Abstract
Abstract The effect of preharvest calcium (Ca) foliar application on ethylene (C2H4) production, respiratory rate, soluble polyuronides, and fruit firmness of ‘Bebekou’ apricot fruits was determined. The study was carried out in two experimental years, 1991 and 1992. Calcium was applied 21, 17, and 13 days before harvest for 1991 at the concentration of 0.5% calcium chloride (CaCl2) each time and 16 and 12 days before harvest for 1992 at the concentrations of 0.8 and 0.7% CaCl2, respectively. Calcium treatment resulted in a 30–76% increase in the Ca content of fruit flesh. Treated fruits had significantly lower C2H4 production rates than control during (i) four (1991) or five days (1992) at 21°C out of the 7‐day period examined immediately after harvest, and (ii) one (1991) or two days (1992) at 21°C out of the seven‐day period examined immediately after a 3rd‐ (1991) or 4th‐week (1992) storage period at 0°C. After harvest, Ca‐treated fruits displayed one day delay to reach the peak rate of C2H4 production. Respiratory rate was significantly suppressed over a five‐day period at 21°C out of the seven‐day period examined immediately after harvesting. However, after four weeks of storage at 0°C, there was not any significant effect of Ca on the respiratory rate. The respiratory peak rate occurred earlier in the control fruits compared to that of the Ca‐treated fruits at harvest time. Calcium‐treated fruits were about 70% firmer than the untreated ones at harvest time. Furthermore, this difference persisted after four weeks of storage at 0°C. Foliar‐applied Ca produced a 29% decrease in the soluble polyuronide content of the fruits at harvest time, but not after four weeks of storage. Fruit firmness was positively correlated to the Ca content of fruits while the soluble polyuronide content of the fruit was negatively correlated to fruit Ca.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium treatment increased fruit flesh calcium by 30–76%.
- Taxon
- apricot
Prunus armeniacat0 - Treatment
- Calcium treatmente0
- Outcome
- Ca content of fruit fleshe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 30–76%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Calcium treatment resulted in a 30–76% increase in the Ca content of fruit flesh.”
t0“apricot fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium-treated fruit had lower ethylene production than controls immediately after harvest.
- Taxon
- apricotPrunus armeniacat0
- Treatment
- Treated fruitse0
- Outcome
- C2H4 production ratese0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- four (1991) or five days (1992) at 21°Ce0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treated fruits had significantly lower C2H4 production rates than control during (i) four (1991) or five days (1992) at 21°C out of the 7‐day period examined immediately after harvest”
t0“apricot fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium-treated fruit had lower ethylene production after cold storage.
- Taxon
- apricotPrunus armeniacat0
- Treatment
- Calcium treatmente1
- Outcome
- seven‐day periode0
- Qualifier
- storage period at 0°Ce0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“(ii) one (1991) or two days (1992) at 21°C out of the seven‐day period examined immediately after a 3rd‐ (1991) or 4th‐week (1992) storage period at 0°C”
t0“apricot fruit”
e1“Calcium treatment resulted in a 30–76% increase in the Ca content of fruit flesh.”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium treatment delayed the postharvest peak of ethylene production by one day.
- Taxon
- apricotPrunus armeniacat0
- Treatment
- Ca‐treated fruitse0
- Outcome
- peak rate of C2H4 productione0
- Direction
- delaye0
- Value
- one daye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After harvest, Ca‐treated fruits displayed one day delay to reach the peak rate of C2H4 production.”
t0“apricot fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium treatment suppressed respiration immediately after harvest.
- Taxon
- apricotPrunus armeniacat0
- Treatment
- Calcium treatmente1
- Outcome
- Respiratory ratee0
- Direction
- suppressede0
- Qualifier
- five‐day period at 21°Ce0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Respiratory rate was significantly suppressed over a five‐day period at 21°C out of the seven‐day period examined immediately after harvesting.”
t0“apricot fruit”
e1“Calcium treatment resulted in a 30–76% increase in the Ca content of fruit flesh.”
Claim · model-written summary
After four weeks at 0°C, calcium did not significantly affect respiration.
- Taxon
- apricotPrunus armeniacat0
- Treatment
- Cae0
- Outcome
- respiratory ratee0
- Direction
- not any significant effecte0
- Qualifier
- four weeks of storage at 0°Ce0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“after four weeks of storage at 0°C, there was not any significant effect of Ca on the respiratory rate.”
t0“apricot fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
The respiratory peak occurred earlier in controls than in calcium-treated fruit at harvest.
- Taxon
- apricotPrunus armeniacat0
- Treatment
- Ca‐treated fruitse0
- Outcome
- respiratory peak ratee0
- Direction
- earliere0
- Comparator
- control fruitse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The respiratory peak rate occurred earlier in the control fruits compared to that of the Ca‐treated fruits at harvest time.”
t0“apricot fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium-treated fruit were about 70% firmer at harvest.
- Taxon
- apricotPrunus armeniacat0
- Treatment
- Calcium‐treated fruitse0
- Outcome
- firmere0
- Direction
- firmere0
- Value
- 70%e0
- Comparator
- untreated onese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Calcium‐treated fruits were about 70% firmer than the untreated ones at harvest time.”
t0“apricot fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
The firmness advantage persisted after four weeks at 0°C.
- Taxon
- apricotPrunus armeniacat0
- Treatment
- Calcium‐treated fruitse1
- Outcome
- this differencee0
- Direction
- persistede0
- Qualifier
- four weeks of storage at 0°Ce0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this difference persisted after four weeks of storage at 0°C.”
t0“apricot fruit”
e1“Calcium‐treated fruits were about 70% firmer than the untreated ones at harvest time.”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar calcium decreased soluble polyuronides by 29% at harvest.
- Taxon
- apricotPrunus armeniacat0
- Treatment
- Foliar‐applied Cae0
- Outcome
- soluble polyuronide contente0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 29%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar‐applied Ca produced a 29% decrease in the soluble polyuronide content of the fruits at harvest time”
t0“apricot fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
After four weeks of storage, foliar calcium did not decrease soluble polyuronides.
- Taxon
- apricotPrunus armeniacat0
- Treatment
- Foliar‐applied Cae1
- Outcome
- not after four weeks of storagee0
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but not after four weeks of storage.”
t0“apricot fruit”
e1“Foliar‐applied Ca produced a 29% decrease in the soluble polyuronide content of the fruits at harvest time”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit firmness correlated positively with fruit calcium content.
- Taxon
- apricotPrunus armeniacat0
- Compound
- Cae0
- Outcome
- Fruit firmnesse0
- Direction
- positively correlatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fruit firmness was positively correlated to the Ca content of fruits”
t0“apricot fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Soluble polyuronides correlated negatively with fruit calcium.
- Taxon
- apricotPrunus armeniacat0
- Compound
- Cae0
- Outcome
- soluble polyuronide content of the fruite0
- Direction
- negatively correlatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the soluble polyuronide content of the fruit was negatively correlated to fruit Ca.”
t0“apricot fruit”
The same questions in other papers
calcium atom · nutrient: content · Prunus armeniaca (apricot)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
application · molecular: metabolites · Prunus armeniaca (apricot)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.