Abstract
The ability of four plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, isolated in a previous study, to induce systemic resistance on Arabidopsis thaliana Col 0 against biotic and abiotic stress was evaluated. All the bacteria enhanced protection against the foliar pathogen Pseudomonas syringae DC3000 and increased plant tolerance to salt stress (NaCl 60 mM). Bacillus sp. strain L81 and Arthrobacter oxidans strain BB1 performed best with a decrease in the disease index of 61.2 and 52.3%, respectively, and a reduction in the mortality due to salt stress of 72.4 and 57.8%, respectively. Additionally, significant differences were found in growth and photosynthesis, again, L81 and BB1 performed best either in normal or under stress conditions. In order to elucidate the pathway elicited by these two strains to induce systemic resistance, experiments with the transgenic line of Arabidopsis thaliana NahG (defective in salicylic acid [SA]) and with the jar1 mutant (defective in jasmonic acid) were carried out. Results showed that the SA-dependent pathway was involved in the defense response induced by strains L81 and BB1. Results from quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis of the PR1 gene, related to the SA-dependent pathway and the PDF1.2 gene related to the SA-independent pathway, showed an increased expression of PR1 in BB1-treated plants, confirming involvement of the SA-dependent pathway in the defensive response.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Four rhizobacteria enhanced protection against Pseudomonas syringae DC3000.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianat0 - Treatment
- bacteriae0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas syringae DC3000Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato str. DC3000e0pathogen
- Outcome
- protection against the foliar pathogen Pseudomonas syringae DC3000e0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All the bacteria enhanced protection against the foliar pathogen Pseudomonas syringae DC3000 and increased plant tolerance to salt stress (NaCl 60 mM).”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Four rhizobacteria increased salt tolerance.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- bacteriae0
- Outcome
- plant tolerance to salt stresse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All the bacteria enhanced protection against the foliar pathogen Pseudomonas syringae DC3000 and increased plant tolerance to salt stress (NaCl 60 mM).”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
L81 decreased disease index by 61.2%.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- Bacillus sp. strain L81e0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas syringae DC3000Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato str. DC3000e1pathogen
- Outcome
- disease indexe0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 61.2e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Bacillus sp. strain L81 and Arthrobacter oxidans strain BB1 performed best with a decrease in the disease index of 61.2 and 52.3%, respectively, and a reduction in the mortality due to salt stress of 72.4 and 57.8%, respectively.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e1“Pseudomonas syringae DC3000”
Claim · model-written summary
BB1 decreased disease index by 52.3%.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- Arthrobacter oxidans strain BB1e0
- Outcome
- disease indexe0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 52.3%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Bacillus sp. strain L81 and Arthrobacter oxidans strain BB1 performed best with a decrease in the disease index of 61.2 and 52.3%, respectively, and a reduction in the mortality due to salt stress of 72.4 and 57.8%, respectively.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
L81 reduced salt stress mortality by 72.4%.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- Bacillus sp. strain L81e0
- Outcome
- mortality due to salt stresse0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 72.4e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Bacillus sp. strain L81 and Arthrobacter oxidans strain BB1 performed best with a decrease in the disease index of 61.2 and 52.3%, respectively, and a reduction in the mortality due to salt stress of 72.4 and 57.8%, respectively.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
BB1 reduced salt stress mortality by 57.8%.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- Arthrobacter oxidans strain BB1e0
- Outcome
- mortality due to salt stresse0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 57.8%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Bacillus sp. strain L81 and Arthrobacter oxidans strain BB1 performed best with a decrease in the disease index of 61.2 and 52.3%, respectively, and a reduction in the mortality due to salt stress of 72.4 and 57.8%, respectively.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth and photosynthesis differed significantly, with L81 and BB1 performing best in normal and stress conditions.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- L81 and BB1e0
- Outcome
- growth and photosynthesise0
- Direction
- performed beste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Additionally, significant differences were found in growth and photosynthesis, again, L81 and BB1 performed best either in normal or under stress conditions.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
The SA-dependent pathway contributed to defense induced by L81 and BB1.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Outcome
- defense responsee0
- Qualifier
- SA-dependent pathwaye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results showed that the SA-dependent pathway was involved in the defense response induced by strains L81 and BB1.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
PR1 expression increased in BB1-treated plants.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- BB1-treatede0
- Gene
- PR1e0
- Outcome
- expression of PR1e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“showed an increased expression of PR1 in BB1-treated plants, confirming involvement of the SA-dependent pathway in the defensive response.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
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