Abstract
In 1967, two-year-old trees of‘Miyagawa Wase’, an early ripening satsuma mandarin, were planted at various planting densities and grown under different cultural treatments until 19 years old.Planting densities were 1, 250, 2, 500, 5, 000 and 10, 000 trees/ha. Cultural treatments adopted were shallow plowing+less fertilization, or deep plowing+standard fertilization and non pruning+non fruit thinning, or pruning+fruit thinning.The effect of planting density on fruit yield per unit area was determined from data obtained during the period from 1969 to 1984 (tree age from 4 to 19 years old). The effect of the cultural treatments on yield was also determined.1. The yields of high density plots, 5, 000 and 10, 000 trees/ha, increased rapidly with tree age, and then started to decrease gradually. The yields of the lower density plots, 1, 250 and 2, 500 trees/ha, gradually increased in the early years, but soon exceeded those of the high density plots.This trend was almost the same under all of the cultural treatments.2. Planting densities which gave the maximum yield were 10, 000 trees/ha after 4-5 years; 5, 000 trees/ha after 6-7 years; 2, 500 trees/ha after 8-13 years; 1, 250 trees/ha after 14-19 years. The average maximum yield for the planting densities at each tree age (4-19 years old) was 68t/ha.3. With non pruning+non fruit thinning, the trees allowed to bear the first crop showed the alternate bearing habit as early as the following year.With the pruning+fruit thinning, the lower the planting density, the later the alternate bearing habit occurred.4. The yield fluctuations from year to year were larger with the deep plowing +standard fertilization. There was no significant difference in the average yield between the two treatments.The yield fluctuations were apparently larger with the non pruning+non fruit thinning than with the pruning+fruit thinning. The average yield was slightly higher in the former than in the latter.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Yields of lower planting density plots (1,250 and 2,500 trees/ha) soon exceeded those of high density plots.
- Taxon
- satsuma mandarin
Citrus unshiue0 - Treatment
- 1, 250 and 2, 500 trees/hae3
- Outcome
- yieldse3
- Direction
- exceedede3
- Comparator
- high density plotse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an early ripening satsuma mandarin”
e3“The yields of the lower density plots, 1, 250 and 2, 500 trees/ha, gradually increased in the early years, but soon exceeded those of the high density plots”
Claim · model-written summary
Yields of lower planting density plots (1,250 and 2,500 trees/ha) gradually increased in the early years.
- Taxon
- satsuma mandarinCitrus unshiue0
- Treatment
- 1, 250 and 2, 500 trees/hae3
- Outcome
- yieldse3
- Direction
- gradually increasede3
- Qualifier
- in the early yearse3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an early ripening satsuma mandarin”
e3“The yields of the lower density plots, 1, 250 and 2, 500 trees/ha, gradually increased in the early years, but soon exceeded those of the high density plots”
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum yield was reached at 10,000 trees/ha after 4-5 years.
- Taxon
- satsuma mandarinCitrus unshiue0
- Treatment
- 10, 000 trees/hae4
- Outcome
- maximum yielde4
- Direction
- maximume4
- Qualifier
- after 4-5 yearse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an early ripening satsuma mandarin”
e4“Planting densities which gave the maximum yield were 10, 000 trees/ha after 4-5 years; 5, 000 trees/ha after 6-7 years; 2, 500 trees/ha after 8-13 years; 1, 250 trees/ha after 14-19 years”
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum yield was reached at 5,000 trees/ha after 6-7 years.
- Taxon
- satsuma mandarinCitrus unshiue0
- Treatment
- 5, 000 trees/hae4
- Outcome
- maximum yielde4
- Direction
- maximume4
- Qualifier
- after 6-7 yearse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an early ripening satsuma mandarin”
e4“Planting densities which gave the maximum yield were 10, 000 trees/ha after 4-5 years; 5, 000 trees/ha after 6-7 years; 2, 500 trees/ha after 8-13 years; 1, 250 trees/ha after 14-19 years”
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum yield was reached at 2,500 trees/ha after 8-13 years.
- Taxon
- satsuma mandarinCitrus unshiue0
- Treatment
- 2, 500 trees/hae4
- Outcome
- maximum yielde4
- Direction
- maximume4
- Qualifier
- after 8-13 yearse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an early ripening satsuma mandarin”
e4“Planting densities which gave the maximum yield were 10, 000 trees/ha after 4-5 years; 5, 000 trees/ha after 6-7 years; 2, 500 trees/ha after 8-13 years; 1, 250 trees/ha after 14-19 years”
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum yield was reached at 1,250 trees/ha after 14-19 years.
- Taxon
- satsuma mandarinCitrus unshiue0
- Treatment
- 1, 250 trees/hae4
- Outcome
- maximum yielde4
- Direction
- maximume4
- Qualifier
- after 14-19 yearse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an early ripening satsuma mandarin”
e4“Planting densities which gave the maximum yield were 10, 000 trees/ha after 4-5 years; 5, 000 trees/ha after 6-7 years; 2, 500 trees/ha after 8-13 years; 1, 250 trees/ha after 14-19 years”
Claim · model-written summary
The average maximum yield across planting densities at each tree age (4-19 years old) was 68 t/ha.
- Taxon
- satsuma mandarinCitrus unshiue0
- Outcome
- average maximum yielde5
- Value
- 68t/hae5
- Qualifier
- at each tree age (4-19 years old)e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an early ripening satsuma mandarin”
e5“The average maximum yield for the planting densities at each tree age (4-19 years old) was 68t/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
With pruning and fruit thinning, lower planting density delayed the onset of alternate bearing.
- Taxon
- satsuma mandarinCitrus unshiue0
- Treatment
- pruning+fruit thinninge7
- Outcome
- alternate bearing habite7
- Direction
- latere7
- Qualifier
- the lower the planting densitye7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an early ripening satsuma mandarin”
e7“With the pruning+fruit thinning, the lower the planting density, the later the alternate bearing habit occurred”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield fluctuations from year to year were larger with deep plowing and standard fertilization than with shallow plowing and less fertilization.
- Taxon
- satsuma mandarinCitrus unshiue0
- Treatment
- deep plowing +standard fertilizatione1
- Outcome
- yield fluctuations from year to yeare1
- Direction
- largere1
- Comparator
- shallow plowing+less fertilizatione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an early ripening satsuma mandarin”
e1“The yield fluctuations from year to year were larger with the deep plowing +standard fertilization”
e2“Cultural treatments adopted were shallow plowing+less fertilization, or deep plowing+standard fertilization”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield fluctuations were apparently larger with non pruning and non fruit thinning than with pruning and fruit thinning.
- Taxon
- satsuma mandarinCitrus unshiue0
- Treatment
- non pruning+non fruit thinninge1
- Outcome
- yield fluctuationse1
- Direction
- largere1
- Comparator
- pruning+fruit thinninge1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an early ripening satsuma mandarin”
e1“The yield fluctuations were apparently larger with the non pruning+non fruit thinning than with the pruning+fruit thinning”
Claim · model-written summary
Average yield did not differ significantly between deep plowing with standard fertilization and shallow plowing with less fertilization.
- Taxon
- satsuma mandarinCitrus unshiue0
- Treatment
- deep plowing+standard fertilizatione1
- Outcome
- average yielde2
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede2
- Comparator
- shallow plowing+less fertilizatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an early ripening satsuma mandarin”
e1“Cultural treatments adopted were shallow plowing+less fertilization, or deep plowing+standard fertilization”
e2“There was no significant difference in the average yield between the two treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Average yield was slightly higher with non pruning and non fruit thinning than with pruning and fruit thinning.
- Taxon
- satsuma mandarinCitrus unshiue0
- Treatment
- non pruning+non fruit thinninge1
- Outcome
- average yielde2
- Direction
- slightly highere2
- Comparator
- pruning+fruit thinninge1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an early ripening satsuma mandarin”
e1“The yield fluctuations were apparently larger with the non pruning+non fruit thinning than with the pruning+fruit thinning”
e2“The average yield was slightly higher in the former than in the latter”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · yield · Citrus unshiu (satsuma mandarin)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
pruning · yield · Citrus unshiu (satsuma mandarin)Positive and negative results
3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.