Abstract
A factorial field experiment, comparing three rates of nitrogen as anhydrous ammonia, two seeding rates of oats, and the presence or absence of a herbicide applied to grass pastures before sod-seeding, was conducted at Kyogle, New South Wales in 1964. Plots were sown in mid-autumn and harvested in winter and early spring. Increased applications of nitrogen and the higher seeding rate increased both dry matter yield and total nitrogen content. Application of herbicide significantly increased yield at the low rates of nitrogen but not at the highest rate. Anhydrous ammonia at 120 lb of nitrogen an acre had no effect on the germination of oats seed and provided adequate nitrogen for growth of oats without the need for herbicide application or cultivation of the grass pasture. The results suggest that oats can be successfully sod-seeded into grass dominant pastures by using 120 lb of nitrogen as anhydrous ammonia and four bushels of oats an acre.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Increased nitrogen applications increased dry matter yield and total nitrogen content of oats.
- Taxon
- oats
Avena sativae0 - Treatment
- Increased applications of nitrogene1
- Outcome
- dry matter yield and total nitrogen contente1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Setting
- Kyogle, New South Walese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“A factorial field experiment, comparing three rates of nitrogen as anhydrous ammonia, two seeding rates of oats, and the presence or absence of a herbicide applied to grass pastures before sod-seeding, was conducted at Kyogle, New South Wales in 1964”
e1“Increased applications of nitrogen and the higher seeding rate increased both dry matter yield and total nitrogen content”
Claim · model-written summary
The higher oat seeding rate increased dry matter yield and total nitrogen content.
- Taxon
- oats
Avena sativae0 - Treatment
- the higher seeding ratee1
- Outcome
- dry matter yield and total nitrogen contente1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Setting
- Kyogle, New South Walese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“A factorial field experiment, comparing three rates of nitrogen as anhydrous ammonia, two seeding rates of oats, and the presence or absence of a herbicide applied to grass pastures before sod-seeding, was conducted at Kyogle, New South Wales in 1964”
e1“Increased applications of nitrogen and the higher seeding rate increased both dry matter yield and total nitrogen content”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide application significantly increased oat yield at the low rates of nitrogen.
- Taxon
- oats
Avena sativae0 - Treatment
- Application of herbicidee2
- Outcome
- yielde2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Qualifier
- at the low rates of nitrogene2
- Comparator
- absence of a herbicidee0
- Setting
- Kyogle, New South Walese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“A factorial field experiment, comparing three rates of nitrogen as anhydrous ammonia, two seeding rates of oats, and the presence or absence of a herbicide applied to grass pastures before sod-seeding, was conducted at Kyogle, New South Wales in 1964”
e2“Application of herbicide significantly increased yield at the low rates of nitrogen but not at the highest rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide application did not increase oat yield at the highest nitrogen rate.
- Taxon
- oats
Avena sativae0 - Treatment
- Application of herbicidee2
- Outcome
- yielde2
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede2
- Qualifier
- at the highest ratee2
- Comparator
- absence of a herbicidee0
- Setting
- Kyogle, New South Walese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“A factorial field experiment, comparing three rates of nitrogen as anhydrous ammonia, two seeding rates of oats, and the presence or absence of a herbicide applied to grass pastures before sod-seeding, was conducted at Kyogle, New South Wales in 1964”
e2“Application of herbicide significantly increased yield at the low rates of nitrogen but not at the highest rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Anhydrous ammonia at 120 lb of nitrogen an acre had no effect on oat seed germination.
- Taxon
- oats
Avena sativae0 - Treatment
- Anhydrous ammonia at 120 lb of nitrogen an acree3
- Outcome
- germination of oats seede3
- Direction
- no effecte3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“A factorial field experiment, comparing three rates of nitrogen as anhydrous ammonia, two seeding rates of oats, and the presence or absence of a herbicide applied to grass pastures before sod-seeding, was conducted at Kyogle, New South Wales in 1964”
e3“Anhydrous ammonia at 120 lb of nitrogen an acre had no effect on the germination of oats seed and provided adequate nitrogen for growth of oats without the need for herbicide application or cultivation of the grass pasture”
Claim · model-written summary
Anhydrous ammonia at 120 lb of nitrogen an acre provided adequate nitrogen for oat growth without herbicide application or cultivation of the grass pasture.
- Taxon
- oats
Avena sativae3 - Treatment
- Anhydrous ammonia at 120 lb of nitrogen an acree3
- Outcome
- adequate nitrogen for growth of oatse3
- Qualifier
- without the need for herbicide application or cultivation of the grass pasturee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“A factorial field experiment, comparing three rates of nitrogen as anhydrous ammonia, two seeding rates of oats, and the presence or absence of a herbicide applied to grass pastures before sod-seeding, was conducted at Kyogle, New South Wales in 1964”
e3“Anhydrous ammonia at 120 lb of nitrogen an acre had no effect on the germination of oats seed and provided adequate nitrogen for growth of oats without the need for herbicide application or cultivation of the grass pasture”
Claim · model-written summary
Oats can be successfully sod-seeded into grass-dominant pastures using 120 lb of nitrogen as anhydrous ammonia and four bushels of oats an acre.
- Taxon
- oats
Avena sativae4 - Treatment
- 120 lb of nitrogen as anhydrous ammonia and four bushels of oats an acree4
- Outcome
- successfully sod-seeded into grass dominant pasturese4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e4“The results suggest that oats can be successfully sod-seeded into grass dominant pastures by using 120 lb of nitrogen as anhydrous ammonia and four bushels of oats an acre”
The same questions in other papers
herbicide · yield · Avena sativa (oats)Positive and negative results
11 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- negative
15 papers more in this group
See all 19 papers →nitrogen · growth · Avena sativa (oats)Positive and negative results
9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 38 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
44 papers more in this group
See all 48 papers →density · yield · Avena sativa (oats)Positive and negative results
28 papers in the same direction as this paper · 24 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
50 papers more in this group
See all 54 papers →nitrogen · yield · Avena sativa (oats)Positive and negative results
104 papers in the same direction as this paper · 11 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- no effect
112 papers more in this group
See all 116 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.