Abstract
This study compared mass transfer during osmotic dehydration (OD) and some quality indices of untreated apple slices to those of apple slices pretreated by either blanching, freezing, or applying high-intensity electric field pulses (HELP) or high pressure (HP). HP, HELP, and blanching increased water loss. Untreated and HELP-treated samples had comparable solids gains, which were lower (P < 0.05) than in the other samples. Apple slices turned brown after pretreatment but the L values of these samples increased with OD. The breaking force of dried samples increased with OD time, and pretreated samples had firmer dried texture than the untreated. Vitamin C content decreased with OD time, but HP- and HELP-treated apples had better retention of vitamin C.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
High pressure increased water loss from apple slices.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticat0 - Treatment
- HPe0
- Outcome
- water losse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- untreated apple slicest0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“HP, HELP, and blanching increased water loss.”
t0“untreated apple slices to those”
Claim · model-written summary
Electric field pulses increased water loss from apple slices.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- HELPe0
- Outcome
- water losse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- untreated apple slicest0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“HP, HELP, and blanching increased water loss.”
t0“untreated apple slices to those”
Claim · model-written summary
Blanching increased water loss from apple slices.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- blanchinge0
- Outcome
- water losse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- untreated apple slicest0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“HP, HELP, and blanching increased water loss.”
t0“untreated apple slices to those”
Claim · model-written summary
Untreated and HELP-treated samples had similar solids gains, below other pretreatments.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- HELP-treatede0
- Outcome
- solids gainse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- other samplese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Untreated and HELP-treated samples had comparable solids gains, which were lower (P < 0.05) than in the other samples.”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Apple slices browned after pretreatment.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- pretreatmente0
- Outcome
- turned browne0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Apple slices turned brown after pretreatment”
Claim · model-written summary
The L values of pretreated apple slices increased with osmotic dehydration.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- ODe0
- Outcome
- L valuese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the L values of these samples increased with OD.”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Breaking force increased with osmotic dehydration time.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- OD timee0
- Outcome
- breaking forcee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The breaking force of dried samples increased with OD time”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Pretreated samples had firmer dried texture than untreated samples.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- pretreatede0
- Outcome
- dried texturee0
- Direction
- firmere0
- Comparator
- untreatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pretreated samples had firmer dried texture than the untreated.”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Vitamin C content decreased with osmotic dehydration time.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- OD timee0
- Outcome
- Vitamin C contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Vitamin C content decreased with OD time”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
High-pressure-treated apples retained more vitamin C.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- HPe0
- Outcome
- retention of vitamin Ce0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- untreated apple slicest0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“HP- and HELP-treated apples had better retention of vitamin C.”
t0“untreated apple slices to those”
Claim · model-written summary
Electric-field-treated apples retained more vitamin C.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- HELPe0
- Outcome
- retention of vitamin Ce0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- untreated apple slicest0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“HP- and HELP-treated apples had better retention of vitamin C.”
t0“untreated apple slices to those”
The same questions in other papers
processing · physiology: water · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →physical treatment · quality: phytochemicals · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- no effect
7 papers more in this group
See all 11 papers →physical treatment · physiology: water · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.