Abstract
The effect of sugars and metabolic inhibitors on the elongation of Zea mays root segments was analyzed by a rhizometer which records the elongation of each of 32 root segments at the same time. Galactose suppressed the acid-enhanced rapid elongation after a lag period of 1.5 hours, but it did not inhibit the slow elongation at pH 7. Mannose was less inhibitory than galactose. Arabinose, xylose, glucose, sucrose, mannitol, and sorbitol caused no inhibition. When galactose was removed after a 1-hour treatment, the elongation was partially recovered. Cycloheximide and 2-deoxyglucose suppressed acid-enhanced elongation when these were applied at the same time as acid treatments, whereas cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) inhibited elongation only if it was applied prior to acid treatment. Over the 9-hour period of elongation studied, the inhibition by galactose was comparable to that of cycloheximide. Since galactose has been reported to suppress the sugar metabolism necessary for the cell wall synthesis, the later phase of acid-enhanced elongation of root segments may at least partially depend on the synthesis or metabolism of cell wall components. The inhibition of root growth by galactose may be partially ascribed to a direct effect on the elongation process in roots, an effect that is enhanced by the acidification of the cell walls.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Galactose suppressed acid-enhanced rapid root elongation after 1.5 hours.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Galactose suppressed the acid-enhanced rapid elongation after a lag period of 1.5 hours”
t0“Zea mays”
e1“Galactose suppressed the acid-enhanced rapid elongation after a lag period of 1.5 hours”
Claim · model-written summary
Galactose did not inhibit slow elongation at pH 7.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it did not inhibit the slow elongation at pH 7.”
t0“Zea mays”
e1“Galactose suppressed the acid-enhanced rapid elongation after a lag period of 1.5 hours”
Claim · model-written summary
Mannose was less inhibitory than galactose.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mannose was less inhibitory than galactose.”
t0“Zea mays”
e1“Galactose suppressed the acid-enhanced rapid elongation after a lag period of 1.5 hours”
Claim · model-written summary
Arabinose, xylose and glucose caused no inhibition.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Arabinose, xylose, glucose, sucrose, mannitol, and sorbitol caused no inhibition.”
t0“Zea mays”
e1“Galactose suppressed the acid-enhanced rapid elongation after a lag period of 1.5 hours”
Claim · model-written summary
Sucrose, mannitol and sorbitol caused no inhibition.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Arabinose, xylose, glucose, sucrose, mannitol, and sorbitol caused no inhibition.”
t0“Zea mays”
e1“Galactose suppressed the acid-enhanced rapid elongation after a lag period of 1.5 hours”
Claim · model-written summary
Elongation partly recovered after galactose removal.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When galactose was removed after a 1-hour treatment, the elongation was partially recovered.”
t0“Zea mays”
e1“Galactose suppressed the acid-enhanced rapid elongation after a lag period of 1.5 hours”
Claim · model-written summary
Cycloheximide suppressed acid-enhanced elongation when co-applied with acid.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cycloheximide and 2-deoxyglucose suppressed acid-enhanced elongation when these were applied at the same time as acid treatments”
t0“Zea mays”
e1“Galactose suppressed the acid-enhanced rapid elongation after a lag period of 1.5 hours”
Claim · model-written summary
2-deoxyglucose suppressed acid-enhanced elongation when co-applied with acid.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cycloheximide and 2-deoxyglucose suppressed acid-enhanced elongation when these were applied at the same time as acid treatments”
t0“Zea mays”
e1“Galactose suppressed the acid-enhanced rapid elongation after a lag period of 1.5 hours”
Claim · model-written summary
Cordycepin inhibited elongation only when given before acid treatment.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) inhibited elongation only if it was applied prior to acid treatment.”
t0“Zea mays”
e1“Galactose suppressed the acid-enhanced rapid elongation after a lag period of 1.5 hours”
Claim · model-written summary
Galactose inhibition matched cycloheximide inhibition over nine hours.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Over the 9-hour period of elongation studied, the inhibition by galactose was comparable to that of cycloheximide.”
t0“Zea mays”
e1“Galactose suppressed the acid-enhanced rapid elongation after a lag period of 1.5 hours”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest later acid-enhanced elongation partly depends on cell-wall component synthesis or metabolism.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the later phase of acid-enhanced elongation of root segments may at least partially depend on the synthesis or metabolism of cell wall components.”
t0“Zea mays”
e1“Galactose suppressed the acid-enhanced rapid elongation after a lag period of 1.5 hours”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attribute some galactose inhibition of root growth to direct suppression of elongation enhanced by cell-wall acidification.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The inhibition of root growth by galactose may be partially ascribed to a direct effect on the elongation process in roots, an effect that is enhanced by the acidification of the cell walls.”
t0“Zea mays”
e1“Galactose suppressed the acid-enhanced rapid elongation after a lag period of 1.5 hours”
The same questions in other papers
glucitol · disease · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
glucose · disease · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
mannitol · disease · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
sucrose · disease · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- negative
galactose · growth · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.