Abstract
This laboratory study evaluates the biofumigant effect of different organic materials with the aim of developing non-chemical alternatives for the management of Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White) Chitwood populations. Sources of organic material from the production system were selected with the aim of reducing agricultural residue accumulation problems as well as decreasing the costs due to the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. The selected materials were residues from pepper, strawberry, tomato and cucumber crops, orange juice industry residues, commercial manure and sheep manure, applied at different dosages. Two biofumigation assays were performed under laboratory conditions, using alkaline soils from the Torreblanca area (Murcia, Spain) and acidic soils from the Villa del Prado area (Madrid, Spain). The assays evaluated the effect of the treatments on M. incognita juveniles and other soil organisms, the nematode galling index on tomato roots (susceptible cv. Marmande) grown in the biofumigated soil and soil fertility parameters. The results showed that all biofumigant materials significantly decreased M. incognita populations and galling indices in tomato cv. Marmande. A greater effect was observed on galling indices when applying crop residues together with manure than with the residues alone. Biofumigation had a general beneficial effect on soil fertility, generally increasing nitrogen, organic carbon, pH and potassium levels, and also calcium levels when crop residues of pepper and strawberry were applied. There were no important variations in the number of saprophagous nematodes, dorylaimids and enchytraeids.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
All biofumigant materials significantly decreased Meloidogyne incognita populations in the laboratory soil assays.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- biofumigant materialse0
- Interactor
- M. incognita
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=60)
Meloidogyne incognitae0pest - Outcome
- M. incognita populationse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“all biofumigant materials significantly decreased M. incognita populations and galling indices in tomato cv. Marmande”
Claim · model-written summary
All biofumigant materials significantly decreased nematode galling indices on tomato cv. Marmande.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Material
- cv. Marmandee1
- Treatment
- biofumigant materialse1
- Interactor
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae1pest
- Outcome
- galling indicese1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“all biofumigant materials significantly decreased M. incognita populations and galling indices in tomato cv. Marmande”
Claim · model-written summary
A greater effect on galling indices was observed when crop residues were applied together with manure than with the residues alone.
- Treatment
- crop residues together with manuree2
- Outcome
- galling indicese2
- Direction
- greater effecte2
- Comparator
- the residues alonee2
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e2“A greater effect was observed on galling indices when applying crop residues together with manure than with the residues alone”
Claim · model-written summary
Biofumigation generally increased soil nitrogen, organic carbon and pH.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e3“Biofumigation had a general beneficial effect on soil fertility, generally increasing nitrogen, organic carbon, pH and potassium levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Biofumigation generally increased soil potassium levels.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e4“Biofumigation had a general beneficial effect on soil fertility, generally increasing nitrogen, organic carbon, pH and potassium levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil calcium levels also increased when crop residues of pepper and strawberry were applied.
Not reportedTaxonComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e5“also calcium levels when crop residues of pepper and strawberry were applied”
Claim · model-written summary
There were no important variations in the numbers of saprophagous nematodes, dorylaimids and enchytraeids after biofumigation.
- Outcome
- number of saprophagous nematodes, dorylaimids and enchytraeidse6
- Direction
- no important variationse6
Not reportedTaxonTreatmentComparator
Verbatim
e6“There were no important variations in the number of saprophagous nematodes, dorylaimids and enchytraeids”
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