the endospermse0
- Outcome
- Ethanol productione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ethanol production by pressurized seeds increased following either the addition of sucrose or by excision of the embryos from the endosperms”
t0“wheat seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Pressurized wheat seeds leaked more electrolytes than controls.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- pressurized seedse0
- Outcome
- electrolytes leakede0
- Direction
- Moree0
- Comparator
- control seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“More electrolytes leaked into the embedding solution from pressurized seeds than from control seeds”
t0“wheat seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous ethanol was toxic to wheat seeds at concentrations as low as 343 m M.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Exogenous ethanole0
- Outcome
- toxic to wheat seedse0
- Value
- 343 m Me0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exogenous ethanol was toxic to wheat seeds at concentrations as low as 343 m M”
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