Abstract
Abstract Cowpea sown after wetland rice in tropical monsoon climates is frequently subjected to soil saturation and a high water table during early growth. We compared the effects of variation in water table regime on the shoot and root growth, and plant water relations of two medium‐maturing (cv. TVX3236‐01G and TVX3410‐02J) and two early maturing (cv. BS6 and IT82D‐889) cowpea [ Vigna unquiculata (L.) Walp] cultivars in three water table depth regimes on a Typic Tropudalf toposequence. Our objective was to elucidate the possible mechanisms of differential cultivar adaptation to shallow water table conditions. The shallow water table regime (SWT) significantly reduced the total dry matter accumulation and harvest index for BS6, an early maturing cultivar (reductions in stems, leaves, pods, and total dry matter by 82, 77, 88, and 84% respectively), while the least reductions (reductions by 44, 3, 57 and 55%, respectively) was observed for TVX 3410‐02J, a medium‐maturing cultivar. Roots of the medium cultivars were more concentrated in the top 0.2m in the SWT Site than those of the early‐maturing cultivars. Roots of the medium cultivars later penetrated to 0.8‐m maximum depth compared to 0.6‐m maximum depth for the early cultivars, and extracted soil water from 20 cm deeper in the soil profile than the early maturing cultivars. The medium‐maturity cultivars maintained higher leaf water potentials and lower canopy temperatures throughout the season. This was associated with greater end‐of‐season total soil profile water extraction. The medium‐maturing cultivars showed better adaptation to shallow water table conditions due to superior plant water status, rooting pattern, and biomass production and partitioning.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Shallow water table reduced stems of BS6 by 82%.
- Taxon
- Cowpea
Vigna unguiculatat0 - Material
- BS6e0
- Treatment
- shallow water table regimee0
- Outcome
- stemse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 82e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The shallow water table regime (SWT) significantly reduced the total dry matter accumulation and harvest index for BS6, an early maturing cultivar (reductions in stems, leaves, pods, and total dry matter by 82, 77, 88, and 84% respectively), while the least reductions (reductions by 44, 3, 57 and 55%, respectively) was observed for TVX 3410‐02J, a medium‐maturing cultivar.”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Shallow water table reduced leaves of BS6 by 77%.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Material
- BS6e0
- Treatment
- shallow water table regimee0
- Outcome
- leavese0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 77e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The shallow water table regime (SWT) significantly reduced the total dry matter accumulation and harvest index for BS6, an early maturing cultivar (reductions in stems, leaves, pods, and total dry matter by 82, 77, 88, and 84% respectively), while the least reductions (reductions by 44, 3, 57 and 55%, respectively) was observed for TVX 3410‐02J, a medium‐maturing cultivar.”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Shallow water table reduced pods of BS6 by 88%.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Material
- BS6e0
- Treatment
- shallow water table regimee0
- Outcome
- podse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 88e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The shallow water table regime (SWT) significantly reduced the total dry matter accumulation and harvest index for BS6, an early maturing cultivar (reductions in stems, leaves, pods, and total dry matter by 82, 77, 88, and 84% respectively), while the least reductions (reductions by 44, 3, 57 and 55%, respectively) was observed for TVX 3410‐02J, a medium‐maturing cultivar.”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Shallow water table reduced total dry matter of BS6 by 84%.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Material
- BS6e0
- Treatment
- shallow water table regimee0
- Outcome
- total dry mattere0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 84%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The shallow water table regime (SWT) significantly reduced the total dry matter accumulation and harvest index for BS6, an early maturing cultivar (reductions in stems, leaves, pods, and total dry matter by 82, 77, 88, and 84% respectively), while the least reductions (reductions by 44, 3, 57 and 55%, respectively) was observed for TVX 3410‐02J, a medium‐maturing cultivar.”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Shallow water table reduced stems of TVX 3410‐02J by 44%.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Material
- TVX 3410‐02Je0
- Treatment
- shallow water table regimee0
- Outcome
- stemse0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 44e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The shallow water table regime (SWT) significantly reduced the total dry matter accumulation and harvest index for BS6, an early maturing cultivar (reductions in stems, leaves, pods, and total dry matter by 82, 77, 88, and 84% respectively), while the least reductions (reductions by 44, 3, 57 and 55%, respectively) was observed for TVX 3410‐02J, a medium‐maturing cultivar.”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Shallow water table reduced leaves of TVX 3410‐02J by 3%.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Material
- TVX 3410‐02Je0
- Treatment
- shallow water table regimee0
- Outcome
- leavese0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 3e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The shallow water table regime (SWT) significantly reduced the total dry matter accumulation and harvest index for BS6, an early maturing cultivar (reductions in stems, leaves, pods, and total dry matter by 82, 77, 88, and 84% respectively), while the least reductions (reductions by 44, 3, 57 and 55%, respectively) was observed for TVX 3410‐02J, a medium‐maturing cultivar.”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Shallow water table reduced pods of TVX 3410‐02J by 57%.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Material
- TVX 3410‐02Je0
- Treatment
- shallow water table regimee0
- Outcome
- podse0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 57e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The shallow water table regime (SWT) significantly reduced the total dry matter accumulation and harvest index for BS6, an early maturing cultivar (reductions in stems, leaves, pods, and total dry matter by 82, 77, 88, and 84% respectively), while the least reductions (reductions by 44, 3, 57 and 55%, respectively) was observed for TVX 3410‐02J, a medium‐maturing cultivar.”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Shallow water table reduced total dry matter of TVX 3410‐02J by 55%.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Material
- TVX 3410‐02Je0
- Treatment
- shallow water table regimee0
- Outcome
- total dry mattere0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 55%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The shallow water table regime (SWT) significantly reduced the total dry matter accumulation and harvest index for BS6, an early maturing cultivar (reductions in stems, leaves, pods, and total dry matter by 82, 77, 88, and 84% respectively), while the least reductions (reductions by 44, 3, 57 and 55%, respectively) was observed for TVX 3410‐02J, a medium‐maturing cultivar.”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium-maturity cowpea cultivars had more roots in the top 0.2m at the SWT Site.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Material
- medium cultivarse0
- Outcome
- Rootse0
- Direction
- more concentratede0
- Value
- 0.2me0
- Comparator
- early‐maturing cultivarse0
- Setting
- SWT Sitee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Roots of the medium cultivars were more concentrated in the top 0.2m in the SWT Site than those of the early‐maturing cultivars.”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium-maturity cowpea roots reached 0.8 m versus 0.6 m in early cultivars.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Material
- medium cultivarse0
- Outcome
- maximum depthe0
- Direction
- higherinferrede0
- Value
- 0.8‐me0
- Qualifier
- 0.6‐me0
- Comparator
- early cultivarse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Roots of the medium cultivars later penetrated to 0.8‐m maximum depth compared to 0.6‐m maximum depth for the early cultivars, and extracted soil water from 20 cm deeper in the soil profile than the early maturing cultivars.”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium-maturity cowpea cultivars extracted soil water 20 cm deeper than early cultivars.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Material
- medium cultivarse0
- Outcome
- soil watere0
- Direction
- deepere0
- Value
- 20 cme0
- Comparator
- early maturing cultivarse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Roots of the medium cultivars later penetrated to 0.8‐m maximum depth compared to 0.6‐m maximum depth for the early cultivars, and extracted soil water from 20 cm deeper in the soil profile than the early maturing cultivars.”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium-maturity cowpea cultivars maintained higher leaf water potentials throughout the season.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Material
- medium‐maturity cultivarse0
- Outcome
- leaf water potentialse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- throughout the seasone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The medium‐maturity cultivars maintained higher leaf water potentials and lower canopy temperatures throughout the season.”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium-maturity cowpea cultivars maintained lower canopy temperatures throughout the season.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Material
- medium‐maturity cultivarse0
- Outcome
- canopy temperaturese0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- throughout the seasone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The medium‐maturity cultivars maintained higher leaf water potentials and lower canopy temperatures throughout the season.”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
The water status of medium-maturity cowpea cultivars was associated with greater soil profile water extraction.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Material
- medium‐maturing cultivarse1
- Outcome
- total soil profile water extractione0
- Direction
- greatere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This was associated with greater end‐of‐season total soil profile water extraction.”
t0“Cowpea”
e1“The medium‐maturing cultivars showed better adaptation to shallow water table conditions due to superior plant water status, rooting pattern, and biomass production and partitioning.”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium-maturity cowpea cultivars adapted better to shallow water tables through plant water status, rooting and biomass traits.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Material
- medium‐maturing cultivarse0
- Outcome
- better adaptatione0
- Qualifier
- superior plant water status, rooting pattern, and biomass production and partitioninge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The medium‐maturing cultivars showed better adaptation to shallow water table conditions due to superior plant water status, rooting pattern, and biomass production and partitioning.”
t0“Cowpea”
The same questions in other papers
soil water · yield · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
soil water · growth · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.