Abstract
The effect of inoculation with growth-promoting rhizobacteria of the Pseudomonas genus on the growth and elemental composition of barley was examined in pot experiments with an artificially Pb-contaminated gray forest soil. The application of the bacteria to the contaminated soil enhanced the plant growth, increased the yield (including the grain yield) by 1.5 times, and considerably reduced the concentration of Pb in the plants without altering the soil reaction. The maximum effect was found upon the inoculation with the bacterium P. fluorescens 21, which ensures the same yield as that in the unpolluted soil without the application of bacteria and without changes in the grain quality (the protein content and the elemental composition). The positive effect of the bacteria was manifested to the greatest degree at the beginning and in the first half of the growing period and was associated with considerable binding of Pb in the soil compounds extractable with an ammonium acetate buffer solution. The elimination of the toxic effect and weakening of the Pb translocation in the barley plants after the inoculation with bacteria occurred due to the improvement in the mineral nutrition of the plants, the intensification of their barrier functions at the shoot-root and root-soil interfaces, the biological dilution caused by an increase in the plant biomass, and changes in the bioavailability of the metal (probably, under the influence of exometabolites produced by bacteria). The application of bacteria did not affect the removal of Pb from the soil by the plants (the biological remediation of the soil via phytoextraction of the toxicants).
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Application of Pseudomonas bacteria to Pb-contaminated soil enhanced barley plant growth.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaree0 - Treatment
- application of the bacteriae1
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas
Pseudomonase0symbiont - Outcome
- plant growthe1
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Setting
- pot experimentse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The effect of inoculation with growth-promoting rhizobacteria of the Pseudomonas genus on the growth and elemental composition of barley was examined in pot experiments with an artificially Pb-contaminated gray forest soil”
e1“The application of the bacteria to the contaminated soil enhanced the plant growth, increased the yield (including the grain yield) by 1.5 times, and considerably reduced the concentration of Pb in the plants without altering the soil reaction”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of Pseudomonas bacteria to Pb-contaminated soil increased barley yield, including grain yield, by 1.5 times.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- application of the bacteriae1
- Interactor
- PseudomonasPseudomonase0symbiont
- Outcome
- yield (including the grain yield)e1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 1.5 timese1
- Setting
- pot experimentse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of inoculation with growth-promoting rhizobacteria of the Pseudomonas genus on the growth and elemental composition of barley was examined in pot experiments with an artificially Pb-contaminated gray forest soil”
e1“The application of the bacteria to the contaminated soil enhanced the plant growth, increased the yield (including the grain yield) by 1.5 times, and considerably reduced the concentration of Pb in the plants without altering the soil reaction”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of Pseudomonas bacteria to Pb-contaminated soil considerably reduced the Pb concentration in barley plants.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- application of the bacteriae1
- Interactor
- PseudomonasPseudomonase0symbiont
- Outcome
- concentration of Pb in the plantse1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Setting
- pot experimentse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of inoculation with growth-promoting rhizobacteria of the Pseudomonas genus on the growth and elemental composition of barley was examined in pot experiments with an artificially Pb-contaminated gray forest soil”
e1“The application of the bacteria to the contaminated soil enhanced the plant growth, increased the yield (including the grain yield) by 1.5 times, and considerably reduced the concentration of Pb in the plants without altering the soil reaction”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of Pseudomonas bacteria did not alter the soil reaction in the Pb-contaminated soil.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- application of the bacteriae1
- Interactor
- PseudomonasPseudomonase0symbiont
- Outcome
- soil reactione1
- Direction
- without alteringe1
- Setting
- pot experimentse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of inoculation with growth-promoting rhizobacteria of the Pseudomonas genus on the growth and elemental composition of barley was examined in pot experiments with an artificially Pb-contaminated gray forest soil”
e1“The application of the bacteria to the contaminated soil enhanced the plant growth, increased the yield (including the grain yield) by 1.5 times, and considerably reduced the concentration of Pb in the plants without altering the soil reaction”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with Pseudomonas fluorescens 21 gave the maximum effect among the bacteria tested.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- inoculation with the bacterium P. fluorescens 21e2
- Interactor
- P. fluorescens 21
.JPG?width=60)
Pseudomonas fluorescense2symbiont - Outcome
- maximum effecte2
- Direction
- maximume2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.JPG?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The effect of inoculation with growth-promoting rhizobacteria of the Pseudomonas genus on the growth and elemental composition of barley was examined in pot experiments with an artificially Pb-contaminated gray forest soil”
e2“The maximum effect was found upon the inoculation with the bacterium P. fluorescens 21, which ensures the same yield as that in the unpolluted soil without the application of bacteria and without changes in the grain quality (the protein content and the elemental composition)”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with P. fluorescens 21 ensured the same barley yield as in unpolluted soil without bacteria.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- inoculation with the bacterium P. fluorescens 21e2
- Interactor
- P. fluorescens 21Pseudomonas fluorescense2symbiont
- Outcome
- yielde2
- Direction
- the samee2
- Comparator
- unpolluted soil without the application of bacteriae2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of inoculation with growth-promoting rhizobacteria of the Pseudomonas genus on the growth and elemental composition of barley was examined in pot experiments with an artificially Pb-contaminated gray forest soil”
e2“The maximum effect was found upon the inoculation with the bacterium P. fluorescens 21, which ensures the same yield as that in the unpolluted soil without the application of bacteria and without changes in the grain quality (the protein content and the elemental composition)”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with P. fluorescens 21 did not change barley grain quality.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- inoculation with the bacterium P. fluorescens 21e2
- Interactor
- P. fluorescens 21Pseudomonas fluorescense2symbiont
- Outcome
- grain qualitye2
- Direction
- without changese2
- Qualifier
- the protein content and the elemental compositione2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of inoculation with growth-promoting rhizobacteria of the Pseudomonas genus on the growth and elemental composition of barley was examined in pot experiments with an artificially Pb-contaminated gray forest soil”
e2“The maximum effect was found upon the inoculation with the bacterium P. fluorescens 21, which ensures the same yield as that in the unpolluted soil without the application of bacteria and without changes in the grain quality (the protein content and the elemental composition)”
Claim · model-written summary
The positive effect of the bacteria on barley was greatest at the beginning and in the first half of the growing period.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Organ / stage
- beginning and in the first half of the growing periode3
- Treatment
- the bacteriae3
- Outcome
- positive effecte3
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of inoculation with growth-promoting rhizobacteria of the Pseudomonas genus on the growth and elemental composition of barley was examined in pot experiments with an artificially Pb-contaminated gray forest soil”
e3“The positive effect of the bacteria was manifested to the greatest degree at the beginning and in the first half of the growing period and was associated with considerable binding of Pb in the soil compounds extractable with an ammonium acetate buffer solution”
Claim · model-written summary
The bacterial effect on barley was associated with considerable binding of Pb in soil compounds extractable with ammonium acetate.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- the bacteriae3
- Outcome
- binding of Pb in the soil compoundse3
- Direction
- increaseinferrede3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of inoculation with growth-promoting rhizobacteria of the Pseudomonas genus on the growth and elemental composition of barley was examined in pot experiments with an artificially Pb-contaminated gray forest soil”
e3“The positive effect of the bacteria was manifested to the greatest degree at the beginning and in the first half of the growing period and was associated with considerable binding of Pb in the soil compounds extractable with an ammonium acetate buffer solution”
Claim · model-written summary
The elimination of the toxic effect and weakening of Pb translocation in barley after inoculation are attributed to improved mineral nutrition of the plants.
- Taxon
- barley plantsHordeum vulgaree4
- Outcome
- elimination of the toxic effect and weakening of the Pb translocatione4
- Qualifier
- the improvement in the mineral nutrition of the plantse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“The elimination of the toxic effect and weakening of the Pb translocation in the barley plants after the inoculation with bacteria occurred due to the improvement in the mineral nutrition of the plants, the intensification of their barrier functions at the shoot-root and root-soil interfaces, the biological dilution caused by an increase in the plant biomass, and changes in the bioavailability of the metal (probably, under the influence of exometabolites produced by bacteria)”
Claim · model-written summary
The elimination of the toxic effect and weakening of Pb translocation in barley are attributed to intensified barrier functions at the shoot-root and root-soil interfaces.
- Taxon
- barley plantsHordeum vulgaree4
- Outcome
- elimination of the toxic effect and weakening of the Pb translocatione4
- Qualifier
- the intensification of their barrier functions at the shoot-root and root-soil interfacese4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“The elimination of the toxic effect and weakening of the Pb translocation in the barley plants after the inoculation with bacteria occurred due to the improvement in the mineral nutrition of the plants, the intensification of their barrier functions at the shoot-root and root-soil interfaces, the biological dilution caused by an increase in the plant biomass, and changes in the bioavailability of the metal (probably, under the influence of exometabolites produced by bacteria)”
Claim · model-written summary
The elimination of the toxic effect and weakening of Pb translocation in barley are attributed to biological dilution from increased plant biomass.
- Taxon
- barley plantsHordeum vulgaree4
- Outcome
- elimination of the toxic effect and weakening of the Pb translocatione4
- Qualifier
- the biological dilution caused by an increase in the plant biomasse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“The elimination of the toxic effect and weakening of the Pb translocation in the barley plants after the inoculation with bacteria occurred due to the improvement in the mineral nutrition of the plants, the intensification of their barrier functions at the shoot-root and root-soil interfaces, the biological dilution caused by an increase in the plant biomass, and changes in the bioavailability of the metal (probably, under the influence of exometabolites produced by bacteria)”
Claim · model-written summary
Changes in Pb bioavailability, probably driven by bacterial exometabolites, may underlie the bacterial effect on barley.
- Taxon
- barley plantsHordeum vulgaree4
- Outcome
- changes in the bioavailability of the metale4
- Qualifier
- exometabolites produced by bacteriae4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“The elimination of the toxic effect and weakening of the Pb translocation in the barley plants after the inoculation with bacteria occurred due to the improvement in the mineral nutrition of the plants, the intensification of their barrier functions at the shoot-root and root-soil interfaces, the biological dilution caused by an increase in the plant biomass, and changes in the bioavailability of the metal (probably, under the influence of exometabolites produced by bacteria)”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of bacteria did not affect the removal of Pb from the soil by barley plants.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- application of bacteriae5
- Interactor
- PseudomonasPseudomonase0symbiont
- Outcome
- removal of Pb from the soil by the plantse5
- Direction
- did not affecte5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of inoculation with growth-promoting rhizobacteria of the Pseudomonas genus on the growth and elemental composition of barley was examined in pot experiments with an artificially Pb-contaminated gray forest soil”
e5“The application of bacteria did not affect the removal of Pb from the soil by the plants”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.