Abstract
Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is an important source of tocopherols which have health‐beneficial properties. A study was conducted to determine tocopherols concentration and stability in early maturing soybean genotypes and to determine their relationships to other important seed characteristics. Twenty soybean genotypes were grown in replicated trials in six environments of eastern Canada, and their total‐, α‐, γ‐, and δ‐tocopherol concentrations were determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography. Seed yield, 100‐seed weight, and crude protein and oil concentrations were concurrently determined. Genotype and environment main effects and G × E interactions were observed for all tocopherols. Variations in the ranking of genotypes were, however, limited. Across environments and genotypes, relative proportions of α‐, δ‐, and γ‐tocopherol were 6, 34, and 60%, respectively. Variation in α‐tocopherol among genotypes was significant, with concentrations ranging between 8.7 and 33.2 μg g −1 across environments. Differences between environments were significant, albeit minimal, for all tocopherols; there was a 42% average variation in α‐tocopherol concentration across environments. Stability of genotypes for α‐tocopherol was not linked to mean concentration; however, some genotypes with high stability and mean concentration were identified, including the cultivar Heron. No correlations were observed between α‐tocopherol and any of the other seed characteristics investigated. However, negative correlations were observed between the other tocopherols and seed yield, 100‐seed weight, and crude protein. Tocopherols were positively correlated with each other, except for a negative correlation between α‐ and δ‐tocopherol. The large variation observed among genotypes for α‐tocopherol, the relatively high stability of genotypes performance across environments, and the lack of negative correlation with other important seed characteristics suggest that selection for high α‐tocopherol could be possible.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Genotype, environment and their interaction affected all tocopherols.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Material
- Genotypee0
- Outcome
- all tocopherolse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Genotype and environment main effects and G × E interactions were observed for all tocopherols”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Genotype ranking varied little.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- ranking of genotypese0
- Direction
- limitede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Variations in the ranking of genotypes were, however, limited”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Alpha-tocopherol represented 6% across genotypes and environments.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- α‐tocopherole1
- Value
- 6e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“relative proportions of α‐, δ‐, and γ‐tocopherol were 6, 34, and 60%, respectively”
e1“Variation in α‐tocopherol among genotypes was significant, with concentrations ranging between 8.7 and 33.2 μg g −1 across environments”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Delta-tocopherol represented 34% across genotypes and environments.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- δ‐tocopherole1
- Value
- 34e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“relative proportions of α‐, δ‐, and γ‐tocopherol were 6, 34, and 60%, respectively”
e1“a negative correlation between α‐ and δ‐tocopherol”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Gamma-tocopherol represented 60% across genotypes and environments.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- γ‐tocopherole0
- Value
- 60%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“relative proportions of α‐, δ‐, and γ‐tocopherol were 6, 34, and 60%, respectively”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Alpha-tocopherol varied significantly among genotypes from 8.7 to 33.2 μg g −1.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- α‐tocopherole0
- Direction
- Variatione0
- Value
- 8.7 and 33.2 μg g −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Variation in α‐tocopherol among genotypes was significant, with concentrations ranging between 8.7 and 33.2 μg g −1 across environments”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Environments differed significantly but minimally for all tocopherols.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- all tocopherolse0
- Direction
- Differencese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Differences between environments were significant, albeit minimal, for all tocopherols”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Alpha-tocopherol concentration varied 42% on average across environments.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- α‐tocopherol concentratione0
- Direction
- variatione0
- Value
- 42%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there was a 42% average variation in α‐tocopherol concentration across environments”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Alpha-tocopherol stability was not linked to mean concentration.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- genotypese0
- Outcome
- Stability of genotypes for α‐tocopherole0
- Direction
- not linkede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stability of genotypes for α‐tocopherol was not linked to mean concentration”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivar Heron combined high alpha-tocopherol stability and mean concentration.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- Herone0
- Outcome
- high stability and mean concentratione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“some genotypes with high stability and mean concentration were identified, including the cultivar Heron”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Alpha-tocopherol did not correlate with other measured seed characteristics.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- seede0
- Outcome
- α‐tocopherole0
- Direction
- No correlationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No correlations were observed between α‐tocopherol and any of the other seed characteristics investigated”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Other tocopherols correlated negatively with seed yield, seed weight and crude protein.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- seede0
- Outcome
- seed yield, 100‐seed weight, and crude proteine0
- Direction
- negative correlationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“negative correlations were observed between the other tocopherols and seed yield, 100‐seed weight, and crude protein”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Tocopherols generally correlated positively with each other.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- Tocopherolse0
- Direction
- positively correlatede0
- Comparator
- each othere0
Not reportedMaterialOrgan / stageSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tocopherols were positively correlated with each other”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Alpha- and delta-tocopherol correlated negatively.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- α‐ and δ‐tocopherole0
- Direction
- negative correlatione0
- Comparator
- δ‐tocopherole0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a negative correlation between α‐ and δ‐tocopherol”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors considered selection for high alpha-tocopherol feasible.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- selection for high α‐tocopherol could be possiblee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“selection for high α‐tocopherol could be possible”
t0“Soybean”