Paper · 1988 · Soil Science Society of America Journal

Irrigated Corn Response to Soil‐Test Indices and Fertilizer Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Potassium, and Magnesium

T. A. Obreza; F. M. Rhoads

9
claims
17
verbatim quotes
25
citations
1
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Abstract Improved soil‐water management techniques have made irrigated corn ( Zea mays L.) yields of more than 12.5 Mg ha −1 possible in the southeastern USA. Data relating fertilizer rates and soil test indices to grain yield under intensive water management are needed to maximize fertilizer use efficiency. The objective of this study was to generate fertility index‐yield response data from which critical levels of Mehlich 1 soil test P, K, and Mg could be calculated. Irrigated corn was grown at Quincy, FL during 1980 and 1981. Nitrogen was applied at 168, 336, and 504 kg ha −1 , P at 0, 29, 59, and 118 kg ha −1 , K at 0, 209, and 418 kg ha −1 , and Mg at 0, 67, and 134 kg ha −1 in a total of 11 treatments. Indices of available nutrients were measured via the Mehlich 1 soil test prior to each season. For both years, a minimum application of 168 kg ha −1 of N, 29 kg ha −1 of P, and 0 kg ha −1 of Mg was required for maximum grain yield, which averaged 11.2 Mg ha −1 . For K, maximum yield occurred with minimum applications of 209 and 0 kg ha −1 in 1980 and 1981, respectively. Calculated critical Mehlich 1 soil test levels were 9, 45, and 33 mg kg −1 for P, K, and Mg, respectively. Comparison of our results with current soil test rating categories and corresponding recommended fertilizer rates indicated that maximum corn yield was obtained with a P fertilizer rate which was 50 kg ha −1 lower than the recommended rate.

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Claims 9

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Minimum N application of 168 kg ha −1 was required for maximum grain yield in both years.

Treatment
168 kg ha −1 of Ne0
Outcome
maximum grain yielde0
Direction
maximume0
Value
11.2 Mg ha −1e0
Qualifier
For both yearse0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays subsp. mays
Zea mays subsp. mays · TaxonDominicus Johannes Bergsma · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“For both years, a minimum application of 168 kg ha −1 of N, 29 kg ha −1 of P, and 0 kg ha −1 of Mg was required for maximum grain yield, which averaged 11.2 Mg ha −1”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 813–978 · show in text ↑
t0

“Irrigated Corn”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–14 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Minimum P application of 29 kg ha −1 was required for maximum grain yield in both years.

Treatment
29 kg ha −1 of Pe0
Outcome
maximum grain yielde0
Direction
maximume0
Value
11.2 Mg ha −1e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays subsp. mays
Zea mays subsp. mays · TaxonDominicus Johannes Bergsma · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“For both years, a minimum application of 168 kg ha −1 of N, 29 kg ha −1 of P, and 0 kg ha −1 of Mg was required for maximum grain yield, which averaged 11.2 Mg ha −1”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 813–978 · show in text ↑
t0

“Irrigated Corn”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–14 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

No Mg application was required for maximum grain yield in both years.

Treatment
0 kg ha −1 of Mge0
Outcome
maximum grain yielde0
Direction
maximume0
Value
11.2 Mg ha −1e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays subsp. mays
Zea mays subsp. mays · TaxonDominicus Johannes Bergsma · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“For both years, a minimum application of 168 kg ha −1 of N, 29 kg ha −1 of P, and 0 kg ha −1 of Mg was required for maximum grain yield, which averaged 11.2 Mg ha −1”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 813–978 · show in text ↑
t0

“Irrigated Corn”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–14 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

In 1980, minimum K application for maximum yield was 209 kg ha −1.

Treatment
Ke0
Outcome
maximum yielde0
Direction
maximume0
Value
209e0
Qualifier
1980e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays subsp. mays
Zea mays subsp. mays · TaxonDominicus Johannes Bergsma · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“For K, maximum yield occurred with minimum applications of 209 and 0 kg ha −1 in 1980 and 1981, respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 981–1089 · show in text ↑
t0

“Irrigated Corn”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–14 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

In 1981, minimum K application for maximum yield was 0 kg ha −1.

Treatment
Ke0
Outcome
maximum yielde0
Direction
maximume0
Value
0 kg ha −1e0
Qualifier
1981e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays subsp. mays
Zea mays subsp. mays · TaxonDominicus Johannes Bergsma · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“For K, maximum yield occurred with minimum applications of 209 and 0 kg ha −1 in 1980 and 1981, respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 981–1089 · show in text ↑
t0

“Irrigated Corn”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–14 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Critical Mehlich 1 soil-test P level was 9 mg kg −1.

Outcome
critical Mehlich 1 soil test levelse0
Value
9e0
Qualifier
Pe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays subsp. mays
Zea mays subsp. mays · TaxonDominicus Johannes Bergsma · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Calculated critical Mehlich 1 soil test levels were 9, 45, and 33 mg kg −1 for P, K, and Mg, respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1091–1196 · show in text ↑
t0

“Irrigated Corn”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–14 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Critical Mehlich 1 soil-test K level was 45 mg kg −1.

Outcome
critical Mehlich 1 soil test levelse0
Value
45e0
Qualifier
Ke0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays subsp. mays
Zea mays subsp. mays · TaxonDominicus Johannes Bergsma · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Calculated critical Mehlich 1 soil test levels were 9, 45, and 33 mg kg −1 for P, K, and Mg, respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1091–1196 · show in text ↑
t0

“Irrigated Corn”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–14 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Critical Mehlich 1 soil-test Mg level was 33 mg kg −1.

Outcome
critical Mehlich 1 soil test levelse0
Value
33 mg kg −1e0
Qualifier
Mge0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays subsp. mays
Zea mays subsp. mays · TaxonDominicus Johannes Bergsma · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Calculated critical Mehlich 1 soil test levels were 9, 45, and 33 mg kg −1 for P, K, and Mg, respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1091–1196 · show in text ↑
t0

“Irrigated Corn”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–14 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Maximum corn yield was obtained with a P fertilizer rate 50 kg ha −1 below the recommended rate.

Treatment
P fertilizer ratee0
Outcome
maximum corn yielde0
Direction
maximume0
Value
50 kg ha −1e0
Comparator
the recommended ratee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays subsp. mays
Zea mays subsp. mays · TaxonDominicus Johannes Bergsma · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“maximum corn yield was obtained with a P fertilizer rate which was 50 kg ha −1 lower than the recommended rate”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1327–1437 · show in text ↑

magnesium atom · yield · Zea mays (maize)Results differ

47 papers: 36 positive, 11 negative or no effect

10 papers in the same direction as this paper · 36 in the opposite direction

This paper is about lacking the nutrient, so it counts the other way round here.

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

43 papers more in this group

See all 47 papers →

potassium · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

320 papers: 291 positive, 29 negative or no effect

290 papers in the same direction as this paper · 28 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. no effect
  3. negative

316 papers more in this group

See all 320 papers →

fertilization · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

3,908 papers: 3,485 positive, 423 negative or no effect

3,484 papers in the same direction as this paper · 338 in the opposite direction · 85 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
    Seed-furrow P and banded N increased corn grain yield versus surface application.

    Corn Response to Fertilizer Placement Treatments in an Irrigated No‐Till System · 2000 · compared with P and N fertilizers were applied to the soil surface

    Same directionCites this paper

  3. positive

3,904 papers more in this group

See all 3,908 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.