Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a prominent role in early and later stages of the plant pathogenesis response, putatively acting as both cellular signaling molecules and direct antipathogen agents. A single-cell assay, based on the fluorescent probe dichlorofluorescein, was used to scrutinize the generation and movement of ROS in tobacco epidermal tissue. ROS, generated within cells, quickly moved apoplastically as H2O2 into neighboring cells. Two classes of rapidly elicited intracellular ROS, originating from distinct sources, were distinguished. Cryptogein, the fungal elicitor from Phytophthora cryptogea, induced ROS from a flavin-containing oxidase source. ROS accumulation could be inhibited by a number of pharmacological agents, suggesting induction through an active signal transduction pathway. The insensitivity of the increase in ROS to the external addition of enzymes that dissipate ROS suggests that this oxidative increase is primarily intracellular. In contrast, amines and polyamines, compounds that form during wounding and pathogenesis, induced ROS at an apoplastic site from peroxidase- or amine oxidase-type enzyme(s). Salicylic acid, a putative inhibitor of cellular catalases and peroxidases, did not induce cellular ROS, as measured by dichlorofluorescein fluorescence. The physiological relevance of ROS-generated signals was indicated by the rapid alteration of the epidermal cell glutathione pool and the cellular redox state. In addition, induction of ROS by all elicitors was correlated with subsequent cell death.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Cellular ROS moved as H2O2 into neighboring cells.
- Taxon
- Tobacco
Nicotiana tabacumt0 - Compound
- H2O2e0
- Outcome
- ROS, generated within cells, quickly moved apoplastically as H2O2 into neighboring cellse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ROS, generated within cells, quickly moved apoplastically as H2O2 into neighboring cells.”
t0“Tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Two rapidly elicited intracellular ROS classes had distinct sources.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Outcome
- Two classes of rapidly elicited intracellular ROSe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two classes of rapidly elicited intracellular ROS, originating from distinct sources, were distinguished.”
t0“Tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Cryptogein induced ROS from a flavin-containing oxidase source.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- Cryptogeine0
- Interactor
- Phytophthora cryptogea
Phytophthora cryptogeae0pathogen - Gene
- flavin-containing oxidasee0
- Outcome
- ROSe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cryptogein, the fungal elicitor from Phytophthora cryptogea, induced ROS from a flavin-containing oxidase source.”
t0“Tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Pharmacological agents inhibited ROS accumulation.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- pharmacological agentse0
- Outcome
- ROS accumulatione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ROS accumulation could be inhibited by a number of pharmacological agents”
t0“Tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
External ROS-dissipating enzymes did not prevent the ROS increase, suggesting an intracellular source.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- external addition of enzymes that dissipate ROSe0
- Outcome
- oxidative increase is primarily intracellulare0
- Direction
- insensitivitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The insensitivity of the increase in ROS to the external addition of enzymes that dissipate ROS suggests that this oxidative increase is primarily intracellular.”
t0“Tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Amines induced apoplastic ROS from peroxidase- or amine oxidase-type enzymes.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- aminese0
- Gene
- peroxidase- or amine oxidase-type enzyme(s)e0
- Outcome
- ROS at an apoplastic sitee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“amines and polyamines, compounds that form during wounding and pathogenesis, induced ROS at an apoplastic site from peroxidase- or amine oxidase-type enzyme(s).”
t0“Tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Polyamines induced apoplastic ROS from peroxidase- or amine oxidase-type enzymes.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- polyaminese0
- Gene
- peroxidase- or amine oxidase-type enzyme(s)e0
- Outcome
- ROS at an apoplastic sitee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“amines and polyamines, compounds that form during wounding and pathogenesis, induced ROS at an apoplastic site from peroxidase- or amine oxidase-type enzyme(s).”
t0“Tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid did not induce cellular ROS.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- Salicylic acide0
- Outcome
- cellular ROSe0
- Direction
- did not inducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salicylic acid, a putative inhibitor of cellular catalases and peroxidases, did not induce cellular ROS”
t0“Tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
ROS altered the epidermal cell glutathione pool and cellular redox state.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Outcome
- epidermal cell glutathione pool and the cellular redox statee0
- Direction
- alteratione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rapid alteration of the epidermal cell glutathione pool and the cellular redox state.”
t0“Tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
ROS induction by all elicitors correlated with later cell death.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- all elicitorse0
- Outcome
- subsequent cell deathe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“induction of ROS by all elicitors was correlated with subsequent cell death.”
t0“Tobacco”
The same questions in other papers
salicylic acid · physiology: oxidative · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.